is far better to turn out nud make the caucus 
right than it is to sulk and growl after the 
nominations are made. 
It appears that I have neglected to mention 
four political parties. These are United 
Labor, Union Labor, Industrial Reform, and 
Equal Rights. None of these parties have 
any chance to elect a candidate, still 
there may be some good things in their 
platforms. It will be good political study 
to see what they have to offer because it is al¬ 
ways good politics to see what people want. 
I consider it well to know what the Anarchists 
want to do, even, because then we can handle 
them to better advantage. The American 
Party is causing a little excitement just now. 
The object of this party is to put a stop to im¬ 
migration or at least to keep out all paupers 
and criminals from others countries. Many 
good people will be pleased with this idea. 
America is getting pretty well filled up now 
and it is certainly time that we began to pick 
our visitors. 
I see great gangs of immigrants passing by 
the Rural office every day. Such hats and 
coats and shoes as they wear! Many of them 
have great bags slung over their shoulders and 
some carry trunks or boxes. Many are little 
men with rat-like faces and stunted forms. 
Pretty pcor foundations for American citizen¬ 
ship, I can tell you. They go slouching and 
stumbling along. The good men and women 
seem to have some idea of where they are go¬ 
ing, They go out West at once and make 
good citizens. These rats that parade about 
the city seem to have no place to go to. I 
think many of them must be disappointed. 
Doubtless they expected to find money plenty 
and food free in this country. When they 
find that we have to work for a living here 
just as folks do in other countries, I guess 
they feel pretty bitter. We have no place for 
such folks here. The sooner they keep away 
the better. 
LETTERS FROM THE COUSINS. 
Dear Uncle Mark: 1 have never written 
to you before. I like to read the Cousins’ let¬ 
ters. I am 12 years old. I have one sister 
and a brother. We have about 100 chickens. 
I hunt the eggs; I do not get many eggs now. 
We have three cats and a dog. Our dog is al¬ 
most 12 years old. The cats’ names are Frank, 
Jake and Dick. We have two horses; their 
names are Fannie and Charlie. My father 
has taken the Rural for about a year and 
likes it much. ada m. bull. 
Scotchlown, N. Y. 
NOTES FROM THE CUMBERLAND VAL¬ 
LEY, PA. 
The wheat fields of the Cumberland Valley 
are a beautiful sight at this season of the year. 
Nearly three quarters of the land along the 
entire length of the valley is devoted to wheat. 
But it attracts attention because of its beauty 
and excellence rather than because of the 
large area covered. 
At this season (July 10th) about three quar¬ 
ters of the crop has been cut and shocked. It 
is almost invariably cut with harvesting ma¬ 
chines and then shocked and carted into the 
capacious barns for which the valley is noted. 
The custom, so prevalent in some parts of 
the West, of thrashing the grain in the field, 
has not teen introduced heie. It is carted 
into the barn and kept until the steam-thrash¬ 
er comes around. Thrashing is usually done 
with a traction engine, which goes from place 
to place. 
The crop this year is a very large one, con¬ 
siderably above the average, but the rainy 
weather of the past few days will injure it 
somewhat. The oat crop promises remark¬ 
ably well. It is likely to exceed that of any 
previous year. 
The valley is noted for the number and 
beauty of its hollyhocks. Even along old 
hedges we find beautiful clumps of them, just 
coming into bloom. They grow in great pro¬ 
fusion around the old stone farm houses. The 
old English style of architecture is still adhered 
to even in the villages. The houses are built 
mostly of brick and stone. The barns seem 
vastly out of proportion to the nouses. They 
are usually built with a basement for cattle 
with an “overhang” covering a part of the 
cow-yard. 
The fences are usually well built. They are 
chiefly of c estnut or of stone, but barb-wire 
is slowly coming into use. Almost all farmers 
keep a herd of swine, and their fences are usu¬ 
ally made “ hog-proof.” 
Turkeys are raised to a considerable extent. 
They are fattened upon the wheat stubbie 
and wheat straw and screenings. Portable 
chicken houses, so arranged that they could 
be moved on to the wheat fields, would in 
many cases be a good investment. The wheat 
stubble would be just the place to fatten a 
flock of chickens. 
The lower part of the valley is devoted 
largely to peach growing, and some of the 
finest peaches raised in America come from 
this section. 
Traction engines are used for almost all 
kinds of farm work. Even market wagons are 
drawn into town by them. A caravan of mar¬ 
ket wagons drawn by a snorting and puffing 
“traction” is a strange sight. 
The valley is the cradle if it is not the birth¬ 
place of the “traction.” They are shipped 
from here to all parts of the world. The 
Geiser Manufacturing Company and Messrs. 
Frick & Company of Waynesboro, the Har¬ 
risburg Car Company of Harrisburg, the Hag¬ 
erstown Iron Works of Hagerstown, and A. B. 
Farquher of York, make most of the engines 
used in this part of the State. 
The old custom of having a market day still 
pre vails. It enables the. village resident to live 
cheaper while at the same time the farmers 
get full value for their produce. There are few 
middlemen. The result is as it should be, the 
farmers are well off, business in the town is 
lively and everything is, as should be, happy 
and contented. observer. 
CORRESPONDENTS’ VIEWS. 
Pearl Sirawberry.— Among the many 
promising new varieties of the strawberry in 
full bearing this year in matted row, the Pearl 
seems the most promising for Western culture. 
The plants stood the terrible heat and drought 
of the Summer of 1887 as perfectly as the 
Green Prolific or Charles Downing, and the 
large, even-sized, smooth, firm-fleshed, and 
really good fruit has pleased all visitors who 
have tested it. It now seems that the Pearl 
has come West to stay. j. l. b. 
Ames, Iowa. 
Protecting Trees From Rabbits.— At a 
meeting of the Missouri Valley Horticultural 
Society the question how best to protect young 
trees from rabbits was under discussion when 
Mr. Goodman said some of his correspondents 
had found the wire mosquito netting to be a 
capital protection, costing but little, easily 
applied, lasting for five years, readily giving 
way for the trees to grow and proving to be a 
perfect protection also against the borer, by 
keeping the moth away from the trunk of the 
tree so she can not deposit her eggs. This 
seems to me very important if true. 
Does the Rural family know anythingabout 
it? , E. TAYLOR. 
The Hemlock.— I think there is no hand 
somer evergreen than our common hemlock 
It holds its beautiful green color all wintei 
and comes out in the spring as bright as evei 
while most others turn very dark or a dirty 
brown, noticeably so the American Arbor, 
vitae. I am no lover of this tree, and would 
never plant one, as it is not hardy enough foi 
this climate. Wherever one is planted among 
other evergreens it spoils the whole effect foi 
which it is intended. I suppose there are 
other varieties of this tree that are beautiful, 
but I Lave never seen them. 
Glendale, Mass. j. h. 
From all parts of the country we hear the 
same story: the failure of Wyandottes to 
throw chicks which are anywhere near the 
standard, the uncertainty as to the fertility of 
the eggs and the weakness of the little chicks. 
Is it not possible that in very many cases they 
are not as yet a fixed breed, but only hybrids 
or mules. The crossing of the different breeds 
seems not to affect the immediate offspring 
so much as it does the second and third gen¬ 
erations. j. h. G. 
I have seen several inquiries in my paper 
about something to prevent rabbits and mice 
from girdling young fruit trees. If people 
would get some wire-screen cloth and a 
tin collar with a flungeto fit on the top of the 
wire, it would effectually prevent the ravages 
of the pests. I have mine fixed in a similar 
manner and have never had a tree injured. 
The cost is very small, from five to 10 cents 
per tree. m. wright. 
San Pete Co„ Utah. 
Rye-Hay.— A few years ago I cut a piec 
of rye, which I thought was going to lodg 
and kill the seeding, and made it into hay. 
found it easy to cure, requiring less labor an 
care than clover. The method of curing wa 
similar. The yield was nearly, but perhap 
not quite, equal to a good growth of clover 
It was fully two weeks earlier and when fe< 
to milch cows it was nearly equal to clover 
hay, I thought. It must be cut early,for if i 
stands too long cattle will not eat it readily 
It should be cut as soon as it is nicely headed 
out. Don’t wait for all to head, or it will be 
too far along. I have never tried wheat for 
hay, but I have tried oats in the same way. I 
like the oat-hay, but it is too difficult to cure. 
I shall try rye again. h. h. l. 
Bainlwidge, N. Y. 
Tree Agents have to endure an immense 
amount of abuse. They have few if any 
friends. Their lot is not a happy one. There 
is, however, much to be said in their favor. 
They do an immense amount of missionary 
work. They often arouse the interest of the 
farmer in trees and shrubs, even when they 
fail to make a sale. There are such beings in 
the world as honest tree agents. Give the tree 
agent his due. one of them. 
What He Thinks of ’Em.—I admire Buce¬ 
phalus Brown. He has a level head and many 
extra fine points. I am sure he has more now 
than §5 and broad shoulders. His head was 
not filled with a spoon. I don’t take much 
stock in Mrs. Fisher, though she might make 
what we call a buckboard farmer. She does 
not distinguish between specialists, as truck or 
fruit growers, ranchers, homesteaders, settlers, 
dairy-men, and farmers. Settlers are plenti¬ 
ful out here, but farmers are scarce. A real 
farmer’s woman-kind have not much of which 
to complain, but here they are rather scarce. 
The new Government proposes to reduce the 
marriage licence fee one half; this may help 
the country. Mrs. Jack is a fine woman, pos¬ 
sessing enough poetry to see what makes a 
house a home. Mr. Falconer’s horticultural 
descriptions are beautifully tantalizing. They 
make me a little home-sick. exile. 
Manitoba. 
PERSONALS. 
W alt W hitman’s condition gives bis friends 
much anxiety. His vital powers appear to be 
failing steadily and hopelessly. 
The Emperor of Brazil has quite recovered 
from his recent illness. His Majesty will sail 
from Bordeaux for Rio Janeiro on August 5. 
Congressman Randall was taken with a 
hemorrhage on Monday night and for a time 
his life was despaired of. Within a very short 
time he lost fully half a gallon of blood. The 
flow was finally staunched, however, and, 
though quite weak, he is rapidly recovering. 
Emperor William and his consort will be 
crowned King and Queen of Prussia about 
October 18. Hitherto only two Kings of Prus¬ 
sia have been crowned. Frederick I. and 
William I., other inonarchs having contented 
themselves with what was called the huldi- 
gung, or the solemn declaration of homage 
from the representatives of the States of the 
realm. 
Miss Fambrough of Scull Shoals, Fla., is 
a young woman of nerve and presence of 
mind. The other day her father’s Jersey bull 
attacked him, and was in a fair way to kill 
him. His wife saw him fall and ran toward 
him, but the daughter, more thoughtful, first 
got the axe, and running up hit the bull such a 
tremendous whack that it stunned him, so 
that the father had a chance to get up, grab 
the axe, and bury its head in the skull of the 
brute. 
The highest classical honor in the London 
University has this year for the first time 
fallen to a woman, Miss Mary Louisa Worley 
c f Girton College,who gained the gold medal 
in classics at the annual examination for the 
M. A. degree. 
Wednesday B. P. Hutchison, the great 
Chicago and Milwaukee produce speculator, 
better known as “Old Hutch,”fell down stairs 
at the Century Club, Chicago, and dislocated 
his shoulder. As he is credited with being 
“long” of 5,000,000 to 10,000,000 bushels of 
wheat, and had been persistently bolstering 
prices with enormous purchases, the first ru¬ 
mors of the accident created quite a flurry in 
the “wheat pit.” 
Mrs. Warren, the Colorado Cattle Queen, 
who is said to be worth §10,000,000, is the 
wife of Bishop Warren, of the Methodist 
Church. 
A competent Woman, to instruct two good childr 
aged 14 and 10. She must be competent to include 
gebra and Geometry among the studies. She will 
expected to do light housework at times For t 
rest, her time will be her own outside of school hou 
The residence is in the country, IS miles from Nt 
Voik, in a very retired situation, but with beautil 
surroundings. Address Box 3318, New York Oil 
NEW YORK STATE FAIR 
ELMIRA,SEPT.I7T0 22,1888 
ENTRIES CL0SEAUGUST 18. 
For Prize List and New Features, Address 
N. Y. S. Aoriocltural Sqciktt, Albany, N. Y. 
We want one person in every village, town an<J township, to 
keep in their homes a line of our ART SAMPLES; to those 
who will keep and simply show these samples to those who call, 
we will send, free, the very best Sewing Machine manufactured 
the world, with all the attachments. This machine is made 
after the Singer patents, which have expired. Before the patents 
run out, this style machine, with the attachments, was sold for 
$98; it now sells for S-50. header, it may seem to you the most 
WONDERFUL THING ON EARTH, hut you can secure one of 
these machines ABSOLUTELY FREE, provided your application 
comes in first, from your locality, and if you will keep in your 
home and show to those who call, a set of our elegant and tin- 
equaled art samples. We do not ask you to show these sam¬ 
ples for more than two months, and then they become your 
own property. The art samples are sent to you ABSOLUTELY 
FREE of cost. How can we do all this?—easily enough! We often 
get as much as $2,000 or $11,000 in trade from even a small place, 
after our art samples have remained where they could be seen for 
a month or two. We need one person in each locality, all over 
the country, and take this means of securing them at once. 
Those who write to us at once, will secure, FREE, the very best 
Sewing Machine manufactured, and the finest general assort¬ 
ment of works of high art ever shown together in America. All 
particulars FREE by return mail. Write at once; a postal card 
on which to write to irs will cost you but one cent, and after you 
know all, should you conclude to go no further, why no harm is 
done. Wonderful as it seems, you need no capital—all is free- 
Addressat once. TRUE &CO., Augusta, Maine. 
GRINDER 
FerfeerMowing 
Machine Knife 
lncler. 
15000 
Machines in actual 
use testifying to its 
merits. 
Can be carried into the field and attached to Mowing 
Machine W heel. Send for new Descriptive Catalogue. 
HH.GAMJM MANUF’G. COR POKATION, 
Main Office: H1GGANUM, CONN. 
Successors to R. H. Allen & Co.. 189 Water St., N. Y 
S TEAM! $ TEAM! 
Wk build Automatic Engines from 2 to 200 H. P 
equal to anything in market. 
1 Laiye Lot of 2,3 and 4-H. Engii.es 
with or without boilers, low for chmIi. 
B. W. PAYNE A SO\8, 
Box 17. Elmira, N. IT. 
Revolving, Jetting, Hydraulic, Din- 
Imond, Prospecting Well Tools, Wind 
• Engines and Deep Well Pumps. Trea¬ 
tise on Natural Gas, or our Encyclo¬ 
pedia, mailed for 
- ' ,u " The American 
Well Works, 
Aurora, III 
BAl’Ct, _ PURE RAW BONE MEAL, ai™ 
PHOSPHATE 
Srnd for Prices Samples and all information. 
BAIIGII A SONS CO, Mfrs., I'lilml.di.M 
2 PCUTC for Catalogue ot hundreds of userut Art!- 
WE.I1 I O cles loss than Wholesale Price--. Agts. and 
Dealers sell large Quantities. CHICAGO SCALE CO.. Chicago. 
The R. N.-Y. 
WANTS AN ACTIVE, RELIABLE, 
IN EVERY COUNTY IN THE UNITED 
STATES. 
Seivices paid for in cash or in Premi¬ 
ums as desired. 
Write for terms. Address the 
RIBAL NEW-YORKER, 
34 Park Row, X. Y. 
General Advertising: Rates of 
THU RURAL NEW - YORKER. 
34 PARK ROW, NEW YORK. 
The following rates are invariable. All are there¬ 
fore respectfully informed that any correspondence 
with a view to obtaining different terms will prove 
futile. 
Ordinary Advertisements, per agate line (this 
sized type, 14 lines to the inch).30 cents. 
One thousand lines or more, within one year 
from date of first insertion, per agate line, 25 “ 
Yearly orders occupying 14 or more lines 
agate space.25 « 
Preferred positions.25 per cent, extra. 
Reading Notices, ending with “Adv.,” per 
line, minion leaded.75 cents. 
Terms of Subscription. 
The subscription price of the Rural New Yorker Is: 
Single copy, per year.$2.00 
“ “ Six months. l. io 
Great Britain. Ireland, Australia and 
Germany, per year, postpaid. $3.04 (12s. 6d.) 
France. 3.04 (I6t* fr.) 
French Colonies. 4.08129)4 fr.) 
Agents will be supplied with canvassing outfit on 
application. 
lntarad at the Post-offlee at New York City, 17. Y, 
M Mutcnd 9l*«# mall matter. 
