340 
MAY 46 
Ciicnmj. 
OU» FIRST FARMERS’ INSTITUTE. 
BY WM. ROSS. 
CHAPTER VI. 
T HE institute boom was now well up, and 
there was nothing to do but to beep it 
booming. Without saying anything about it, 
President Bark volunteered to attend to adver¬ 
tising the institute himself. He had had some 
experience in this line, and he brought this 
into use now, with any new ideas he might pick 
up. The National election, with its excite¬ 
ment over, the editors were all very willing 
to get items, with which to spice up their col¬ 
umns, that did not cost them any labor of 
their own. Each week there appeared in all 
the papers more or less laconic items in refer¬ 
ence to the farmers’ institute, setting forth 
the time of meeting; the character of an insti¬ 
tute; the names of speakers assigned; prais¬ 
ing their qualities, and their standing; the 
importance of institutes; what could be 
learned; who should attend,inviting the ladies. 
Every new feature was promptly given; 
and the nearer the time of meeting approach¬ 
ed, the more of them appeared till it almost 
appeared that the supply was inexhaustible. 
All these went into the papers a3 ocal news 
items, scattered over the home-news page, so 
that no person could read very much on that 
page without running upon something about 
the farmers’ institute. The people soon got to 
thinking that there must be something won¬ 
derfully nice about an institute, when all the 
papers were praising it so, and soon every¬ 
body seemed to be talking institute. The 
total cost of advertising was two dollars. 
Nothing occurred to mar the harmony till 
within a week of the institute, Sec. Toes re¬ 
ceived the following letter from Mr. Brown; 
Oxford, O., Jan. —, 18—. 
Mr. Toes, 
Dear Sir: Mr. Bonham has changed my ap¬ 
pointment and will send John Gould to your 
institute, in my place. Respectfully, 
w. F. BROWN. 
Frank came to town, and met Bark, who 
was just leaving the office of the only news¬ 
paper that would be out before the institute 
met, where he had left an unusual supply of 
institute locals, praising the eminent speak¬ 
ers, etc., as usual. Frank handed him the let¬ 
ter and unburdened his mind of certain ex- 
postulatory sentiments, while Bark read it, 
and reflected a little. 
“Let's go into the office and see Clarence,” 
said Bark. 
“ We don’t want Gould,” said Frank. “If 
they had sent him here at the start it would ’a 
bin all right, but we’ve worked this institute 
up for Mr. Brown, and now we want Brown, 
or nobody. We’ll write right up to Bonham 
and tell him we don’t waut Gould.” 
“Oh! that won’t do! ” said President Bark. 
“ Bonham can do as he pleases, and on the 
principle that ‘ beggars should not be choos¬ 
ers,’ we’d betcer not insult the Institute Com¬ 
mittee or we’ll get nobody sure.” 
“ We’re not beggars in this thing: we pay 
our taxes as well as other people,” said Frank; 
“ Gould’s subjects are all dairy subjects, and 
we are not running the dairy business here. 
We’ve been telling the people that Brown 
would be here, and they'll think we’ve been 
lying to them, and I don’t propose to stand it.” 
“ You can say what you please to these fel¬ 
lows, on paper,” said Mr. Grady; “ aud they’ll 
just turn round and laugh at you, and then 
do as they please.” 
“ I think those speakers are sent at the ex¬ 
pense of the Board of Agriculture, and not 
much, if any, of the money, perhaps, is raised 
by taxes, and I think we will do better not to 
be too fast.” replied Bark. “ This is awfully 
aggravating, I know, when we’ve everything 
in good shape to have it all knocked wrong— 
too late to right it too. But I think if we 
write a genteel piotest to Mr. Bonham, it will 
be better.” 
“They were very particular about us ask¬ 
ing a change,’’said Frank, “but it’s no trouble 
for them to make a change and ruin us, when 
they want to.” 
“I’ll write a letter,” said Mr. Grady, going 
to the desk and getting pen and paper; “Now 
what do you want me to write ?” he asked 
Mr. Bark. 
“Well, just write that the change in speak¬ 
ers at this late date, is very unsatisfactory, as 
we have no chance now to satisfy the people, 
and they’ll think we’ve been fooling them, 
and Mr. Gould’s subjects are not so popular 
here as Mr. Brown’s, or something to that 
effect.” 
Mr. Grady wrote the letter; 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
“I think that’s strong enough,” said Bark. 
“I think so too,” replied Clarence. 
“Well, that’s all right,” said Frank. 
They felt the chagrin too keenly to make 
any corrections in the paper above referred 
to, as that would do but little good, and pos¬ 
sibly might do harm, for no one knew how 
many there might be, like Toes, that wanted 
Brown or nobody. It was thought the proper 
thing to do was to wait developments, and 
make a public explanation at the institute, if 
necessary, exonerating the local committee, 
which could easily be done. 
Fearing, however, that the protest might be 
construed to mean too much, Mr. Bark sent a 
letter so as to meet the speakers on their way, 
stating, that if the change had to be, we 
wanted Mr. Gould, and wanted him badly. 
CHAPTER VII. 
On the opening morning of the institute 
some of the managers met the speakers at the 
station. After the usual self-introductions, 
Mr. Brown was introduced. 
“You received a letter from me, I suppose,” 
said Mr. Brown, “that I was not coming, but 
I afterwards received a telegram for me to 
come on and fill my appointments out here.” 
“We are very glad you did,” said Mr. Bark, 
“ for there would have been quite a disap¬ 
pointment if you had not come.” 
As the people in general heard nothing 
about the late unpleasantness, none but the 
managers had to undergo a change of feeling ) 
and soon all were feeling good again. 
Tne New Agreement choir came. The Pres¬ 
ident gave the leader certain signs by which 
he would know when to prepare to sing. 
Promptly at the hour set, the institute was 
called to order. 
Mr. Edwards saw “ more than he expect¬ 
ed for the bar soon filled up. 
The choir sang “ Praise Ye the Lord,” 
A minister read, and invoked a blessing on 
the institute. 
The choir again rose and sang. 
A short welcome address was delivered ex 
tempore. 
Here was an oversight already apparent. 
There were no means provided to catch speech¬ 
es “ on the fly.” 
The President replied, in behalf of the In¬ 
stitute, in well chosen words, to disseminate 
the very best of feeling, among the residents 
of the town and the farmers, who may attend 
the institute. 
Mr. Brown addressed the assembly on“ Far¬ 
mers’ Clubs.” 
The choir immediately rose and sang “Don’t 
Leave the Farm, Boys.” 
There being no response to the first topic in 
the programme, the second was called. 
“How to Retain Fertility in the Soil.” The 
local talent came out on this with vim. The 
hour to adjourn came, and the choir was 
ready to sing again, but the discussion went 
on. At last the President said “ Gentlemen 
the hour for adjournment has come, the choir 
may hold their piece for opening.” 
“ Let them sing now and then at opening 
too,” said somebody in the audience. 
(To be Continued.) 
MAGAZINE NOTICES. 
T HE CENTURY for May devotes consid¬ 
erable space to Samoa, which is a sub¬ 
ject of peculiar interest at the present 
time. Harvey W. Whitaker who has made a 
prolonged visit to these islands gives a very 
entertaining aud instructive description of 
their situation and importance, their govern¬ 
ment, religion, language, customs, etc. The 
Samoans are very hospitable, polite and hon¬ 
est, are a fun-loving people,aud very fond of 
singing, dancing, and aquatic sports. Their 
principal occupations are fishing, collecting 
copra, planting taro, cultivating fruits, and 
making cloth from the inner bark of the mul¬ 
berry tree. The article is profusely illustrat¬ 
ed with views of different parts of the islands, 
the United States consulate at Apia, houses 
and canoes, and a very good illustration of 
King Malietoa and a native orator. 
Our relations to Samoa are also discussed 
by George H. Bates, the commissioner sent to 
Samoa by the United States in 1886. This 
country possesses treaty rights of the utmost 
value, including the opportunity to control 
the most magnificent harbor in the Pacific, 
the loss of which to the British Empire was 
long ago bewailed by the most intelligent 
Englishmen. The Tuscarora’s Mission to 
Samoa is also given by Henry Erben. 
Other interesting articles are Roby’s Chris¬ 
tian Charity; Round About Jerusalem, pro¬ 
fusely illustrated; Salome Muller, a story of 
Louisiana; A Ride Through the Trans- 
Baikal; Tom’s Strategy, a Negro story; Rec¬ 
ollections of Jean Francois Millet, with por¬ 
trait, and specimens of his drawings; The 
Monasteries of Ireland; The Western Soldier, 
and others. The papers on Abraham Lincoln 
are continued, giving a history of occurrences 
during the most exciting period of the Civil 
War. 
The Pansy for May, is as bright and 
cheery as the flower from which it is named, 
and will give a world of pleasure to the young 
people.for whose benefit it is published. 
CATALOGUES ETC., RECEIVED. 
S TEEL CASE REVERSIBLE LEVER 
PRESSES.—The elaborate catalogue of 
P?!K. Dederick & Co. of Albany, N.Y.,contains a 
full description of the latest thing in hay press¬ 
es. It seems to the R. N. ■ Y. that the steel press 
shown at Fig. 119, is destined to revolutionize 
the hay-baling business. The use of the steel 
case enables the manufacturers to make a 
press that is smaller, lighter, stronger and 
more durable than the wooden presses of 
former years. The press that we show is a 
great favorite with farmers aud small balers. 
It may be driven by steam or water power, 
tread or lever horse power, or, in fact, by any¬ 
thing that will communicate power by belt. 
It can be worked in any part of a building 
and its compact size enables it to fit intomany 
a convenient place that a larger press would 
not enter. Further particulars regarding 
this press are given on page 344. For full in¬ 
formation our readers are referred to Deder- 
ick’s catalogue. 
* “Strictly Genuine Steel Roofing”— 
Catalogue from the Kanneberg Roofing Co., 
Canton, Ohio. This pamphlet is designed to 
show, in a comprehensive manner, the various 
uses to which this roofing can be put. It is a 
bright and reliable pamphlet which can be 
easily understood. The goods made by this 
house will be found first-class in every re¬ 
spect. 
Eureka Mower Company, Utica, N. Y. 
—The Eureka differs from all other mowing 
machines in that the cutter-bar is directly be¬ 
hind the horses. This enables a team of 
horses to handle the six-foot-cut with ease. 
The circulars sent out by this company are 
very handsome, and illustrated so that any 
one can see at a glance the points of excel¬ 
lence which characterize the Eureka. (Send 
for them. 
Whitman Agricultural Company, St. 
Louis, Mo. —Circular of hay, straw, wool 
and cotton presses. The Whitman presses are 
used in all parts of this country and a large 
number of them have been exported. The 
Belt Power machine is the most perfect yet 
invented. The Full Circle Steel press is one 
of the marvels of the century. The Horse 
Lever press is used everywhere. It is claimed 
that the Whitman presses have taken the 
first prize wherever exhibited. Send for the 
circular. 
George Ertel & Co., Quincy, III.— 
Circular of their Automatic Folder Double- 
Acting Perpetual hay and straw press. This 
circular contains a largo number of testimo¬ 
nials which go to show that the Ertel Victor 
gives unbounded satisfaction in that it is one 
of the best presses made. Send for this hand¬ 
some 32-page catalogue. 
Acme Hay Harvester Co., Peoria, III. 
- Circular of the “ Acme” Hay Stacker and 
Sweep Rakes. It is claimed that these imple¬ 
ments will enable one man and two boys to 
put up 30 tons of hay in one day. Send for 
this circular and otber information concern¬ 
ing the gathering and bunching of hay. 
“The American” Hay Tedder.— Circu¬ 
lar from the Ames Flow Company, Boston, 
Mass. This is a good tedder and will doubt¬ 
less satisfy those who use it. 
On the Production of Lean Meat in 
Mature Animals.— In bulletin No. 5 of the 
Experiment Station, at Cornell University, 
we are given the results of a very interesting 
experiment. As every one knows, who buys 
pork, it is exceedingly difficult to obtain lean 
meat. The pork for sale in the markets and 
at the stores is all too fac. A few days ago 
the writer tried to buy a piece of lean pork 
to be used with baked beans, but it was im¬ 
possible to find a piece containing more than 
a mere streak of lean. This fact is so plainly 
evident that it is not at all strange that some 
of the wisest of our agricultural scientists 
have put themselves to the task of proving 
that lean pork is a profitable possibility. 
Professors Henry, Sanborn and Roberts 
have conclusively shown that the relation 
between the lean and the fat in the carcass of 
young animals may be varied by varying the 
relation between the nitrogenous and car¬ 
bonaceous matters in the ration fed. That is 
to say, the feeder has it in his power to in¬ 
crease the proportion of lean meat in pork 
when he can start with the young pig. But 
many persons have insisted that the same dif¬ 
ference could not be produced in the mature 
animal whose muscles have been formed. 
Prof. Roberts determined to test this point 
and the result of his test appears in this bul- 
etin. 
Two grade Yorkshire sows, three and four 
years old—one the mother of the other—were 
selected for the experiment. These were 
much alike in flesh and general condition. 
One was slaughtered at once and her carcass 
cut up and rendered so that the total weight 
of bones, fat, protein, etc., etc., could be deter¬ 
mined. The other was fed for 143 days on a 
ration designed to supply all tli9 nitrogenous 
or “ lean-making ” food she would eat. At 
first this ration consisted of four pounds of 
wheat bran, two pounds of cotton-seed meal 
aud two pounds of shelled corn per day. 
After a few days’ feeding the sow refused to 
eat so rich a ration and the cotton-seed meal 
was lessened. She would take hardly any for 
a time, but at last she was induced to eat one- 
half a pound per day. During the entire 
period she ate 327% pounds of bran, 83 pounds 
of cotton-seed meal and 247 pounds of corn. 
The following table gives the result of the 
test. No. 1 is the sow that was killed before 
feeding, and No. 2 the one that was fed for the 
production of lean meat. 
No 1. NO 2. 
Live weight. 207. 296. 
Dressed weight Including kidneys. 181. 2M. 
Rones, lbs. 18. 16.63 
Total protein matter, lbs. 18.10 09.09 
Total fat. lbs... . 16.70 48.29 
Per cent, prorein in carcass. 18.82 28. 
Per cent, fat in carcass. 12.75 22 89 
Per cent, dressed to live weight... 63,29 71,28 
It is seen from this that the special feeding 
resulted in a large increase of lean meat— 
protein. In hog No. 1 there was but about 
14 per cent, of lean meat, while hog No. 2 
showed 28 per cent. To make the matter still 
plainer, we give at figures 117 and 118 pictures 
of the meat from the hog fed for lean meat 
aud that from some hogs sold in the Ithaca 
market. These hogs were fattened by farmers 
in the ordinary way, largely on corn alone, 
and were about the same age as the experi¬ 
ment hog. The meat from the specially fed 
hog is shown at the top of each picture, the 
two lower cuts in each engraving are from 
hogs as offered for sale in the market. We 
are not giving any figures as to the compar¬ 
ative cost of this lean meat. Speaking from 
the customers’ standpoint, we can only say 
that we would willingly pay an extra price 
for meat like that shown in the upper cuts. 
We know that there are enough more of the 
same mind to warrant a farmer in making a 
business of producing such pork. 
A. A. Marks, 701 Broadway, N. Y.— 
Circular of Artificial Limbs with Rubber 
Hands and Feet. The enormous increase in 
the number of accidents at railroad crossings 
has resulted in a large demand for artificial 
limbs. This increased demand has led to 
many improvements, chief of which are the 
rubber hands and feet. A number of the vic¬ 
tims of last winter’s blizzard were supplied 
with artificial limbs; one of them, Miss Lois 
M. Royce, writes: 
“ The artificial feet fit so far admirably 
and I walk very well with them. I walked to 
the carriage this afternoon just by taking 
hold of my father’s arm,” 
Standard Hay Tools.— Catalogue from 
the United States Wind Engine & Pump Co., 
Batavia, Ill. The hay carrier and fork made 
by this company will be found well worthy a 
trial. A most complete outfit of horse hay 
tools can be furnished, aud the company tike 
pride in producing the best that cau be made. 
Besides the hay tools will be found a descrip¬ 
tion of the famous Halliday pumping mill, 
with tanks and pumps of all sizes. A good 
house to deal with. 
m 
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prevented by Cuticura soap. .Atl 
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