HAZZLEDINE WARREN : STUDY OF PRE-HISTORY IN ESSEX. 175 
Walton-on-Naze (S. H. Warren and A. Keith, E.N., xvi., 
1911, pp. 198-208, 2 figs, and plate). The interment was 
made from the prehistoric “ floor” under the peat [see 121]. 
The body was placed in the contracted attitude and had 
been swathed in grass. 258 
Wenden (G. Maynard and A. Keith, E.N., xvii., 1913, pp. 244- 
248, 2 figs, and plate). Human skull said to have been 
found at a depth of 22 feet [it may have been 16 feet] in 
the Alluvium of the River Cam. Many bones were found 
in the same bed, including an antler of Cervus giganteus. 
The skull belongs to Huxley’s “ River-bed ” type, and it 
is of the same race as the Walton woman [258]. 259 
Dating of Human Remains (S. H. Warren, E.N. , xviii., 1915, 
pp. 40-59). A general review of the evidences, including the 
Tilbury skeleton [112]. 260 
British Ethnography (T. V. Holmes, Trans., iv., 1886, pp. 189- 
228). A general survey of the subject. Refers to the 
survival of a prehistoric language in Britain—the Celtic 
dialect called “ Shelia ” spoken by tinkers, and resembling 
ancient Irish. The tinkers were in former times a very 
exclusive clan, probably the descendants of prehistoric 
metal-workers. The Shelta-speaking tinkers always inter¬ 
married. Many gypsies and similar people also understood 
the language. 261 
XVII.— Interment Sites, etc. 
(Vide also under Tumuli, Pottery, and Human Remains. Some 
of the problematical pits under Pit-dwellings may be in¬ 
terment sites.) 
Saffron Walden (T. V. Holmes, Proc., iv., 1887, pp. cc.-cciv.). 
A number of circular shafts, a few feet wide and deep, were 
found in the Anglo-Saxon cemetery. It is uncertain whether 
they may be contemporary or earlier. Numerous illustra¬ 
tions are cited of similar little shafts in association with 
prehistoric barrows. 262 
Relvedon (G. F. Beaumont, E.N., ii., 1888, p. 124 ; iv., 1890, 
pp. 105-106). Saxon graveyard in a field called “ Barrow 
field ” on old maps, although no barrow now exists. 263 
Raddle over interment (S. H. Warren, E.N., xvii., 1913, pp. 
264-265). The early Romano-British tomb in the Mersea 
barrow was covered by ochre raddle. This was a survival 
of a very early funeral custom. 264 
[Vide also 275, 2 yq] 
