152 HAZZLEDINE WARREN: STUDY OF PRE-HISTORY IN ESSEX. 
West Thurrock-Upminster, new railway (T. V. Holmes,. 
E.N., iv., 1890, pp. 143-149, map and three sections). Mid 
Terrace river gravels ; no fossils or implements seem 
to have been found [15, 19, 20]. 38 
Grays (T. V. Holmes, E.N., xiii., 1904, pp. 197-202, map and 
sections). Grey wethers in river gravel [20]. 39 
Lea Valley (T. V. Holmes, E.N., viii., 1894, pp. 198-201). 
Brief general sketch. 40 
Stort Valley (A. Irving, E.N. . xvii., 1912, p. 123, brief notice). 
Rubble drift [Palaeolithic] produced by re-distribution 
of surface material gravitating down the hill slopes. 41 
Felstead (W. H. Dalton, E.N., iv., 1890, p. 80). River- 
drift beds 1 m. S. of Felstead, similar to those of Braintree, 
and about 20 feet above the river. 42 
Chelmsford ( E.N. , viii., 1894, pp. 155 ; 219). Elephas 
primigenius and Rhinoceros antiquitatis from Mr. J. Brown’s 
brickyard near Lower Anchor St. (E. T. Newton, E.N., 
ix., 1895, pp. 16-19). Further report on the mammalia ; 
Hippopotamus has been recorded from Moulsham, near 
Chelmsford, but has not been found here. (T. V. Holmes, 
E.N., ix., 1895, pp. 10-16, section) The valley is cut through 
a plane of Boulder Clay into Glacial gravel ; the post¬ 
glacial brickearth and gravel reaches 100 O.D., or 20 feet 
above the marshes. The mammalian remains at Brown’s 
brickyard occur in a coarse gravelly layer 6 [or 15] feet 
from the surface. Underlying this is blue clay with chalk 
pebbles — clearly re-deposited Boulder Clay. 43 
Chelmsford. Mollusca (W. M. Webb, E.N., ix., 1895, pp. 19-20).. 
From same deposit. All these remains were deeper from 
the surface than at first supposed, as 9 feet had previously 
been removed [20]. 44 
Braintree (J. W. Kenworthy, E.N., xi., 1899, p. 96). Pleis¬ 
tocene brickearth, with teeth of Elephas (in E. F. C. Museum), 
and palaeolithic flakes, flank the Holocene alluvium of 
the valley. 45 
Braintree (T. V. Holmes, E.N., xi., 1899, pp.121-124). Sketch 
of the stratigraphy of the district, including Great Yeldharm 
46 
Great Yeldham (T. V. Holmes, E.N., ix., 1895, pp. 115-118). 
Brickearth and gravel, seen in a brickyard 200 yards W. 
of the radway station. The deposit lies in a hollow in the 
Boulder Clay, unconnected with the present streams. 
Cervus elaphns (common), Elephas, Rhinoceros leptorhinus y 
Bos primigenius, Capreolus caprea, Ursus arctos. 47 
Copford, Mollusca (W. M. Webb, E.N., xi., 1900, pp. 227-229 
[20]. 48' 
