246 
MAR 30 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
manure. The Acme for fitting the grcund I 
aDd a Michigan hoe and five-tooth cultivator 
for the cultivation. Soil clay. t. h. j. 
Jamestown, Chautauqua County.—1. I 
raise a flint corn thinking there are more of 
the fat-forming elements in it. 2. About 50 
bushels per acre. Three feet eight inches 
apart in£order tj sow Early Munich turnips 
between the rows. 4. I have never used any 
fertilizer but barn manure. My tools are 
an Albany drill for drilling in, and a Whipple 
two-borse harrow with two teeth out. I sow 
turnips in August. ' .r. e. l. 
Minaville, Montgomery County.—1. 
Longfellow eight-rowed yellow flint. The 
ears are better than in other sorts and there 
are more bushels of shelled corn in proportion 
to the ears. 2. Ordinarily from 50 to 60 
bushels of shelled corn per acre without ma¬ 
nure on sod land. 3. Three feet and a-half 
apart. 4. Manure from cows. I use W right’s 
patent one-horse cultivator, and give level 
cultivation. H. w. 
Jamaica, Queens County.—We use Blount’s 
Prolific and Mountain Giant, because they 
have large ears and large stalks. Yield, on 
an average, 70 bushels to the acre. Distance 
Ay, feet between the drills and from 12 to 15 
inches between the grains. We use mixed 
barn-yard manure. Tools used in working, 
plow, cultivator and hoe. j. t. m. 
Stockton, Chautauqua County—1. I pra 
fer King Philip, for Its adaptability to my soil 
and situation. 2. From 50 to 100 bushels, 
the yield depending on the season a good deal. 
3. Three and a half feet each way. 4. Hog, 
horse and hen manure if used with care are 
good enough. I furrow out with a shovel- 
plow and put a forkful in each hill. I use 
level culture. Phosphates do not answer with 
me nearly so well as manure. I use a shovel- 
plow for marking out the furrows and the 
Planet Jr. cultivator, with hilling teeth, to 
hill up a little the last time and I brush 
around the hill sometimes with the hoe. 
f. M. v. 
Springwater, Livingston County.—1. 
Red-Glazed white flint or Smut-nose, because 
it has small cobs, suckers little and is 
early. 2. Forty to 60 bushels per acre. 3. 
Forty inches each way. Hen manure and 
plaster in the hill. I use the Ithaca or Planet 
Jr. cultivator with five straight teeth, and 
give level culture. r. j. r. 
Ohio. 
Guysville, Athens County.—1. Learning, 
because its cob is small and it is early and its 
deep, yellow kernels with large germs make a 
very rich feed. 2. On our upland, 40 to 50 
bushels to the acre is a fair crop; on river and 
creek bottoms the yield reaches 80 bushels. 
3. We plant Learning 3 y feet each wav. We 
had a fine crop last year planted 2x4 with 
two stalks to the hill. 4. Barn-yard manure. 
I have never tried any commercial fertilizer, 
but it has not given satisfaction when used 
here. I use nothing in cultivation but a 
spring-tooth cultivator made by myself from 
the teeth from a spring-tooth harrow, five of 
which are used. This gives level culture 
during the entire growth. a. b. s. 
Marshallville, Wayne Co.— 1. I have not 
yet found my ideal field corn. I am growing 
a cross between the Golden Beauty, Learning, 
and an early, short and thick-eared yellow 
variety; all things considered, it suits me as 
well as any I have tried. 2. I use a twc-horse 
planter and make the rows tnree feet eight 
inches apart with the hills about three feet 
apart in the row. 3. I get from 45 to 70 bush¬ 
els of shelled corn per acre. 4. I obtain the 
best results from a liberal application of well- 
rotted stable manure. I aim to plow the 
ground early in the spring; then fit it ready 
for plantiug with the Acme harrow. About 
the time the corn commences to show, 1 go 
over it once or twice with a fine-toothed 
smoothing harrow. I then use the oue-borse 
Planet cultivator and work in the level system 
of cultivation. e. b. q. 
Gallipolis, Gallia County.—1. I use a 
large white corn, without name, because it 
gives more shelled than any other. 2. I think 
the yield is as high as 100 bushels per acre on 
good ground. 3. Three feet nine inches. 4. 
Only manure from the hog-pen and from the 
horse stable. I cultivate with treble-shovel 
plow with narrow shovels, as nearly level as 
possible. w. h. 
Pennsylvania. 
Johnstown, Cambria County.—I cannot 
afford to raise field corn. What I use comes 
from the West. My main products are cream, 
for ice-cream and town consumption, fruits 
and maple sirup. G. m. w. 
Bainbridge, Lancaster County.—1. I pre¬ 
fer the Learning corn, because it is early and 
productive. 2. It gives from 60 to 70 bushels 
of shelled corn per acre, 3. I plant 18 inches 
apart in the row, and the rows 39 inches 
apart. 4. I have not used anything but a 
light dressing of stable manure plowed under. 
In cultivating, a Thomas harrow is used, 
and next a one-horse shovel-harrow; then 
a two-borse scraper plow. I would prefer to 
drill in some fertilizer before I plant the corn. 
J. c. E. 
North East, Erie County.—I have two 
small farms—one on gravelly land near Lake 
Erie, and the other two miles further south 
on a hill-side. Here the soil is clay or clay- 
loam. On the first dent corn of medium size, 
with deep kernels and small cobs, yields from 
80 to 110 bushels of ears per acre. The land 
for it is manured with barn-yard manure 
with some home-made compost composed 
mostly of hen manure, wood ashes and gyp¬ 
sum, in proportion of two-fourths of the 
former and one-fourth of each of the latter. 
On the clay land a yellow eight to 10-rowed 
variety of flint corn thrives best. The treat¬ 
ment of the land is the same as in the other 
case except that some complete fertilizer, in 
addition to the ordinary manure, is drilled in 
at the rate of 200 pounds per acre after the 
ground has been well fitted for planting. 
The yield here is about the same as on the 
other farm. The corn kernels are planted 
three feet eight inches apart The tools em¬ 
ployed are the Syracuse steel beam plow, the 
Acme pulverizer, a square harrow and a 
Buckeye two-horse spring tooth cultivator. 
G. w. G. 
Brandywine Summit, Delaware County.— 
i. The corn that I bav# been growing for 
several years is a mixture of Gourd-seed and 
shallow-grain varieties, my aim being to get 
a large, lorn cob anddeepgrain. By planting 
a mixed corn 1 think the blossoming period is 
lengthened, giviug the pollen a better chance 
to fertilize the ears and making them fill bet¬ 
ter. 2. My yield, on an average, is about 75 
nushels per acre without manure. I have 
grown 106 bushels on a measured acre with 
stable manure. 3. Four feet each way. 4. 
Stable manure and good bone superphosphate. 
h. t. 
corn under general cultivation. 3. In drills 
334 to four feet apart, and 18 to 24 inches in 
the step distance, varying in accordance with 
the quality of the laud. 4. Clover and 
stable manure. I cultivate very deep until 
the corn is six or eight inches high; after that 
time I cultivate as shallow as I can to keep it 
clean. I use double Malta plows with the 
attachments. r. k. 
Riner, Montgomery County.—1. I prefer 
the Fleming yellow corn for soundness 
and early maturity. It yields on our lands, 
without fertilizer, from 40 to 60 bushels per 
acre and sometimes more, according to the 
quality of the land. I have never used any 
fertilizer on corn. I plant the grains 18 
inches apart. In cultivation 1 use Hench’s 
double-row planter and cultivator and the 
Cutaway harrow. I prepare my land in 
early winter with the Oliver chilled plow and 
plant on April 25th. w. s. s. 
Crockett's Depot, Wythe County.—1. 
Learning, because it yields as well as any. 
Yellow corn always does best with me. 2. 
From 20 to 50 bushels per acre according to 
the land. 3. 2V, x 3y feet; two stalks to a hill. 
4. I have had no experience with any fertili¬ 
zer except barn yard manure which always 
gives good results, especially on clover sod. I 
use a double-shovel plow on rough land and 
the Planet Jr. horse-hoe on smooth land in 
cultivating, and always the hand-hoe more or 
less. E. A. A. 
Wisconsin. 
Ripon, Fond du Lac County.—1. I plant 
yellow dent and Canada Smut. The yellow 
dent yields more corn to the acre and better 
todder than any other dent I have tried. The 
Smut yields as much corn and better fodder 
than the dent. 2. Yield from fifty to sixty 
bushels per acre. 3. 1 plant 111 hills forty 
inches apart each way, with from three to 
four kernels in a hill. 4. I use manures 
made on the farm—20 large loads to an acre. 
It is hauled out in the fall, spread and plowed 
under. I cultivate in spring, using a two-horse 
Monitor cultivator. j. b. 
Tennessee. 
Wartrace, Bedford County.—1. White 
Southern, Shoe-peg and Durham varieties of 
corn are raised here I prefer the first as it 
sells most readily and makes the best meal. 2 
In field culture the yield is from 50 to 80 
bushels of shelled corn per acre. 3. Three 
and a half feet each way, with two kernels in 
a hill. 4. I use no manure except on places 
inclined to “wash - ’ and there barn-yard 
manure is applied. 1 rotate with clover, 
wheat and corn, once in about six years on 
the same laud. I use the Oliver chilled 
turner, the Thomas harrow, a gopher, a one- 
horse harrow and a double shovel, t. a. s. 
Scott, Henderson County.—1. I prefer the 
Centaur corn—a dent red cob variety—be¬ 
cause it yields more shelled corn to the bushel 
of ears than any other—62 pounds to 70 
pounds of ears. 2. I think that with proper 
manuring a yield of 100 bushels per ac^e 
could be obtained. 3. We plant about three 
feet ten inches by four feet and a half apart. 
4. Very little fertilizer has been used, and not 
much stable or yard manure. j. y. m. 
Vermont. 
Clinton, Rock County.—1. Medium yel¬ 
low dent, because it is the surest to get ripe. 
2. The yield varies in different seasons. 3. 
Three feet ten inches apart each way. 4. 
We use all the stable manure we have, pro¬ 
miscuously, as we can draw it in winter. I 
have bad as good success on good heavy sod— 
either Timothy or clover—as with manure. 
I use a slanting-tooth harrow and a six-shovel 
two-horse riding cultivator. j. c. b. 
' 
THE R. N.-Y.’S LARGE YIELDS OF 
CORN IN 1880. 
report of the judges. 
Copied from the R. N.-Y. of November 
13, 1880, page 750. 
Wileiamsville, Windham County—1. I use 
the small Holden Improved, because then I 
am sure of a good growth of sound corn. 2. 
Fifty bushels of shelled corn per acre. 3. 
Generally three feet four inches both ways. 
4. Barn-yard and stable manure from cattle, 
horses and hogs. I also use the Bradley or 
Pacific Guano in the hill. Belcher & Tay¬ 
lor’s cultivator and horse-hoe are run both 
ways, and I use hand hoes when necessary. 
s. M. 
Hancock, Addison County— 1. An old vari¬ 
ety of yellow flint corn which I have raised a 
good many years. No dent variety is grown 
here because the seasons are too short. 2. 
The last corn we raised on the hill yielded 
about 40 bushels of shelled corn per acre. 
Corn is raised mostly on river land. 3. About 
three by three feet apart, and we cultivate 
both ways. The small Canada corn we raise 
on the hill is planted three by two feet and 
cultivated one way. 4. Bradley’s and Stock- 
bridge’s,mostly Bradley’s. 1 use hog and hen 
manure and ashes. Wheat, oats, buckwheat 
and potatoes are the crops mostly raised on 
our hill land. Improved tools are sadly scarce 
on most of our hill farms. e. a. f. 
Virginia. 
Peaksville, Bedford County.—1. 1 use a 
cross between the Poor-house, Mammoth and 
White Surprise corn. It is better adapted to 
our soil and climate than any I have been 
able to find, because it gives one very large 
ear to each stalk which we think better than 
two small ones, besides saving labor in husk¬ 
ing, etc. This corn has a large cob and deep 
grains, <?, From 2u to 46 bushels of shelled 
“ Report on a field of corn at Hewlett’s, 
Long Island, belonging to the R. N.-Y., made 
October 12,1880. Size of plot, 310 feet by 
122 4 or .87 of an acre of corn—Blount’s Pro¬ 
lific—sown by machine in rows four feet 
three inches apart and each single kernel in¬ 
tended to be -5 inches from its neighbor. 
Flat culture, with, as we understand, 300 
pounds of Mapes’s special corn manure har¬ 
rowed in broadcast upon planting, 100 pounds 
of the same when the corn was six inches 
high, and 100 poundsof potato fertilizer when 
about 18 inches high. From a judicious selec¬ 
tion of stooks and careful measurement and 
weighing, we find the total yield was 227 
bushel baskets of ear corn, or 261 bushels upon 
an acre. 
We also shelled and weighed a quantity 
and ascertained the gross weight of 3 % bas¬ 
kets to be 136 pounds or 35.1 pounds to one 
bushel, and further that 35 pounds of corn in 
the ear gave 28.95 pounds of gram and 6.05 of 
cob and measured 17.1 quarts. This calcula¬ 
tion showed that the equivalent of 261 bushels 
of corn on the cob was 139 4 bushels of giain 
and about three bushels or a little more which 
Mr. Carman had selected from the most pro¬ 
lific stalks, and had already placed in the 
barn, or a grand total of about 142 bushels of 
shelled corn per acre. 
Robert J. Dodge, C. E., 
Pres. Farmers’ Club, American Institute. 
W. N. Habirshaw, F. C. S., 
Chemist N. Y. State Agricultural Society. 
L. C. Benedict, 
Ffditor New York Weekly World,” 
“Upon the same day we also examined a 
field adjacent containing four and a quarter 
acres of Chester County Mammoth, and found 
from a measurement of one acre the yield to 
be 236 bushel baskets of ear corn per acre. 
Time pressing, we were unable to shell and 
weigh the net proceeds.” 
SIGNED AS ABOVE. 
THE R. N.-Y.’S SYSTEM. 
The R. N.-Y.’s system of raising large yields 
of corn in the most economical way, was an¬ 
nounced in 1877, viz.; 
1. Thorough preparation of the land. 
2. Drilling in the seed. 
3. Flat cultivation—no hilling up what¬ 
ever. 
4. The preservation of a mellow surface. 
5. Shallow cultivation, i. e., as little inter¬ 
ference with the roots as practicable while 
preserving a mellow surface. 
The Value of Corn as Food. Why 
should not corn be made a staple article of 
domestic food ? The graiu when well ground 
and bolted makes excellent meal and flour 
for cakes and bread, and if the French cook 
could invent a hundred ways of ccoking eggs, 
a thousand might be found for cooking this 
valuable grain. And yet it does not become 
popular, in spite of every effort to make it so. 
Mr. Henry Stewart says, in the N. Y. Times, 
that in the South, where corn bread is the 
staple food of the poorer people, it is discard¬ 
ed for wheat flour as soon as an unlooked-for 
and exceedingly rare dollar comes to hand 
with which this more popular “breadstuff” 
can be purchased. It is proposed by the 
New York Produce Exchange to get up a 
grand exhibit of corn for the coming Paris 
Exhibition this year and to add a kitchen for 
preparing corn foods in every known way, 
for the purpose of making them popular 
among Europeans. But why not begin at 
home ? If Americans do not use corn as their 
daily food, how can it be expected that 
foreigners can be induced to do it ? It would 
certainly be most desirable that our exports 
of corn should be increased “fifty-told,” as 
is thought possible by some persons if this 
scheme shall be carried out. But it should 
not be forgotten that an enormous area of 
land in Southern Europe is suitable for grow¬ 
ing corn, and if Europeans can be induced to 
make it a common food every bushel required 
by them can be produced on their own lands. 
So that, after all, we may not be able to get 
any tangible benefit from this laudable en¬ 
terprise... 
MULTUM IN PARVO. 
Keep the surface of the corn field mellow , 
let the season be wet or dry . 
If one proposes to use only two or three 
hundred pounds of fertilizer on corn, it is 
best to mix it with the soil in the hill to “give 
the plants a start.” It is perhaps better to do 
this than to sow so small a quantity broadcast, 
in which case the older plants will receive 
scarcely any perceptible benefit. . . 
We doubt if fresh farm manure is to any 
great extent serviceable to the corn plant, 
when applied in the spring. 
In 1879 tho R. N.-Y. offered a large amount 
in prizes for the best yields of Blount’s White 
Prolific. The first prize was awarded to Dr. 
W. H. Chamberlain, of Medina, N. Y. He 
planted 100 kernels (the number planted by 
each contestant) and raised therefrom 295 
pounds as sworn to. .... 
Should we strive for one large ear to a 
stalk, or two? The R. N.-Y.’s experience is 
that generally the one large ear will give as 
much grain as tho two which, as a rule, are 
not over half the size. Let us say that 
Blount’s Prolific (so-called) will yield two ears 
to a stalk. These two ears will not give so 
much grain as one average ear of the Chester 
County Mammoth or similar late Southern 
dents.. 
The average weight of corn is about five 
ounces to the ear. It should be at least eight 
ounces. 
How far apart the coni plants should stand 
must be answered by each farmer for him¬ 
self. The richness of the soil and the kind to 
be planted must, in the main, be the deter¬ 
mining factors. 
Replanted corn does not, as a rule, bear 
large ears. The reason is that the plants are 
too much shaded by the earlier plants. It is 
like raising corn under the shade of a tree.... 
The valuable elements of corn are starch, 
sugar, gluten and oil. Southern corn con¬ 
tains most starch. White corn contaius 
about 70 per cent, of starch. Sugar corn has 
blit little starch uni} tuis is tho cause of its 
