4889 
THE BUBAL HEW'YOBKEB. 
603 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
R UBBER ROOFING.—Circulars from the 
Indiana Paint and Roofing Company, 
42 West Broadway, New York. Anybody 
can make a roof of this material and it will 
last. It is just the thing for barns, sheds, 
poultry-buildings, etc , etc. The “slate paint’’ 
made by the same house will stop leaks in any 
roof. It will pay you to send for this circular. 
Surely you have some roof-space on your 
farm that will look and act better for a coat¬ 
ing of this material. 
Gahdiner’s Ikon Farm and Road Wagon. 
—Circular from the Gardiner Iron Wagon & 
Manufacturing Company, Mullica Hill, New 
Jersey. This circular gives 28 reasons why 
this wagon is the “ best in the world.” It is a 
“ low-down wagon on high wheels;” that is 
one feature that commends itself to farmers. 
The circular is well worth examining. 
The Garret Fence Machine, manufact¬ 
ured by S. H. Garrett, Mansfield, Ohio. This 
machine is simple and durable. Write for 
particulars. 
James M. Thorburn & Co., 15 John 
Street, N. Y.—An illustrated catalogue of 
bulbs and flowering roots, such as hyacinths, 
tulips, anemones, crown imperials, arums, 
crocuses, cyclamens, gladioluses, grape hy¬ 
acinths, ixias, lilies, narcissuses, snowdrops, 
ranunculuses, scillas—comprehensive, well- 
selected list3 of all. Among hardy seeds for 
autumn sowing, we have an excellent assort¬ 
ment of the best species and varieties. 
The Effect of Different Rations on 
Fattening Lambs.— Bulletin No. 8 from 
Cornell University, Itbaca, N. Y. In this 
pamphlet, Professors Roberts and Wing give 
the results of a continuation of their experi¬ 
ments with feeding for fat and for lean. 
There is not much that i3 new in this story. 
The lambs were coarse-wool grades, Shrop¬ 
shire or South Down. They were better suit¬ 
ed for experiment purposes than for 
profitable feeding. 
THE RATION FED. 
One lot was fed what may be called a car¬ 
bonaceous ration. The lambs were given all 
the Timothy hay and whole corn they would 
readily eat, and in addition about a half 
pound of roots each per day. Turnips were 
fed as long as the supply lasted; after that 
mangels were used. 
Another lot was fed a nitrogenous ration, 
although it was not so excessively rich in nitro¬ 
gen as that used by some experimenters in 
trials of this kind. The grain ration was 
made up of two parts wheat bran and one 
part cotton-seed meal. A pound per day per 
lamb of this mixture was fed at first; after¬ 
ward it was somewhat increased or diminish¬ 
ed, as the needs of the case required, the ob¬ 
ject being to feed about all that would be 
readily eaten. This lot also received clover 
hay, Instead of Timothy, and roots. 
Still another lot was fed an intermediate ra¬ 
tion. The grain part was composed of three 
parts corn and one part each of wheat bran 
and cotton-seed meal. It was eaten in at>out 
the same quantity as the second lot. Tim¬ 
othy hay was used for this lot and roots were 
fed as io each of the others. 
A fourth lot were fed the same as the third, 
except that they received no roots at all. 
The bulletin presents an elaborate statement 
of the cost of food, gain in flesh and the 
weight of different parts of the body. Tnis 
is not given here for the reason that the re¬ 
sult is practically the same as that arrived at 
in the previous experiments which we have 
given in detail. The experimenters conclude, 
as the pith of all their feeding experiments: 
“That corn, as an exclusive grain ration, 
does not give the best results, either in 
amount, quality or economy of production, 
when fed to growing or fattening animals. 
That the amount of water drank (especially 
in the case of our lambs) is a pretty certain 
indication of the rate of gain. 
That the production of wool is very greatly 
dependent upon the nitrogen m the ration.” 
The bulletin concludes with the following 
remarkable statement: 
“ Since a large portion of the arable land in 
the State of New York is now cultivated at a 
possible loss or at a very small profit, and 
since the reason for this is largely want of 
plant food in tho soil: therefore, the value of 
the voidings of animals and the character of 
the plants raised on the farm, must necessarily 
receive our most careful consideration.” 
A table is introduced to show the manurial 
value of the different rations when fed to 
sheep. It is claimed that the “nitrogenous 
ration”—the one m which bran and cotton¬ 
seed meal are used—is three times as valuable 
for manure as the “ carbonaceous ration ” 
where corn is the only grain used. 
Kansas Crops and Weather.— The 
statement of the State Board of Agriculture 
for.July is interesting—not byreaso* of its 
treatment of the subjects with which it is sup¬ 
posed to deal, but because of other matters. 
We don’t care much now how the crops look¬ 
ed last July, and the weather at that time is 
also of little importance just at present. Sec¬ 
retary Mohler has contributed a sensible arti¬ 
cle on agricultural statistics, that gives this 
bulletin considerable value. It seems that 
some Kansas farmers refuse to give agricul¬ 
tural statistics, as they say their figures will 
only be used to the detriment of farmers. In 
fact, it seems to be pretty generally believed 
by a large class of farmers that all the fig¬ 
ures or crop information they give is seized 
upon by speculators and crop gamblers to 
manipulate prices in their own interests. 
Secretary Mohler argues against this view 
and gives reasons why reliable statistics will 
benefit Kansas. He says: 
“ Grain gamblers connected with the boards 
of trade in our large cities have men in their 
employ traveling continually during the 
growing season, in every part of the country, 
gathering the facts in regard to the acreage 
and yield of wheat and corn per acre, and 
other croDs; and it is surprising how near 
they get at the exact facts long in advance of 
the time the assessors’ returns reach this office. 
These men are experts at the business, and do 
their work thoroughly. These grain specula¬ 
tors are not, therefore, in any way dependent 
upon the returns made by the assessors to this 
Board for carrying on their gambling opera¬ 
tions, but are wholly independent of them. 
Now if the people had no means of collecting 
these statistics, compiling and giving them to 
the public, there is no tellmg what these un¬ 
scrupulous men would do. The farmers would 
then be at their mercy. They could withhold 
the truth from them and practice their art 
with direful effect upon the farming world. 
The farmers would be in darkness and 
the grain gamblers in the light. Ignorauce 
can never cope with intelligence in any kind 
of warfare.” 
He always gives this advice, which will ap¬ 
ply to 36 other States besides Kansas:—In se 
lecting assessors the best man in the township 
should be taken for the work—one not only 
competent but pains-taking, and ambitious to 
do his work well. Better work is badly need¬ 
ed, and assessors at their annual meeting for 
fixing a basis of valuation, should discuss this 
matter and pass a resolution pledging them¬ 
selves to do thorough and complete work, in¬ 
cluding, of course, agricultural statistical 
work, and the county clerk of each county 
in the State should urge upon the assessors 
the importance of such work. 
Lfltu. 
“ Every Man is presumed to know the Law. 
Nine-tenths of all Litigation arises from 
Ignorance of Law." 
LEGAL FRAUDS IN SALES. 
T. M. S., Armstrong County. Pa .—A sold 
B a horse blind in one eye, the supposition be¬ 
ing that the animal was sound in all respects. 
A said nothing about the horse’s eye-sight, 
and B did not notice the defect. Can B, after 
discovering it, compel A to take the animal 
back or, on his refusal to do so, recover dam¬ 
ages? 
Ans. —No. B was not legally bound to dis¬ 
close the fact that the horse was blind; he 
had only to refrain from doing anything to 
conceal the defect or to prevent the purchas¬ 
er from discovering it. It has even been held 
that one who buys a horse that is blind even 
in both eyes, after having had an opportunity 
for examination, is not protected by a gener¬ 
al warranty of soundness; but, on the other 
hand, if the defect is one that cannot be dis¬ 
covered by reasonable diligence and care, the 
law requires the seller, if he is aware of it, to 
point it out. The ancient adage “ Caveat 
emptor "—Let the buyer beware,”—is applic¬ 
able in all such cases. The law affords every 
reasonable protection against fraud in deal¬ 
ing, but it does not go to the romantic length 
of giving an indemnity against the conse¬ 
quences of ignorance, folly or carelessness, 
where ordinary and accessible means of in¬ 
formation have been neglected. If the parties 
meet on equal terms and have the same means 
of information, and if nothing is done to di¬ 
vert attention or conceal defects, there can be 
no fraud in law; for though the goods may be 
defective, the vendor is under no legal obliga¬ 
tion to point out defects which any one may 
see if he will look for them, and though the 
seller may say the goods are better and more 
valuable than they really are, even th»n the 
buyer is supposed to rely on his own skill and 
judgment. If he has a full and fair oppor¬ 
tunity to do so, he must look out for himself, 
or suffer the consequence of his own impru¬ 
dence. If the vendor, however, covers up or 
conceals defects, or if be misleads the buyer 
or puts him off bis guard in order that he may 
not discover them, or even if he fails to point 
out defects,—such as the habits or non-corpo- 
real characteristics of an animal, for example 
—which the buyer has no means of discover¬ 
ing for himself, he is guilty of a fraud in law, 
which renders the sale voidable. This rule 
relates to a multitude of matters of every-day 
occurrence. 
THE SALE OF HOME-PRODUCED WINE AND 
CIDER. 
H. B. JET., Yates County, N. Y .—Has the 
producer of native wines and cider, made by 
himself, or his employes, from the grapes or 
apples of his own production, the right to sell 
the same by the barrel or gallon, without a 
license* 
Ans. —Section 3,246 of the United States 
Revised Statutes provides that no special tax 
shall be imposed on vintners who sell wine of 
their own growth at the place where it was 
made, or at tho general business office of the 
manufacturer. No United States license, 
therefore, is needed to sell under the circum¬ 
stances mentioned by our correspondent. 
But an excise license is needed under the New 
York State law in order to sell wine in quan¬ 
tities of less than five gallons, or to sell it in 
any quantity to be consumed on the premises. 
No license, however, is required for the sale of 
home-produced cider. 
COMPENSATION FOR SERVICES TO A DECEASED 
PARENT. 
I. M., Herkimer County, N. Y .—If a parent 
dies without making a will, and one of the 
heirs performs all the necessary services dur 
ing his parent’s sickness, can he recover the 
value of such services out of his dead parent’s 
estate over and above the share of it coming 
to him legally ? 
Ans.—W hen an adult child resides with 
and performs services for a parent, an under¬ 
standing between them for recompense may 
be shown. Where the parent was sick and 
infirm for a long time and whore the child’s 
services were indispensable or very important, 
a mutual understanding that the child should 
be paid is often inferred from the circumstan¬ 
ces, and compensation is allowed out of the 
deceased parent’s estate upon the usual foot¬ 
ing of creditors. 
and giant*. 
J, M. THORBURN & CO., 
IS JOHN STREET, 
NEW YORK, 
BEG TO ANNOUNCE THAT THEIR DESCRIPTIVE PRICED 
CATALOGUE OF 
BULBS 
for Autumn planting Is ready for mailing to 
applicants. 
Lily ot the Valley Pips. Bermuda Easter 
Lilies and Roman Hyacinths 
For Florists, a Specialty. 
THE IDAHO PEAR. 
What Others Say About It : 
Compared with KelfTer It is far superior in 
quality. AMERICAN GARDEN. 
Quality best. PATRICK BARRY. 
It Is not so sweet as the Bartlett, but higher fla¬ 
vored—more vinous. THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Trees now for the first time offered for 
sale 
Single Tree by mail, post paid, 
$2.50; Three lor $6.00. 
Send for Illustrated prospectus conta'ning a finer 
list of testimonials than any new fruit that has ever 
been Introouced. 
THE IDAHO PEAR Co., 
LEWISTON, IDAHO. 
NEW AND RARE PLANTS, 
ORCHIDS, ETC. 
A Large Collection ot'Hot-Houae and Greeu- 
House Plants Carefully grown at low rates. 
Orchids—a very extensive stock—East Indian, Mexi¬ 
can, Central South Amerleau, etc. 
Roses. Clematis and Dutch Bulbs. Large Importa¬ 
tions from leading growers in Holland. 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees, etc. Catalogues on 
application. 
JOHN SAUL, Washington, D. C. 
600 ACRES. 
13 CREENHOUSES. 
TREESPPLANTS 
We offer for the Fall trade a large and fine stock 
Fill*ITS. Hedge Plants, Fruit Tree seed¬ 
lings and Forest Tree Seedlings. Priced Cata. 
login Fall of 1889. mailed free. Etiablithtd 1862 
BLOOMINGTON PHCENIX NURSERY 
tUDNAV TITTLE A 10.. Proprietors, BLOOXINGTOS.IU. 
APPLE AND PEACH TREES. 
360,000 Apple and Peach Trees—all suit 
able for transplanting Into orchard. No finer stock 
In this country. Send tor circular giving full infor- 
Biatloa. Address STEPHEN HOYT'S SONS, 
New Canaan, Conn. 
We offer 
the largest 
and most 
complete 
general 
stock in 
the U. S„ of 
, Fruit&Ornamental Trees, 
Shrubs, Evergreens, 
Roses, Paeonies, 
Hardy Plants, 
Grapevines, Small Fruits, 
etc., including many Novelties. Cataloguee giving 
information indispensable to planters, sent to all re¬ 
gular customers Free; toothers: No. 1. Fruits. 10c. ; 
No. 2, Ornamental Trees, Ac., illustrated, 15c.; No. 3, 
Strawberries, No. 4, Wholesale, No. 6, Roses, Free. 
ELLWANCER & BARRY, 
MOUNT HOPE I ROCHESTER, 
NURSERIES, I New York. 
WELL TESTED & APPROVED. 
New, Valuable mid Indispensable Frnits. 
Catalogue on application to 
T V. MUNSON. Denison, Texas. 
NEW WHEATS From ORIGINATOR 
UNDER SEA L. 
Early Red Clawson. *7 50 per bushel; 2 hu., *18. 
Golden Cross, $2 per bushel. Jones’ Winter 
Fife, the coming No One— Hard glnten sort ol 
the East. 2 oz. gl.wlth directions for producing a 
large amount from the sample. Send money order or 
N. Y. draft. Address A. N. JONES, Le Roy, N. Y. 
TRY A REVOLVING POTATO 
Circulars. J I. DuBois, Freehold, N. J. 
ASIORTER 
$ 
l.OOO.rOO worth Monuments at cost N.Y. & Mags. 
Granite Works. W. Robinson, 1146 B’dway, N. Y. 
N. J. STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
Thirty-First Annual Fair 
will he held at Waverley Park, Sept. l6to 20.1889. For 
Premium List, address P. T. QUINN. 
E. R. Wilkinson, Prest. Cor. Sec'y, Newark, N. J. 
d» O A Salary. 840 Fxpense. in Advance 
j)UII allowed each montn. Steady employment 
^ at home or traveling. No soil Ring. Du 
ties, delivering and making collections No Postal 
Cards. Address with stamp. HAFER & CO., Plqua. O. 
SIIEEWIN BROS’. 
SAFETY HOLDBACKS 
Self-unhitching—fln°st thing out. Sample Pair, with 
Straps, $1.25. prepaid. Agents wanted. Address 
fsHHRWlN BROS., 
Brandon, Wis., or Lincoln, Neb. 
CANADA UNLEACHED HARD-WOOD 
ASHES! 
Supplied in Bulk or Barrels by Rail on 
Short Notice I can positively guarantee my 
Ashes pure unleached and free from adulteratiou. 
For price, pamphlet and all other information, ad¬ 
dress UHAS, STEVENs*. 
Box 237. Napauee, Ontario, Can. 
ROAD CARTS, BUGGIES, 
HARNESS. 
We put no prices in the 
papier, but if you will write 
we will quote LOWER 
THAN ANY one else. 
See our Exhibition offer. 
Will you help advertise our 
goods if we PAY YOU. Send6cts. * CARP AIM 
m stamps for information if you want H uMrlUnlli. 
UNION MACHINE CO. Philadelphia, Pa. 
L OW-DOWN wagon on high wheels-only 
Practical. Common Sense Farm Wagon In 
the world. Send for 28 reasons whv 
GARDINER IRON W AGON CO., 
Mullica Hill, N. J. 
It pay» to get oar Illustrated Catalogue and Price on Tread add 
Sweep Power, Thresher. Separator, Corn Sheller, Feed Cutter 
with Crusher. Land Roller,Kngines, three to ten Horse Power. 
$. S. MESSINGER A SON, Tatamy, Northampton Co,, Pa. 
Newtown Double Geared, Level Tread Eorse Power*. 
and Threshers and Clkankrs ark the Best. 
We also manufacture Seif-Dump Rakes, Coru Shell 
ers. Farm Rollers, etc. Send for Circulars and Price 
Lists. A. BLAKER & CO., Newtown, Bucks Co., Pa 
For preparing the ground for fall seeding, the Clark’s 
Cutaway Harrow will more thaii pav for Itself in oue 
season. No use for the plow ou stubble land. Take 
It and try it and you will buy it. Send for new cir¬ 
cular. 
Kigganum M’f'g Corp., Sole Man'frs, 
HIGGANUM, CONN. 
