I 
68 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 
In 1893, Professor Raphael Pumpelly (162) called 
attention definitely to the time intervals which must have 
elapsed between the Vicksburg Limestone and the Chat¬ 
tahoochee group. He states that the evidence of a time 
break exists in: 
1. The almost general presence of a limestone conglomerate 
at the base of the Chattahoochee immediately overlying • 
Eocene fossils. This conglomerate is sometimes a breccia, 
and often like a rock shattered in place; but more often it 
consists of clearly rolled pebbles of limestone mot distinguish¬ 
able from the Eocene rock below. 
2. The surface of demarcation between the Eocene and the 
Chattahoochee is very irregular. The Eocene rises island-like 
into the Miocene. The altitude differs considerably at this 
point but a few miles along the strike.” 
In 1903 W. H. Dali completed his extensive publication 
on the Tertiary fauna of Florida, the first issue of which 
appeared thirteen years earlier. These researches, making 
up volume 3, parts 1-6, of the Transactions Wagner Free 
Institute of Science, contain the most detailed investi¬ 
gation that has yet been made on the invertebrate fauna 
of Florida. A discussion of the geologic results is given 
in part 6, pages 1541 to 1620 (42). 
Descriptions of the vertebrate fossils of Florida by 
the veteran paleontologist Joseph Leidy are contained in 
the Transactions of the Wagner Free Institute of Science, 
volume II, 1889, and volume IV, 1896, the latter edited 
by F. H. Lucas. 
The paleogeography of Florida has been freely dis¬ 
cussed in literature and has given rise to a diversity of 
views. Evidence of minor changes of level of the penin¬ 
sula have been recorded by a number of observers. A 
mild elevation of the peninsula during Post-Pliocene 
time was suggested by Conrad to account for the elevated 
position of Post-Pliocene formations along the east, 
south, and west coasts (28). Tuomey (196), after exam¬ 
ining the mainland of southwest Florida and the Florida 
keys, was of the opinion that it was necessary to recog- 
