HAZZLEDINE WARREN *. STUDY OF PRE-HISTORY IN ESSEX. 167 
Hackney Wick [133]. 
[Vide also 236]. 
IX. —Bone Implements. 
Braintree (F. W. Reader, E.N., xvi., 1909, pp. 82- 
96, 16 figs.). Worked bone made from the metacarpal 
of a horse. It is perforated towards either end, and has 
a wide and deep notch cut out towards the proximal 
end of the shaft. Eleven other examples of the same 
form are recorded from other localities ; this specimen 
being from Braintree. A comparison of these objects 
with bone skates, pin-polishers, etc., is entered into. 189 
Cricket-bat Burnishers (H. Mothersole, E.N., xviii., 1915, 
pp. 30-31). Metapodials of horse were used for this purpose 
up to 50 years ago. One example presented to the E.F.C. 
Museum. 190 
Pin-polishers ( E.N. , xiii., 1904, p. 261). These have small 
grooves, in which the pin was placed for filing, and they 
show the transverse file-marks [189]. 191 
Bark-peeler? (W. G. Smith, E.N., x., 1898, pp. 310-312, fig.). 
The implement is about 13 inches long, it has a chisel end, 
showing transverse striae and a small perforation near 
the butt. It is made in red deer antler. Stated to have 
been found at Wormingford, 10 feet from the surface, in 
the Alluvium of the Stour. 192 
Bark-peeler (E. Lovett, E.N., x., 1898, pp. 315-353, fig.). 
Describes a similar implement, only made in bone, with 
an old pen-knife blade fixed in a hcle near the butt-end. 
It was formerly used for peeling birch bark in Normandy,, 
the iron blade making the preliminary incision. Birch 
bark was formeily much used, and is so still for small boxes, 
etc. The North American Indians use a similar tool for 
birch bark peeling.. 193. 
Perforated Axes and Hammers in antler [144] 
[Vide also 311] 
X. —Pottery. 
a. British (Neolithic and Bronze Age). 
Felstead (J. French, E.N., v., 1891, p. 205). A dish, 8 inches 
diameter and 4 inches high, found in a gravel pit at North 
End. The ware is coarse, with much crushed flint, and 
is imperfectly baked. 194 
Audley End (E.N., xvi., 1910, p. 186). Brief note of Bronze 
Age, Late Celtic, and Eomano-British burial urns, all 
being found in the same gravel pit. 195 
