4889 
THE BUBAL NEW-YOBKEB. 
less dug within a short time many of them 
will be found entirely decayed when harvest¬ 
ed. Sometimes the loss in’ the field may 
amount to a third or even one-half of the 
crop. This condition of affairs is bad enough, 
but the work of destruction does not cease 
here, for the disease continues—that is, the 
fungus continues to grow in the tubers, after 
they are harvested and stored in the pits or 
cellars. This growth is accelerated by warm 
and moist surroundings and placed in such 
circumstances, the disease progresses rapidly. 
The Life History of the potato-rot fun 
gus, briefly stated, is as follows, starting with 
the spores: The spores, lighting upon the 
leaves of the potato germinate in drops of 
dew or rain, and the product of germination 
—the zoospores—penetrate to the interior 
tissues of the plant, and after growing for a 
time through these tissues, the mycelium sends 
out, chiefly from the under surface of the 
leaves, slender, fruiting branches whereon 
are produced a new crop of spores. These 
may carry the disease to the other plants in 
the field, or to other parts of the same plant; 
that is, they may serve to spread the disease in 
the tops, which we term blight, over the en¬ 
tire field, or by being washed into the ground 
they may reach the tubers and cause the rot. 
At a temperature of 80 degrees and up¬ 
wards, the vitality of the spores is quickly de¬ 
stroyed. -In fact, it has been found possible 
to destroy the vitality of the mycelium in the 
infected tubers by keeping them for a few 
hours at a temperature of from 105 degrees to 
110 degrees, a degree of heat which does not 
injure their value for seed. In this way, po¬ 
tatoes designed for seed, but suspected of con¬ 
taining the mycelium of the rot-fungus, may 
be thoroughly disinfected, and the most im¬ 
portant source of danger to the growing crop 
will be thus eliminated. 
It often happens that the greatest loss from 
rot occurs after the potatoes are dug, and one 
cannot be over-careful in the matter of storage 
if he would preserve his crop from loss. 
They should be kept at a comparatively low 
and even temperature, and especially where 
no dampness will collect about them. Dust¬ 
ing the potatoes with dry, air-slaked lime, 
at the rate of one bushel of the latter to 25 of 
the former, will help to keep them surface- 
dry and materially aid in their preservation. 
Briefly. Select for planting a light, sandy 
loam or a soil which is well drained; plant 
only perfectly sound or disinfected seed; 
spray the tops with the Bordeaux Mixture or 
some preparation containing sulphate of 
copper; store in a cool, dry place, and keep 
dry. 
give her generous food, abundance of fresh 
water, and everything her heart longs for but 
a nest. Don’t let her be lonely. Give her for 
a companion a strong, vigorous, attentive 
cockerel. Under such associations and with 
such companionship the most obdurate, per¬ 
sistent sitter will forget her broodiness in a 
few days, and be ready to be transferred to 
her old home. This plan is not so effective as 
that of the R. N.-Y. though possibly more 
considerate. The R. N.-Y.’s way is to place 
the hen in a yard with a harmless dog. 
Our contributor P. H. Jacobs, says that the 
“ Red-Caps are persistent layers, non-sitters, 
and, so far, are favorites with those who have 
tried them. It is a curious fact that in every 
case those who have opposed the Red-Caps 
are parties who never bred them. The Eng¬ 
lish consider them the best of all layers.”.... 
As Readers of the R. N.-Y. are aware, 
we have bred Red-Caps f#r two years and the 
strain is a very fine one too. They are beau¬ 
tiful birds, rather small, it is true. But they 
lay well and the egg is of fair size. Our main 
objection to them is their painfully large 
combs. 
Lovett’s White is the name of a new 
peach which is said to have yielded annually 
in certain Eastern States where most other 
varieties have failed. It Is claimed that it is 
the hardiest white peach yet produced. Its 
season is very late. The color is a pure white; 
size very large; it is a long keeper; the quality 
is sweet and excellent. The flesh parts from 
the pit perfectly. 
The Good is said to be a handsome, valu¬ 
able new peach as large as Crawford’s Late. 
It is said to come true from seed. 
Parker Earle of Cobden, Ill., remarks 
Mr. C. A. Green, in building a fence around 
his young orchards, several years ago, tried 
many plans for preserving the posts. Hav¬ 
ing occasion to remove the fence last winter 
he noted the condition of the posts as follows: 
Those set with no preparation were decayed 
an inch or more in thicknees; those coated 
with a thick wash of lime were better pre¬ 
served, but were quite seriously attacked by 
worms; those posts coated with hot tar 
were as perfectly sound as when put in the 
ground; those painted with petroleum and 
kerosene were equally as sound and as good 
for setting. Let the posts get thoroughly dry 
and then, with a pan of cheap kerosene and a 
whitewash brush, give the lower third of the 
post, the part to go into the ground, two or 
three applications of the oil, letting it soak in 
each time. Posts so treated, he says, will not 
be troubled by worms or insects of any kind, 
but will resist decay to a remarkable degree. 
This he finds to be the simplest, easiest, cheap¬ 
est and best method of preservation. 
For market purposes, among plums Mr. gov. Hoard says in his Dairyman (Wis- 
Charles A. Green mentions the Bradshaw, I C ousin) that common field corn, if rightly 
which is a large early purple variety, of fair I handled, will make more milk, ton for ton, 
quality, that always sells well. The tree is a I than ordinary Timothy hay. Yet farmers 
thrifty upright grower, and comparatively destroy nearly all its feeding value in three 
free from the black-knot. I ways: 1. They allow it to become too ripe 
Smith’s Orleans is of good size and showy, I before cutting and stookiug. They think it will 
covered with a deep purple bloom and sells I help the ears, but the ear will develop from 
well, though only of fair quality. quite a green stalk. 2. They allow it to re- 
If a yellow plum were to be added it would I main exposed to the weather until the life and 
be Prince’s Imperial Gage. I goodness of it are beaten out of it. 3. A great 
For home use Mr. Green, as he states iu many never cut it up but turn the cattle in 
his Fruit Grower (Rochester N. Y.) would the field and starve them into eating the dry 
make a different selection—Green Gage, trost-bitten leaves and husks. For all this 
Washington, Jefferson, Yellow Gage, Reine they pay a fearful price for waste. Many will 
Claude de Bavay, Lawrence’s Favorite and say they canuot afford to hire help to cut up 
McLaughlin. I and save the corn fodder. Why cannot they 
Burpee’s Bread-stone Turnip is said to cook I ^ we ^ afford to save a dollar’s worth of corn 
thoroughly in 15 minutes. Flesh white and I fodder as a dollars worth of hay? Every 
fine-grained, tender and sweet. One of the farmer ex P ects t0 feed t0 hls cows a certain 
very best for winter a»d spring use. Its chief amount of corn. Why uot save cost 
merit is that when other kinds grow strong husking and cut it into silo at once, when the 
and pithy this is at its best. stalk aud ear combined are in the highest 
m , , , I degree of excellence for feeding?. 
The White Egg Turnip is firm and tender 
and the quality is first-rate. The Golden Ball I It takes toil, and hard toil, to be sure, but 
is a good keeper and is scarcely excelled for I is it a sign of smartness when a farmer has 
table use. I raised a fine field of fodder corn to let two- 
Keep the soil about late cabbages mellow.. thirds of its feeding value go to waste? Is it 
good farming, or practical farming, to lose 
Rutabaga turnips may still be sown. half 0 f the results of your toil? Most men 
The Yellow Malta is early aud of good I call it foolishness, and most men are right 
quality. The Green Globe is very large (white I when the>so call it. 
flesh). The Pomeranian White Globe is good I _ . _ 
. , , m. .. „ . . a „ ._„ Here is the recipe for the Bordeaux Mix- 
for stock. The White French is a fine keeper. I _ , _ _ „ 
mi wl , . T , „ . , . , ... ,ru I ture as Prof. F. L Scribner gives it: 
The White Norfolk is late aud solid. The I b 
Red-top Globe is a standard sort for the New I “ Dissolve eight pounds of sulphate of 
York market. Extra Ear,, Milau U the slSteW 
earliest. Red-top btrap-leaf is a popular I 0 f fresh lime in five gallons of water; 
variety for fall. when the lime mixture has cooled to the tem- 
, „ ,. perature of the air, pour it slowly into the 
Red i lawson and Golden Cross are new I CO pp er solution, taking care to mix the fluids 
wheats, originated by A. N. Jones, and they I carefully by constant stirring. This should be 
are now offered for sale. The R. N.-Y. will prepared some days before required for use.” 
have a report to make on the latter before it will be seen that the It. N.-Y.’s formula 
sowing time. I as given in these columns a few weeks ago, 
The best Plan the Poultry Keeper has I does not differ from Prof. Scribner’s material- 
ever tried, aud it has tried many to break I ly, while it has the advantage of being brief 
hens of sitting, ib to remove the sitter from I and very easy to remember: One-half pound 
the peu to which she is accustomed to one I of lime to one gallon of water. One-half pound 
which isfprovided with no nest boxe®. There ■ of copper-sulphate to one gallon of water.... 
Major Alvord says’that if a tariff could 
be placed upon bananas and other tropical 
fruits without an immense amount of log-roll¬ 
ing he might favor it; but in the present con 
dition of things, he thinks that the politicians 
and manufacturers would make a handle of 
such a tariff, and in the end it would only re¬ 
dound to the fruit-grower’s injury. He says 
that the members of Congress are great 
friends of the farmers when they have an axe 
to grind, and that if a tariff were placed on 
foreign fruit, a tariff would be demanded on 
a dozen manufactured articles used by the 
farmer, so that in the end the farmer would 
come out, as usual, at the little end of the 
horn. 
In an address made by Major H. E. Alvord, 
at the convention of the Maryland and Dela¬ 
ware State Teachers’ Association, on the sub¬ 
ject of “ Agricultural Education for Old and 
Young,” he said that we must have men who 
are thoroughly educated in theory and 
science, to enter into the fields of practical 
agriculture. 
The physical and moral education which a 
boy gets on the farm is of such a character as 
to make him successful in any sphere of life.. 
The farmer and his family are the seed 
corn of the nation. The best is selected every 
year for planting in the cities and towns. 
Many seem to think that by instinct alone 
a man may perform the duties required on 
the farm, while the fact is it requires the 
brightest talents to become a thrifty and pro¬ 
gressive farmer. 
The order of things mu3t be reversed. In¬ 
stead of the brightest and beet of the farmers’ 
sons being sent to the commercial school or 
prepared for the “ learned professions,” and 
the dullest boy kept on the farm, the bright¬ 
est boy should be kept on the farm and if 
necessary the dullest boy should be sent away 
to the town. 
At the Maryland Agricultural College a 
valuable experiment is being conducted by 
Prof. Alvord. He has had an acre of land 
planted with whole potatoes no one of which 
weighed lew than 11 ounces. It required 60 
bushels of seed for the acre. From present 
appearances the experiment will be a success 
and go to demonstrate that the best way to 
plant potatoes is to plant large ones whole.. 
This abandonment of the farms for the 
cities is merely temporary. Every kind of city 
occupation is to-day more overdone and over¬ 
crowded than farming. The big and growing 
cities of the West are more and more consum¬ 
ing the products of Western farms, which aro 
themselves decreasing in productiveness.” 
We know a man who two years ago 
boughtjone of these ‘ run-out ’ farms, and last 
year cleared over $800 in cash on the potatoes 
he grew on a part of it.” 
—Puck: ‘‘When Uncle Eben’s boys com¬ 
plain of feeling tired in the field, he says: 
‘Tut, tut, you jis pitch in harder an’ work it 
off.’ ” 
-Elder Berry: “How much are these 
blackcaps a quart. Deacon? ” 
Deacon Sanders [the grocer): “Twelve 
cents.” 
Elder Berry: “All right, Deacon; here, 
I’ve brought a quart measure along to get 
m in.” 
Deacon Sanders: “Wall, Elder, I’ll have 
to charge 36 cents for that full.” 
-“ Bird-seed—E ggs.” 
—“When marketing for chickens, always 
remember that the good die young.” 
-Large ears are said to be a sign of gen¬ 
erosity. This probably accounts for the 
mule’s great profligacy with his heels.” 
—Dr. Kirtland: “ Rather than kill birds 
DIRECT. 
SHORT STORIES. 
to «ave fruit, 1 would raise more fruit to at¬ 
tract the birds.” 
Horsfortl’s Acid Phosphate 
Relieves the Feoling ot Lassitude 
so common in mid-summer and imparts 
vitality.— Adv. 
PisrtllattWUjsi mmtitfiag. 
—John J. Thomas: “Awkward, flowerless, 
treelees homes are abominations. The nur- 
■erymen who help to cultivate rural tastes are 
patriots and public benefactors.” 
—W. C. Barry: “A languishing nursery 
business would be a national calamity.” 
—Prof. C. S. Plumb: “I haven’t been in 
the habit of indulging in much flattery, but I 
want to say now to you that you have cer¬ 
tainly taken a big lead in agricultural jour¬ 
nalism. Never has the Rural looked so 
prosperous in my eyes from every point of 
view.” 
—American Agriculturist: “When a man 
doesn’t know how to run an engine, he is not 
called an engineer; when he can’t repeat the 
multiplication table, he is not called a mathe¬ 
matician; but any man who tries to farm, 
though he doesn’t know how it should be 
done, doesn’t know even the multiplication 
table of it, is called a farmer. He is mis¬ 
named, and that’s why so many called farmers 
are also called failures.” 
-Baltimore American: “Though there 
is a great deal of pluck about grapes, they can’t 
help giving a wine when they are bruised.” 
-N. E. Farmer: “No weedy crop is ever 
a full crop.” 
*-Green’s Fruit-Grower: “There are 
farmers who present an attractive appearance 
as seen at their farm work. There are others 
who dress so shabbily and whose beards and 
hair are so unkempt as to mislead the travel¬ 
er who might be looking for the proprietor of 
the farm into suspecting that he has met a 
much less important personage.” 
-T. H. Hoskins, in the Vermont Watch¬ 
man: “We personally know farmers in every 
New England State and in New York who 
are making money right along in farming, 
and they have no advantage whatever over 
their groaning neighbors, except that they 
have taken pains to learn their trade well and 
to keep up with the times.” 
-“ Farming is a different thing from what 
it used to be, but no more different than shoe¬ 
making, railroading, merchandising, news¬ 
paper publishing, and nearly everything else. 
How long would even a country newspaper 
live if run on the linee of the country news¬ 
papers of 40 years ago? It is just so with 
farming. The time has come when old ways 
are being dropped and new and better ways 
adopted in every line of business.” ^ _ 
la Your Blood Pure? If not, if you have 
bolls, pimples, ••humors,’’ or indications of scrofula 
or salt rheum, you should take Hood’s Sarsaparilla, 
which is the best blood purifier known. It effects 
wonderful cures where other preparations utterly 
fall. Be sure to get Hood’s. 
For Internal and External Use. 
Stops Pain, Cramps, Inflammation in body or limb, 
tike magic. Cures Croup. Asthma, Colds, Catarrh. Chol¬ 
era Morbus, Diarrhoea, Rheumatism, Neuralgia, lame- 
back. Stiff JointsaiulStrains. Fullpartieularsfree. Price 
55 eta post-paid- L S. JOHNSON & CO., Boston* Mass. 
FMPIRF POWERandSEPARATOR 
La If 11 111 Li BEST, CHEAPEST and 
MOST IMPROVED in the market. 
STe also manufacture Field Boilers, Plows. Feed Cutter and Crusher 
Hand A Power Corn Shelters, etc. Send for Illustrated Catalogue A 
Vrice List. S. S. 9KSSIM1KH M SON, Tstamj, Northampton Co. Pi. 
“ What! Corns and Bunions all gone ?" 
"Yes I am happy to say. through the merits of 
llituson'H .Magic t orn Salve, I can now walk 
with ease.” 
HANSON’S 
MAGIC CORN SALVE. 
It your druggist does not keep it, do not let him con¬ 
vince vou that some Imitation is Just as good. Send 
by mall to W. T. HAN-ON dr TO , Schenec¬ 
tady, N. Y Every box Is warranted to cure or 
money refunded. 
l’UUK 15 anti 20 CENTS. 
