THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
635 
1889 . 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
AY AND STRAW CROPS.—F. Wil¬ 
liams & Co., hay and straw dealers 
of this city, have issued a hand-book con¬ 
taining estimates as to the amount of hay 
now in the country. They think there has 
never before been a time in this country 
when so much hay was ready to be placed 
on the market as there is at the present 
time. There is a scarcity of good grades of 
hay; in fact, the proportion of the whole 
amount that can justly be called “prime” 
has never been smaller. It therefore seems 
safe to conclude that, prime hay will realize 
strong figures while “clover mixed” and 
“shipping” will find very slow sale. This 
is exactly what the R. N.-Y. has repeatedly 
said. The outlook for straw is given as 
follows: 
“All kinds of straw have been secured in 
a poor state as a general thing, and prime 
lots will no doubt bring strong figures, but 
anything that is stained or dark-colored, 
will rule low.” 
Williams & Co. suggest that the follow¬ 
ing rules for the grading of hay should be 
observed: 
No. 1, OR Prime Hay—S hall be pure Tim¬ 
othy, properly cured, bright, natural color, 
sound and well baled. 
No. 2, or Goon Hay —Shall be Timothy, 
not more than one-quarter (X), mixed with 
“Red-top” and “Blue Grass” properly 
cured, bright color, sound and well baled. 
No. 3, or Medium Hay —Shall include all 
Timothy not good enough for No. 2, propor¬ 
tionally mixed with Blue Grass, Red-top 
and clover, sound and well baled. 
Clover Mixed Hay —Shall include all 
hay containing not over two-thirds {%) clo¬ 
ver and one-third (X) Timothy, properly 
cured, sound and well baled. 
Shipping Hay —Shall include all hay not 
good enough for other grades, and may be 
natural meadow free from wild or bog, and 
must not contain over one-third (X) clover, 
sound and well baled. 
Clover Hay —Shall be medium grown, 
properly cured, good color, sound and well 
baled. 
No Grade, or Rejected Hay—S hall in¬ 
clude all hay badly cured, musty, stained, 
or in any way unsound. 
Pear Blight and Apple Powdery Mil¬ 
dew. —Circular No. 8 from the section of 
Vegetable Pathology, Department of Agri¬ 
culture, Washington. The papers of late 
have noted the fact that Prof. Galloway 
Inis discovered a sure preventive of the 
above-named diseases. We presume the 
authority for this report is found in this 
circular. Both of the diseases have been 
described in the RURAL. They are familiar 
to most nurserymen. The R. N.-Y merely 
gives the mixtures used for curing the dis¬ 
eases. For pear blight the Bordeaux Mix¬ 
ture was sprayed upon the trees. This 
mixture was made as follows: 
“ Six pounds of sulphate of copper were 
crushed and dissolved in 10 gallons of water; 
four pounds of fresh lime was then slaked 
in six gallons of water, using, of course, 
another vessel for the purpose. When the 
two solutions had cooled they were poured 
into a barrel and thoroughly stirred with a 
wooden paddle. For applying the mix¬ 
ture a Japy pump with Vermorel lance 
and nozzle was used.” The first application 
was made on June 5 and was followed by 
four others at intervals of 10 days. The 
treatment was in all ways satisfactory, the 
trees retaining their leaves in excellent con¬ 
dition, while some not sprayed were almost 
ruined by blight. 
For the powdery mildew t he first preven¬ 
tive tried was a solution of sulphuret of 
potassium (liver of sulphur). This was not 
a success, as the solution was not thrown 
evenly and was too easily washed from the 
trees by a light rain. It was then decided 
to use a solution of ammoniacal carbonate 
of copper. This was prepared as follows: 
“,To facilitate the work of spraying, three 
barrels were placed in a road at the east end 
of the block, the first at the south side, the 
second in the middle, and the third at the 
north side. Everything being in readiness, 
the barrels having previously been filled 
with water (44 gallons), six ounces of car¬ 
bonate of copper were weighed out ami 
placed in an ordinary water-pail. A half 
gallon of ammonia was then slowly added, 
at the same time a complete mixture was 
effected by stirring with a wooden paddle. 
Two minutes’ stirring was sufficient to 
completely dissolve the copper, and the so¬ 
lution, which is of a beautiful blue color, 
was then poured into the central barrel and 
mixed with the water by means of a long 
stick. A moment’s stirring and the solu¬ 
tion, which was now of a light blue color, 
was ready for use.” 
This treatment gave excellent satisfac¬ 
tion. These experiments were tried on a 
very large scale, hence Dr. Galloway’s con¬ 
fidence. 
Sidney Tuttle & Company, Blooming¬ 
ton, III.—Wholesale catalogue of trees, 
plants, shrubs, roses, bulbs etc. 
Green’s Nursery Company, Roches¬ 
ter, N. Y.—An illustrated circular of the 
Wilder Pear. This is an early pear of de¬ 
cided excellence. 
Harness & Buggies. —Catalogue from 
the Wilbur H. Murray Manufacturing 
Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. These goods 
have been very extensively advertised of 
late and we know that a good many Rural 
readers have bought them. No complaints 
have reached us. We judge therefore that 
the goods suit and that those who buy them 
get their money’s worth. This is the desired 
end in all bargains. 
Johnson & Stokes, Philadelphia, Pa. 
—An illustrated catalogue of seed wheats, 
grass seed, etc. Several kinds of new wheats 
are offered. The catalogue should be 
examined by all wheat growers 
Caw. 
“ Every Man is presumed to know the Law. 
Nine-tenths of all Litigation arises from 
Ignorance of Law. ” 
RENEWAL OF JUDGMENTS: SEARCH FOR 
LIENS AGAINST LAND-TITLES; A MORTGAGE 
AS ADDITIONAL SECURITY TO LAND-TITLE. 
Subset iber, Mercer County, N. J.— 1. Can 
judgments in New Jersey be renewed when 
the 20 years have expired, or are they out¬ 
lawed? 2. Smith sold Brown a tract of 
land in 1868 and Brown sold it to Jones in 
1884. In making search in the Supreme 
Court now, is it necessary to make one 
against Smith, and would not a search 
against Brown for 15 years, ending with 
1884, be sufficient; the search against the 
present owner Jones, of course being for the 
20 years last past? 3. I recently purchased 
a farm subject to mortgage. The mort¬ 
gage is quite old and the property has 
changed hands seven times subject to it. I 
now wish to pay it off; but I want to keep 
it alive as it will give me a stronger title. 
Can I have it assigned to myself, and, if so, 
could I assign it again at any future time 
, should I wish to raise money? 
Axs.—1. Section 7 of the New Jersey Act 
for the limitation of actions provides that 
judgments in any court of record may be 
revived by scire facias, or an action of debt 
may be brought thereon within the 20 years 
next after the date of such judgment. 2. 
In the case of the real estate sold by Smith 
to Brown in 1868, and by Brown to Jones in 
1884, a search of the Supreme Court records 
for judgments which might be a lien upon 
the property, should, as our friend suggests, 
be against Jones for the 20 years last past, 
and against Brown for the 15 years ending 
with 1884. Such a search would be sufficient 
to cover every contingency except that in 
which a judgment may have been rendered 
in favor of one who was insane or under the 
age of 20 years, in which case the time dur¬ 
ing which this disability continued, would 
not be included in the 20 years. 3. Frequent¬ 
ly, as in our correspondent’s case, it is an 
advantage to the purchaser of real estate to 
keep a mortgage alive as an additional se¬ 
curity. Where this is the case, the pur¬ 
chaser is at liberty to have the mortgage 
assigned to him, and to hold it as a separate 
title. It may be assigned by him at any 
future time or dealt with by a satisfaction 
piece or otherwise like any other mortgage. 
LIABILITY FOB INJURIES FROM DEFECTIVE 
HIGHWAY. 
J, K. Me L, Corinth, III. —While haulrng 
logs last spring, one of the logs, owing to the 
bad condition of the public road, rolled off 
the wagon and fell on me, nearly killing me. 
Am 1 entitled to damages ? 
Ans.—T hat depends. A city or town is lia¬ 
ble for damages for all injuries occasioned by 
its neglect to keep the streets, roads or bridges 
m proper repair, provided ordinary care to 
avoid injury, was used by ihe plaintiff ; but 
the person suffering the Injury must in no 
way contribute to it by his own act; for if he 
knows the road to be dangerous and can con¬ 
veniently avoid such danger, he must do so. 
The aggrieved party, if entitled to receive 
anything, is entitled to receive compensa¬ 
tion; 1, for loss of time and labor, 
the amount of course depending on his 
capacity for earning money, and the nature, 
extent aud probable duration of his disability; 
2, for the expense to which he has been aud 
probably will be subject for care, nursing, 
aud medical attendance; 3, for his physical 
sufferings; 4, for his mental sufferings, aud 
the pleasures and eujoymeuts of which he has 
been aud may be naturally deprived. In 
cases of aggravated wrong, juries are fre¬ 
quently permitted to give what is called 
exemplary, vindictive or punitive damages; 
that is, something beyond mere compensation, 
as a punishment to the wrong-doer. 
a tenant’s right to crops. 
Constant Reader, Bergen County, N. J — 
I wish to sow some rye this fall, but I may 
vacate the farm on the expiration of my 
lease, in April 1S90. Would I be legally en¬ 
titled to harvest the crop after the expiration 
of my lease? 
Ans.—N o. A lease-holding tenant who 
plants a crop which he knows cannot mature 
until after the termination of his tenancy will 
lose the same. A tenant whose estate is of 
uncertain duration, however, as, for instance, 
a tenant at will, or from year to year, is en¬ 
titled to the crops known as fructus industri¬ 
als growing at the time of the termination of 
his tenancy. The different cereals would be 
of this class, while clovers, grasses or the 
fruits of trees would uot. Such a tenant or his 
representative, after the termination of the 
tenancy, has a right to enter upon the land to 
cultivate the crop if it is a growing one, aDd 
cut and harvest it when fit, and if interfered 
with in the reasonable exercise of this priv¬ 
ilege by the landlord or his representative or 
if the crop is injured by either, he may recover 
damages for the same. The person whose 
tenancy ends at a certain time, however, in 
accordance with terms of the lease or who by 
his own act has brought his lease to an end— 
as by abandoning the premises or failing to 
perform any stipulated condition—has no 
such right. 
BOUNDARY FENCES. 
J. A. S., Plainfield, Wis. —A and B own 
adjoining farms. A owns land between 
B’s buildings and the public highway, but B 
owns land running to the highway and is 
obliged to have a roadway out on the line be¬ 
tween his and A’s land. B having a good 
fence on his side of the road, is he legally 
obliged to keep in repair one half of the fence 
on the line between his and A’s land on the 
opposite side of the roadway, said road being 
open to the highway? 
Ans. —Yes. A boundary fence must be on 
the line; and B’s fence is not on the line. In¬ 
deed it was obviously built away from the 
line for B’s exclusive benefit and convenience 
Why should A, solely for B’s benefit, be re¬ 
quired to go to the expense of protecting his 
land from trespass, by building the half of 
the boundary fence which the law requires 
B to build and keep in good repair? Evi¬ 
dently neither in law nor equity is he 
obliged to do so. If B should place a gate 
across his private road where A’s half of the 
boundary fence ends, there would be little 
danger of the trespass from animals wander¬ 
ing from the highway; but should injury oc¬ 
cur on A’s land from such trespass, owing to 
any defect in the gate, or through carelessness 
in closing it, B would be liable for damages 
therefor. 
T. S., Seneca County, N. Y. —After a long 
illness, during which he bad leased his large 
farm for a term of years, a man dies leaving a 
widow and four children. For three years 
the widow and the children received the net 
income of the property—one-third to the 
widow, and one-sixth to each child. On the 
death of one of the children, who was unmar¬ 
ried, what would be the shares of the widow 
and each of the children ? 
Ans.—O ne-twenty-fourth part of the estate 
should be added to the share of each of the 
survivors, giving the mother niue-tweuty- 
fourths, and each of the three living children 
five-twenty-fourths of the income. 
8. M. S., Clermont County, Ohio. —A made 
a verbal contract with B, in the presence ot 
witnesses, for the lease of B’s farm, possession 
to be taken in the following spring. When 
the tune came, A refused to let B have the 
farm, and rented it to another. What remedy 
has A? 
Ans.—N one whatever. A verbal promise 
to rent a farm is good, provided there is a 
partial performance; but where there is no 
partial performance there is no remedy for 
a violation of the promise. 
L. T., Matoon, if?.—Where can I get copies 
of the Game and Fish laws of Illiuois and 
Missouri? 
Ans. —“ Fur, Fm and Feather,” a bi¬ 
monthly, published at 14 Warren Street, this 
city, contains a compilation of the (rime aud 
Fishing Laws of all the States in the Union. 
and Hlant.3. 
Fruit & Ornamental Trees, 
Shrubs, Evergreens, 
Roses, Paeonies, 
Hardy Plants, 
Grapevines, Small Fruits, 
etc , including many Novelties. Catalog**# giving 
information indispensable to planters, sent to all re¬ 
gular customers Free ; to others: No. 1. Fruits. 10c. ; 
No. 2, Ornamental Trees, Ac., illustrated. 16c.; No. 3, 
Strawberries, No. 4, Wholesale, No. 6, Roses, Fret. 
ELLWANCER & BARRY, 
MOUNT HOPE I ROCHESTER, 
NURSERIES, I New York. 
We offer 
the largest , 
and most I 
complete 
general 
stock in 
the U. S„ of j 
THE IDAHO PEAR. 
What Others Say About It : 
Compared with Kelffer It is far superior In 
quality. AMERICAN GARDEN. 
Quality best. PATRICK BARRY. 
It is not so sweet as the Bartlett, but higher fla¬ 
vored—more vinous. THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Trees now for the fust time offered for 
sale -* 
Single Tree by mail, post paid, 
$2.50; Three lor $6.00. 
Send for Illustrated prospectus conta'nlng a finer 
list of testimonials than aDy new fruit that has ever 
been introduced. 
THE IDAHO PEAR Co., 
LEWISTON, IDAHO. 
NEW AND RARE PLANTS, 
ORCHIDS, ETC. 
A Large Collection of Hot-House and Green- 
House Plants Carefully grown at Low rates. 
Orchids—a very extensive stock—East Indian, Mexi¬ 
can, Central South American, etc. 
Roses. Clematis and Dutch Bulbs. Large Importa¬ 
tions from leading growers In Holland. 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees, etc. Catalogues on 
application. 
JOHN SAUL, Washington, D. C. 
«00 ACRES. 13 CREENHOUSES, 
TREESPPLANTS 
We offer for the Fall trade a large and flue stock 
of every description of FRUITandOrnamemal 
TREES, Shrubs, Roses, Vines, SMALL 
FRUITS, Hedge Plants, Fruit Tree Seed¬ 
lings and Forest Tree Seedlings. Priced Cata. 
logue Fall of 1889. mailed free. JSelablithtd 186% 
BLOOMINGTON PHdNIX NURSERY 
BUI.NEY TITTLE A to.. Proprietor,. BLOOBlNGTO.'l, ILL 
APPLE AND PEACH TREES. 
300.000 Apple and Peach Trees— all suit¬ 
able for transplanting into orchard No liner stock 
In this country. Send for circular giving full Infor¬ 
mation. Address STEPHEN HOST’S SONS, 
New Canaan, Conn. 
ItU.occllnncou.si guIverti-Sittg. 
$ 1,000,1X10 worth Monuments at cost N. Y. & Mass. 
Granite Works. W. Robinson, 1146 B’dway, N. Y. 
dj £* A Salary. S40 Expenses in Advance 
tpvJv allowed each meutn. Steady employment 
^ at home or traveling. No soli.Ring. Du¬ 
ties. delivering and making collections No Postal 
’ Cards. Address with stamp, HAFER A CO., Plqua. O. 
CANADA UNLEACHED HARD-WOOD 
ASHES! 
Supplied in Bulk or Barrels by Rail on 
Short Notice- I can positively guarantee my 
Ashes pure unleaehed and free from adulteration. 
For price, pamphlet aud all other information, ad¬ 
dress OH AS. STEVENS, 
Box 287. Napa nee. Outario, Can. 
TQMADO CORN&COBMILL 
Separate 
Hopper 
for 
Small 
Grain. 
Sixes 
Can 
Grind 
Fine 
or 
Ooarse. 
Our 26 sixes American and Hero Mills— 
too well known to OQ rtrtn''**'V IN USE. 
need remarks here, dm mi , Sent on trial. 
Send for handsome Descriptive Catalogue and spe¬ 
cial prices of our Corn and (Job Mills, Hero MUIb aud 
Horse Powers. Feed Cutters, Wood Saws, etc. 
APPLETON MFG. C0. 1 cHfcAco! n ii!u. t ' 
WELL TESTED & APPROVED. 
New. Valuable and Indispensable Fruits. 
Catalogue on application to 
T. V. MUNSON, llenisou, Texas. 
Von can now g ras p a fortune. New 
guide to rapid wealth, with ‘440 tine 
engravings, sent Free to any per¬ 
son. This is a chance of a lifetime. 
Write at once to J. l.YNN CO, 
700 Broadway, New York, 
