4888 
THE RURAL WIW-VORKER. 
HAY. 
(Continued from Page 330.) 
pounds of seed per acre in oats. This season 
he intends to seed more ground by sowing the 
seed in rye, and using the rye for soiling, 
which will leave the ground to the Alfalfa as 
soon as it is large enough to need all of the 
space. The rye will shade the young plants 
and protect them from the wind which in¬ 
jures the plants when young if the ground is 
left smooth, and there is nothing to protect 
them. This injury by the wind is probably 
due to the fact that there are very few fine 
roots to hold the plants in place when young. 
The single, thread-like root that each plant 
sends straight down, is not sufficient to keep 
it from being twisted and injured by the 
wind. 
Some have advanced the idea that Alfalfa 
is especially adapted to sandy soil. To is is 
true, no/loubt, but it is also true that this 
plant will appreciate good, rich, heavy soil as 
well as any other plant of this nature. 
An acre of Alfalfa was sown on the college 
farm last season on a piece of ground where 
sand predominates. It came up nicely and 
made a fair growth during the season, al¬ 
though the dry weather in August killed some 
of it where the soil was most saudy. It did 
not come through the dry weather any better 
than our common clover. I would recom¬ 
mend more than 20 pounds of seed rather than 
less. When sowed thinly, it grows too coarse 
and rank and will not make bay of as good 
quality as if it had been sown more thickly. 
Bulletin No. 47, Michigan Experiment Station, 
gives some notes on Alfalfa which is being 
grown on the farm. h. t. f. 
Agricultural Col leg 3. 
FROM NEW JERSEY. 
The grasses grown by us are Timothy and 
Red clover. We generally sow on wheat or 
rye. I have always favored early cutting. I 
believe the liay is better relished by the stock 
and it is certainly more nutritious. To secure 
our hay crop all in due season, we must com¬ 
mence cutting early. Every one uses a mower, 
horse-rake and horse hay-fork whenever it is 
possible. We also use a hay tedder to assist 
in curing the crop. 
Asa general rule,we seed down once in five 
years; sometimes ouce in four years, with 
wheat or rye—Timothy in the fall, at tbe 
time of sowing grain; clover in the spring, 
generally during March. 
Ours is a good hay country; but it is diffi¬ 
cult to state the average yield. Last year I 
cut of clover and Timothy, mixed, rising two 
tons per acre, and of Timothy about 2 1-2 
tons. 
The productiveness of our section in grass 
was much increased by the application of 
sand marl; but ot late years fertilizers are 
taking the place of marl. 
We have not used any marls for 13 years— 
aud are producing larger crops of hay than at 
any lormer period. By making and usiug all 
the yard manure we can, and liberally add¬ 
ing chemical fertilizers, we can grow maxi¬ 
mum crops ot grass when the conditions of 
moisture are right. Where we mow more 
than two years, we always top-dress in the 
spring, and by so doing we have in some cases, 
doubled our yield of hay. The manures 
should be applied as early in Match as we can 
get on our fields. It’s wonderful what a 
change is produced by those spring applica¬ 
tions. d, c. L. 
Middlesex_County. 
FROM PENNSYLVANIA. 
1. Clover and Timothy are used here for 
hay. The crop is cut early before the seed 
tills, because the hay r seems to give better re¬ 
sults when fed on the farm aud sells better in 
market, and we get a better after-growth to 
protect the meadows in winter. 
2 . I prefer the Eureka mower which is 
growing in favor; but I think the majority 
use the new model Buckeye. There ate many 
other machines in use. The Tiger rake is 
most used, and single and double harpoon 
forks. 
3. We re-seed ouce in three or four years 
without any grain crop, generally e^rly in 
March. 
4. The average yield is about one ton per 
acre. Farm manure is chiefly used. 
5. Farmers are beginning to experiment 
with now grasses. 
0 . Productiveness is best increased by plow¬ 
ing and seeding often, top-dressing iu autumn 
with farm manure, and never pasturing 
meadows. Of late I have been raising one 
crop of grain or potatoes, then 1 have plowed 
and harrowed the ground late in the fall, and 
sowed it to clover and Timothy in March. 
In this way I have succeeded in keeping 
clover two winters on ground so clayey and 
wet that a fence post will not stand more 
than three or four years. L. w. mc e. 
Wilawana. 
1. We grow for hay mostly Timothy and 
clover. We cut clover early if a crop of seed 
is expected, and Timothy when in full bloom. 
2. The Champion and Mc Cormick mowers 
are the favorites. Hay rakes of different 
kinds are used,the Tiger being considered one 
of the best. We use hay carriers of several 
kinds; the King’s Improved is one of the best. 
Hay tedders and loaders have not come into 
general use. 
3. We generally seed down after a rotation 
of corn, oats and wheat. The grass seed is 
sown with the wheat. Timothy is sown 
in the fall along with the w'heat; clover in 
the spring from about April 1 to 15. 
4. The average yield per acre is probably 
about 1 1-2 to two tons. Barn-yard manure 
has been the stand-by,but commercial fertili¬ 
zers are giving good results and are rapidly 
coming into general use. Lime is also used, 
but is not considered much of an enricher of 
the soil, but on land where it has not been 
used to excess it will give enormous crops of 
grass and especially of clover. 
5. No new grasses have been tried in this 
vicinity. As substitutes for our ordinary 
kinds, Hungarian grass, millet aud fodder 
corn are generally used. 
0. We think the best way to increase the 
fertilizer applied with the drill at the same 
time the wheat is put in. 
5. No new grasses or substitutes for old kinds 
are used. 
0. A good application of stable manure, or 
a mixture of rock and bone applied early in 
the spring is one of the best way's to increase 
productiveness. H. T. 
Delaware County. 
FROM MISSOURI. 
Timothy and clover are the main grasses 
used for hay here, with some little prairie 
grass saved by a few yet, and some Red-top. 
Timothy is more in use than any other, and 
most of the farmers mix clover at the rate of 
three parts of Timothy to one of clover, and 
if they do not pasture too closely in the fall, 
in a short time the clover will take the 
meadow, as I never saw clover freezing and 
heaving out of the ground as it does on clay 
lands. Red-top is but little used and when it 
gets started in a meadow it is hard to kill out. 
Prairie hay is counted the most wholesome 
hay for horses, but more grain should be used 
with it. I favor early cutting for Timothy. 
I want to commence to cut as soon as most of 
the blooms have fallen off, and I begin to cut 
clover when about one-half the blooms havo 
turned brown. Prairie hay may be cut any 
time between the middle of August aud the first 
of October, as it keeps growing till frrst 
comes. My reason for the early cutting of hay 
is that the substance is in the stem then, and 
has not gone to the grain. After it has done 
this, the stem becomes woody and the seed 
shatters off aud we lose the best of the hay. 
STEEL CASE REVERSIBLE LEVER PRESS. Fig. 119. 
hay crop is to have the land well drained, 
plow deep, harrow once, so as to level the 
ground, and then apply from 100 ti 200 bush¬ 
els of stone lime per acre, as there is mostly 
plenty of orgauic matter in tbe meadows for 
the lime to act upon. Of course, barn-yard 
manure is beneficial in almost any quantity, 
and an application of commercial fertilizer 
every spring will be found of great benefit. 
Fannettsburg. r. w. mc a. 
1. In this section clover and Timothy are 
the principal grasses grown for hay. The 
best time in my experience for cutting clover 
is when about half of the heads have turned 
brown. Timothy should be cut just after the 
blossoms have dropped; if cut earlier, the 
hay will have have a bitter taste when cured; 
if left later it [will be hard and woody; iu 
either,case the stock will not relish it so that 
there will be a waste iu feeding. 
2. Of mowers we use almost as many kinds 
as there are makes. I prefer t he Eureka direct 
draft; it is light-running, considering the 
width of the cut, (six feet) aud easy to operate 
and it leaves the grass iu good shape to dry. 
Other tools in general use are the Bul ard hay 
tedder, the Tiger horse-rake, the double har- 
pcou hay fork, with a carrier at the top of the 
barn for unloading by horse power. 
3. We follow the four-year rotation: drst, 
corn, next oats, followed iu the fall by wheat 
or rye, the Timothy being sown at the same 
time and the clover the following spring 
among the growing wheat, to be cut the fol¬ 
lowing year for hay. The first cutting is 
priucipally clover, the next year mixed hay, 
the third year the clover will have about all 
disappeared, leaving the pure Timothy. 
4. The average yield per acre is about 1 
ton, varying much iu accordance with the 
condition of the soil and the stand of grass. 
Manure is seldom used for the grass alone, it 
being dependent ou tbe manure used on the 
wheat—mostly stable manure, with from 200 
to 400 pounds of some kind of commercial 
The best mowers manufactured are in use 
here, and spring tooth hay rakes, and the 
largest farmers use two-horse rakes that 
take the hay from the swath, haul it 
to the stack-yard aud deliver it to the 
bay stacker which throws it on the stack. 
With two such rakes and a hay-stacker and six 
men they can stack from 20 to 25 acres per 
day. The hay-fork is used considerably also, 
and some cut and shock their hay aud use ropes 
aud a horse to haul the hay from the shccks to 
the stack or barn. There is no regular date 
for changing meadows, as they appear to stBiid 
for several years, aud do as well all through as 
when first staited. I have a Timothy and 
clover meadow that has been set for at least 
12 years, and last year it did as well as any 
other year, or better. I have had the be.-t re¬ 
sults by seeding with oats, sowing tbe seed 
immediately after sowiug the oats. Most of 
the farmers here sow the ground to oati or 
millet aud then sow the Timothy seed as early 
in September as possible, and the clover seed 
the next spring. Red-top will seed at any 
time, aud we get more of it than we want, and 
guard against it all we can. The yield per 
acre is affected by the season more than by any 
other cause. Last year considerable giound 
made about two tons per acre, but that was a 
good hay year. We might count on about one 
and a half ton per acre as au average. Consid¬ 
erable millet is sown here for hay for cattle. 
What is known as the comiuou or dwarf and 
the German millets are used exclusively, aud 
they are sown about from corn planting time 
till the first of July, and cut for hay about 
the time the seeds are aliout half formed or in 
the milk state, and handled as other hay. 
The yield is from one to three tons per acre. 
King City. a. s. m. 
Pi.occUaufou.si ^lUerti.aing. 
DENIKIN t w - B. Lord, Att’y, Washington, D. C. 
rhltlUHli Success or no Fee. 
THE OUNCE OF PREVENTION. 
Under the above heading the New York 
World of Feb. 10th, contains an editorial, of 
which the following are a few extracts: 
‘•Physicians and unprofessional men of sense 
agree that if people would take a little of the 
pains to prevent disease that they do to have 
it cured, the civilized world would be 
much less like a vast hospital than it is now. 
* * * * But the idea of a regular and 
stated physical examination, even of persons 
who are apparently well, is an excellent one. 
The approaches of pulmonary complaints, kid¬ 
ney troubles, and many of the other ills that 
flesh is heir to, are so insidious as not to he 
apparent to their victim. * * * * i a 
nothing is it truer than in disease that ‘ an 
ounce of prevention is worth a pound of 
cure.’ ” 
There is a great deal of wisdom in wbat the 
World remarks. Individuals, as a rule, do 
not give their physical welfare attention, and 
it is only when alarmed by the presence of 
disease itself—the consciousness of failing 
strength—that attention is given to such mat¬ 
ters. 
Much has been said and written in recent 
years concerning the extreme and oftentimes 
fatal danger which results from delay in tbe 
treatment af kidney diseases. 
Physicians admit that they cannot control 
advanced disease in those organs, and it is 
doubtful whether they can control it in any 
stage without the assistance ot Warner’s Safe 
Cure, which is established as the only kuown 
means which will reliably prevent and cure 
this class of disease. 
Besides, it has teen definitely ascertained 
that kidney disease is the real cause of ill- 
health in most cases where consumption, heart, 
brain or nervous disorders are supposed to ex¬ 
ist, and in consequence of such belief many 
fatal mistakes have been committed by our 
best physicians in treating such disorderswhich 
are but thesymptoms of tie disease, whilst tbi y 
have allowed the real disease—disease of the 
kidneys—to escape their notice until too late. 
There is no safer or surer way by which 
health can be preserved and disease averted 
than the occasional use of Warner’s Safe Cure, 
which will benefit the “engines of life,”— 
the kidneys, even if they are in a normally 
healthy state; while the good that will result 
in case disease is threatened, or is already 
present, cannot be over-estimated. 
The mcst careful examination made by a 
skillful physician sometimes is unreliable, 
since this class of disease is extremely decep¬ 
tive, and seldom openly manifests iiself until 
the unsuspecting sufferer is beyond assistance. 
Ease, Comfort and Thrift l 
THE BEST CATTLE FASTENING. 
Smith’s Self-Adjusting Swing StranchionI 
The only practical SWING STRANCHION Invented 
Thousands In use. Illustrated Circular free. 
F. U. PARSONS CO.. Addison, Steuben Co.. N. Y 
SHIPMAN 
AUTOMATIC STEAM ENGINES! 
OIL FOR FU EL. 
For Primers, Steam Yachts pumping water, sawing 
wood, making lee cream. Carpeuiers, Mechanics. I 
to a H. P. Fuel, kerosene. No Dust. Automatic 
In fuel aud water supply. Illustrated Catalogue free. 
8ILIP3IAN ENGINE t O., 
9‘i Pearl Street. Boston, Mass. 
itl A COM BEK’S CORN & BEAN PLANTER 
Best and Cheapest on earth. Send for Circulars. 
S. M. MACoMBFK, Adams. Grand Isle Co.. Vt. 
) A. C. STOPPARD, N. Brookfield, Mass, 
uen l Agents, | gouoss Bros, i Co., Chicago, IU. 
dccdi rcc nvcc Are ih « best. 
■ CCnLLOo U!C8 SulbitDmiww*! 
