THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
r 
The Ontario Cheese Trade —The growth 
of the Ontario cheese traae within a few 
years is said by the Toronto Globe to have 
been wonderful. “The exports of the Do¬ 
minion now amount in value to over *7,000, 
000, and the season just closed shows the 
largest business on record. The shipments 
from Montreal this season were 1, 134, .349 
boxes, as against 1,104,065 boxes last year, 
507,019 boxes in 1880 and 359,251 boxes in 
1874. Of this season’s exports 499, 391 boxes 
went to Liverpool, 140,394 boxes to Glasgow, 
235,176 boxes to London and 259 388 to 
Bristol. In striking contrast to this statement 
is our foreign trade in butter. The exports 
this season were only 46,528 packages, as 
against 60,353 packages la«t year, 194,366 
packages in 1880 and 80, 206 packages in 1874. 
Of this year’s shipments some 26,014 pack¬ 
ages went to Bristol, and 20,253 packages to 
Liverpool.” 
FULL AS A TICK. 
It is rather remarkable that of the many 
experiments tried by the stations in order to 
show what quantity of seed-oats will give the 
largest yields, not one gives anything but 
contradictory results. Experiments of this 
kind made at the R. N.- Y. Farm 10 years ago 
were not contradictory. One and a quarter 
bushel was the amount which gave the heavi¬ 
est yield. In a bulletin just received from the 
University of Illinois E. S , one bushel of seed 
guve 52 bushels of crop; two bushels gave 61; 
three bushels gave 62; four bushels gave 61. 
Another experiment was made to find out 
which would give the greater yield of oats, a 
compact or a loose seed bed. Of the three plots, 
all fall-plowed, the oats on the first were 
lightly covered with a disc harrow and rolled 
with a heavy roller. No. 2 was cultivated 
with a disc harrow before sowing; the oats 
were covered by disking once and ODce har¬ 
rowing, No. 3 was disked three times before 
sowing, once afterward and then harrowed. 
The yield was as follows: 
No 1 (compact), 60 bus. per acre. 
“ 2 (medium loose), (56 “ “ “ 
“ 3 (very loose), 61 “ “ “ 
A third experiment was made to deter¬ 
mine the best time for sowing, with the follow¬ 
ing results: 
April 
6 
yield 
66 bus. 
13 
hi 
57 
(i 
ii 
20 
U 
49 
SC 
Si 
27 
U 
49 
(i 
Oats were sown from one to six inches in 
depth. The largest yield was from the seed 
covered three inches: the next from thatcover. 
ed four inches, the next from that covered one 
inch. Of course nothing is taught by this trial. 
Here is an item which is being published in 
many of our farm papers. 
“The editor of the Mark Lane Express 
(London), advises farmers to cut off potato 
blossoms as soon as they appear. The balls, or 
true seed of the potato, which results from the 
blossom, are not only unnecessary to the for¬ 
mation of the tuber below, but are a prejudi¬ 
cial strain on the plant. 
The R. N.-Y. has raised as many as 100 
different varieties of potatoes in a single season 
without being able to find a single seed-ball. 
Labor spent in cutting off the flowers would 
be thrown away. In fact the varieties of po¬ 
tatoes of to-day fruit very sparingly in this 
country. If some of our agricultural editors 
could be induced to visit a potato patch once 
in awhile, they would find this out. 
How should horticultural meetings be man¬ 
aged is a question which Green’s Fruit- 
Grower asks. John J. Thomas says that they 
are made successful only by much labor. 
They will not run of themselves. The man¬ 
aging officers must be willing to employ much 
correspondence and as much personal effort 
and interviewing as practicable before the time 
of meeting. Write to or converse with those 
who have been successful or who have made 
money by raising and selling fruits; give 
their experience. The prospect of learning 
how to realize profits will have a special 
charm to most men. 
In the planting of a tree,says C. W. Garfield, 
all the family may take a part, and as it 
grows thereafter, we find that that tree is a 
part of the family as much as each child, and 
about it the tissues of the home concentrate 
and hold them all together, and by and by 
they look upon that tree as oue of the in- 
lluences that have lifted them to ubigherplane 
of living . 
I !’ FlEfirg) Of Ohio, very seusibly tews 
that horticultural societies are liable to de¬ 
generate into banqueting associations, com- 
ing together for an orgie instead of intellect¬ 
ual entertainment. He says that long records 
of the weather, of cold snaps and periods of 
drought, generally known as ad interim re¬ 
ports, are of little value. The world is too 
busy to read weather reports 18 or 20 months 
old . 
Mr. Pierce makes the statement that more 
than one-half the farmers in Ohio do not 
raise enough strawberries, currants, pears and 
cherries for home use, and not one in ten 
grows a decent supply of strawberries and 
blackberries. 
It seems to him that it should be the work 
of the horticulturist, not only to enlarge the 
consumption of fruits, but to teach thousands 
who know them not, the joys that come with 
their growing ... 
Mr. E. C. Davis, of Northampton, the win¬ 
ner of the *25 prize* offered by C. A. Green 
for the largest crop of the Jessie strawberry 
raised on a given area, reports 41 % pounds of 
berries from 12 plants—which seems close to 
incredible to the R. N.-Y. 
To quote his words: “It is simply wonder¬ 
ful and beats everything I have ever seen or 
dreamed of among stawberries. If there is 
any defect about it I have yet to discover it.” 
Thus we see how a kind of fruit thrives in 
perfection in one locality and fails in another. 
The Jessie as yet has not shown any decided 
superiority over older kinds at the Rural 
Grounds. 
Mr. Davis never sets out plants of any kind 
without thoroughly preparing the soil for 
them, and with strawberries he works into the 
ground all it will hold of old, well rotted cow 
manure. Then he makes the ground as mel¬ 
low and fine as possible. 
Then,after culture,feeding and watering are 
what tell on strawberries, particularly be¬ 
tween the time of blooming and the ripe 
fruit. He treats his strawberry plants in 
this respect as he does his poultry and horses, 
feeding and watering them every day, the 
feeding being largely with fertilizers, although 
he uses wood ashes and bone meal freely. 
Then he finds they can hardly be mulched too 
much, and especially is this true of light, thin 
land, where the mulch retains the moisture. 
The strawberry plant delights in two baths 
every day, one of water and the other of the 
sun. 
The Chattanooga Tradesman says that the 
assessments of property in the 12 Southern 
States amounts to $3,681,740,945. The in¬ 
crease in population in these States since 1880 
has been 5, 500,000. 
A French writer says that in Paris the 
municipal chemists accept milk as pure when 
it contains one ounce of butter and four 
ounces of solids per quart. At Berne, milk 
must contain at least three per cent of butter, 
and may contain 90 per cent, of water. At 
Berlin, the police seize all milk offered for 
sale which is below the legally required 
standard 2.7 per cent of fatty matters. 
The Western Druggist gives a formula for 
a liniment much used for cuts in live stock 
from barbed wire. For healing cuts and flesh- 
wounds of all kinds it has no equal, and flies 
will not trouble a sore where it is used. Raw 
linseed oil, 16 ounces; saltpeter, powdered, 1 
ounce; sugar of lead, jiowdered, 1 ounce; sul¬ 
phuric acid, 1 ounce; carbolic acid, ounce. 
Mix the oil with the saltpeter and sugar of 
lead, and slowly add sulphuric acid,stirring 
constantly. When cold pour off from the 
dregs and add the carbolic acid. Apply with 
a feather twice daily. Do not wash the sore 
at all. Keep a supply constantly on hand to 
be ready for casualties. 
In order to more exactly determine the ef¬ 
fects of inoculation against pleuro-pneumonia 
as we learn from the London Agricultural 
Gazette, extensive experiments have been ar¬ 
ranged by the Saxony Agricultural Society, 
which are supported by the Government. 
Sixteen heifers, from various parts of the 
eouutry absolutely free from pleuro-pneu¬ 
monia, have been collected, inoculated in 
three different parts of the body, the wounds 
being treated antiseptieally, and the animals 
have now been sent to a farm where pleuro is 
reigning extensively, being mixed with the 
diseased cattle. The experiments are con¬ 
ducted by Prof. Dr. Schutz. 
Ik we look at the composition of roots and 
straw, says Sir J. B. Lawes, we see that their 
properties are totally distinct and opposed 
to each other. In the roots, we find an im¬ 
mense quantity of water, varying from 88 to 
92 per cent, and it is very remarkable that 
this water is so intimately combined with the 
solid matter of the root that even when cut 
up into small pieces no water runs from it; 
milk, which is perfectly fluid, contains less 
water than the solid root; the solid matter of 
the root is chiefly sugar, and what is not 
“llgar j? Almost entirely digestible. Straw, 
on the other hand, is hard and dry, and the 
digestible matter is largely mixed with sub¬ 
stances which are not digestible; the two 
foods when used together correct each other’s 
defects. To squander the fertility of your 
soil in useless vegetation is bad enough, but to 
feed thistles and Couch grass with nitric 
acid worth 15 cents per pound is wasteful 
extravagance._. 
Look to the potatoes to be used for seed 
next spring. Remember that every sprout 
weakens the potato and that every seed piece 
of this kind cannot sprout in the field as vig¬ 
orously as one that is sound. 
The R N.,-Y has its heart in fruit culture. 
Wbat other paper has done more for pomo¬ 
logy?... 
Graft Grape vines during February if the 
ground is open, or in March or later so long 
as the sap does not flow. 
DIRECT. 
Self Guiding. Uses a wheel landside. Two horse# 
instead of three. A ten year old boy instead of a plow¬ 
man. No pole (except among Btumps). No side draft. 
No neck weight. No lifting at corners. Easier driving, 
straighter I IRUTCD DRAFT THAN ANY 
furrows, and Llun 1 unHf 1 PLOW on or 
off wheels. Will plow any ground a mower can cut 
over. No equal in hard, stony ground, or on hillsides. 
Our book, “FUN ON THE FARM,” sent Free 
to ail who mention this paper. 
ECONOMIST PLOW C0.*<®S5E® 
Special prices and time for trial given 
on hiBt orders from points where we have no agent* 
-“When a man farms in a certain way and 
then charges his failures on the business in¬ 
stead of ou his way of conducting it, he makes 
a great mistake.” 
-W. B. Alwood of the Va. E. S. “The 
\\ omen’s Potato Contest is a grand move.” 
- T. B. Terry: “When using the Cut¬ 
away harrow, always lap half. You thus 
barrow all the ground twice, once each way, 
and leave it nearly level.” 
-—N. E. Homestead: “No higher com¬ 
pliment could be paid farmers than the words 
of Prof. S. W. Johnson, Director of the Con¬ 
necticut experiment station. ‘I am astonish¬ 
ed, ’he said ‘in looking over some of the agri¬ 
cultural papers, to see the character of mat¬ 
ter they print ,that their subscribers read and 
digest. But a few years ago all this would 
have been as unintelligible as Greek is to most 
men. The scientific feeding of eattle, the 
chemical constituents of the soil, and the 
practical discussion in print of kindred mat¬ 
ters show how deeply farmers are thinking. 
No people under heaven can show such pro¬ 
gress in 25 years. I say this not to brag, but 
for sober encouragement.” 
-London Agricultural Gazette : “ In 
these days, green manuring is seldom attempt¬ 
ed, simply because after having grown your 
crop it is too valuable as sheep food to be 
plowed in. * * * We are told that wheat never 
looked better than it does now.” . . . . 
- Cor. N. Y. Tribune : “When you put a 
kerosene lamp in your cellar to warm it set a 
joint of stovepipe over it and lay a tin plate 
or the like over the upper end, taking care 
not to have it tight enough to interfere with 
the draught. The pipe will be hot as long as 
the lamp burns, radiating the heat in all di¬ 
rections, while an open lamp merely sends a 
hot current upward, leaving the bottom of 
the cellar as cold as ever. * * * * “There 
is danger in selecting too many varie¬ 
ties of summer apples: better have several on 
one tree for testing.” 
-Puck: 
“business is business. 
“ American Millioniare (year 1988).— 
What are the prices of admission ? ” 
“Doorkeeper (United States Capitol).— 
Seats in the Senate are five hundred thousand 
dollars; but I can give you a seat in the 
House for one hundred thousand dollars. 
Thanks. Hand this ticket to the usher. Keep 
the coupon in your hat to avoid mistakes.’' 
IHi.srrUatteoutf 
Dyspepsia 
Does not get well of itself; it requires careful, 
persistent attention and a remedy that will assist 
nature to throw off the causes and tone up the 
digestive organs till they perforin their duties 
willingly. Among the agonies experienced by the 
dyspeptic, are distress before or after eating, loss 
of appetite, irregularities of the bowels, wind or 
gas and pain in the stomach, heart-burn, sour 
stomach,etc., causing mental depression, nervous 
irritability and sleeplessness. If you are dis¬ 
couraged he of good cheer and try Hood's Sar¬ 
saparilla. It lias cured hundreds, it will cure you. 
Hood’s Sarsaparilla 
Sold by all druggists. $1; six for $5. Made 
only by C. I. HOOD & CO., Lowell, Mass. 
IOO Doses One Dollar 
NEW YORK 
ANNUAL MEETING.: 
The Annual Meeting of the New York State Agri¬ 
cultural Society will be held at the Society's rooms, 
Albany, on WEDNESDAY, the 16th day of January, 
1889, at noon. 
W. JUDSON SMITH, 
Secretary Fro-tem. 
AGENTS SSSS 
and farmers with no experience make $‘j.50 an 
hour during spare time. J.V. Kenyon, Glens Falls, 
N. Y., made SIS one day, $76.50 one week. 
So can you. Proofs and catalogue free. 
J. E. Shepard A Co.. Cincinnati. O. 
STrewi, Cecils and giants'. 
t^“OVER 6.000.000 people believe that it 
— *-- r,*ys best to buy Seeds 
of the largest and most reli 
liable b 
11V £ 
ouse, and they use 
Ferry’s Seeds 
D. M. FERRY A CO. are 
acknowledged to be the 
Largest Seedsmen 
In the world. 
D. M. Ferry A Co’s 
Illustrated. Descrip¬ 
tive and Priced 
SEED ANNUAL 
For 1889 
r Will be mailed FREE 
to all applicants, and 
to last year’s customers 
_ ^without ordering it. lnralu- 
Ear ! i n 3 e t xi^nce° Wer I oCen,Refd o?'Kr tteSg 
in existence. I should send for it. Address 
D. M. FERRY & CO., Detroit, Mich. 
D.LANDRETH&SONS 
THE 
OLDEST 
HOUSE 
AMERICA 
have issued their handsomely illustrated SEED Cata¬ 
logue for 1889. Merchants, Market Gardeners and 
Private Families desiring Cood Seeds, should send a 
postal for a copy. FREE to all applicants. Address 
D. LANDRETH & SONS 'p H LL ADEL PH IA PA*’ 
®S^WX0N'S-5eed Specialties 
’ s. Asters. Pansies, Sweet Peas.Nasturtiums, 
B and Danvers Onion. Essays Annuals 
t and Their Cultivation, 10 cents. Garden 
c; Vegetables. lOcents. Both, and Catalogue, 
- wrosupr §> 10 cents, if you mention this puper. 
M B.Faxon 215o Market5t.BOSTON MASS 
, Our sales in 1 S8S 
' liintbU those of 1887. 
.Why? Because we 
} sell only t he lies', at 
_ _ ___ Reasonable Prices. 
SEED POTATOES, large fl'Hsk, rent rt i riett/. 
w Small Fruit Plants and Trees. Catalogue Free. 
FRANK FORI) .SON*, Ruvemm, Ohio. 
FVERY^th PERSON 
who sends for my 
500 Varieties 
will receive a new 
by simply naming 
Catalogue of over 
of POTATOES 
variety 
this paper. 
FREE 
G. D. HOWE, North Hadley, Mass. 
IOWA SEEDS Vuease S 
Hniulsome Catalogue. Illustrated in Colors, Free. To 
new customers we will send for trial 12 Packets Choice 
Vegetable Seeds including some novelties, for 35e. 
12 packets Choice Flower Seeds 25c. 15 packets rare and 
beautiful Flower Seeds including new Iowa Giant Pan¬ 
sy for 50c. 40 packets Choice Flower Seeds includ¬ 
ing Iowa Giant Pansy and New Moon Flower for #1.00. 
20 Choice House Plants for SI Sufe 
riety, including Moon Flower, to Choice Summer 
Flowering Bulbs—Gold Rinded Lily of Japan includ¬ 
ed, for 50c. The six collections for $8. All our seU-ctum, 
but all different- Order now. this ad won’t appear again. 
low V SEED CO., Dei Moines, Iowa. 
MAKE HENS LAY 
S heridan s condition powder is absolute¬ 
ly pure and highly concentrated. It is strictly 
a medicine to be given with food. Nothing on earth 
will make hens lay like it. It cures chicken chol¬ 
era and all diseases of hens. Illustrated book by 
mall fi-ee. Sold everywhere, or sent by mail for 
05 cts. in stamps. 2y-lb. tin cans, $1; py mail, 
$1.20. Six cans bywexpress. prepaid tor $6, 
II Johnson & Co., P. O, Box 2118, BfmtAri. Mai* 
G 
OLE’S TESTED SEED 
S 
COLE’S 11.1,VS. GARDEN AN¬ 
NUAL Free. Containing the Latest 
Novelties and Standard Varieties of Garden. Farm 
and Flower Seeds. Gardeners should have it 
before purchasing. Lowest 1‘rice*. Stock* 
pure and fresh. Address COLE »U KKO., 
Seedsmen, l’KLl.A, IOWA. 
PEERLESS DYES Sold by Dbugowst*. 
