ESSEX NATURALIST , vol. XVIII.. pi. IX. 
[To face b. 285. 
From photo by A. IV. Dennis. 
Fig. 4.—Lichens on exfoliated Bark of Plane Tfee. 
Pavmelia fuliginosa var. Icetevirens Nyl. and P. Saxatilis Ach. (The bark 
is probably two years old ) x J. 
From photo by A. W. Dennis. 
Fig. 5.—Lichens on Twig of Hawthorn of Three Years' Growth. 
The wood shows no signs of decay. There is probably five to six year’s growth 
of lichens Lichens from left to right :— X 1. 
L. Ramaliita farinacea, Parmelia Sulcata, Everr.ia pnmastri. 
Mid. Parmelia physades var. fubttlosa, Parmelia fuliginosa v.n. Icetevirens. 
R. Usnea hirta, Ramalina farinacea. 
