THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
847 
1889 
V arums, 
A JERSEYMAN’S JOTTINGS. 
“REPORT of the society for the pro¬ 
motion OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE.” 
T he R. N.-Y. sends me a pamphlet bear¬ 
ing the above title and asks me to re¬ 
view it from the standpoint of a practical 
farmer ! I am nothing of a scientist myself; 
life is a very practical thing with me, a 
matter of the hardest kind of dollars and 
cents. If the R. N.-Y. wants to know 
what I think about the pleasant little 
talks made by these scientific gentlemen, 
and how far I consider them valuable to 
me in my farm work, all very well. As for 
any scientific review of the matter—that is 
far beyond me. The meeting under dis 
cnssion took place at Toronto, Canada last 
August. I will give the topics as they ap¬ 
pear in the report. First let me say that I 
do not know that these gentlemen claim to 
talk so that farmers can readily compre¬ 
hend them. These talks are for their own 
benefit—they are to be translated into the 
farmer’s language later. 
Wliat Is Common Wheat Rust. —I do not 
raise wheat now and therefore do not feel 
much interest in this topic. After reading 
what Prof. Arthur has to say, I know just 
as much as I did before about it, certainly 
not any more. 
Notes on Bird's-Eye Maple. —Dr. Beal 
gives an interesting talk on this subject. 
There is nothing in it that can help us to 
make more money at farming, but it will 
teach one to be a little more observing 
while in the woods. Dr. Beal also tells 
about some acorns that were buried for 
four years. I cannot see much point to 
this experiment. 
The Qrass Problem in Nebraska. —If I 
lived in Nebraska I should consider this 
article by Dr. Bessey a valuable and helpful 
one. As I live in New Jersey where we 
must raise the grasses that the hay men 
think most of, it won’t do me any good. 
A Bacterial Disease of Indian Corn .— 
Prof. T. J. Burrell tells about a new dis¬ 
ease which attacks corn and sorghum out 
West. To judge from his descriptions we 
have never had it here. “We know too 
little ol the disease to suggest a remedy,” 
he says. 
Arsenical Poisons as Insecticides .— 
Prof. A. J. Cook is a practical scientist. 
He has a farm of his own in which he can 
sink his surplus money and it may be that 
this sort of burial has had a good effect on 
him. I find that the coddling moths do 
about as much damage to the apples as the 
beetles do to the potatoes, and from a few 
experiments I have tried I am convinced 
that Paris-green will prove as effective 
against one insect as against the other. 
The average farmer has almost too much 
work to do at the time for spraying, and if 
we are to have any more seasons like the 
last, the poisons will will wash off faster 
than we can put them on. Prof. Cook 
thinks tobacco dust is going to kill the flea- 
beetle. He will find that the specimens of 
this insect we find in New Jersey will 
grow fat on tobacco. 
The Nitrogen Supply of Maize.— I am 
always a little prejudiced against those ex¬ 
periments that are carried on in flower 
pots. There is too much multiplying about 
the result—too many “ifs.” They are 
doubtless valuable as data upon which to 
build other and larger experiments, but 
that is as far as they go. I can’t see any¬ 
thing about the result of the one recorded 
here that any observing farmer could not 
have told before the thing began. 
Cranberry Gall Fungus.— Dr. Halstead 
has found a disease that threatens our cran¬ 
berry plants. This disease dwarfs the 
plant and turns it red, preventing the for¬ 
mation of flower or fruit. Nobody knows 
how dangerous it is and nobody seems to 
know of any remedy. The cranberry crop 
is an important one with us and we would 
like to know more about this matter. Dr. 
Halstead has made out what he calls a 
“Scale of Points for Weeds.” The “ scale 
of points” we generally recognize here is 
about as follows: 
Power of injuring farming, 100 
All other qualities, 0 
Total 100 
However, Dr. Halstead’s scale is interest¬ 
ing. The worst weeds I have are ragweed, 
burdock, Quack Grass and plantain. I see 
that farmers in other States report trouble 
from these fellows. They rank high in Dr- 
H.’s “scale of points.” 
Notes on Some feeding Stuffs.— Dr Ked- 
zie finds that some grasses found in 
swamps analyze fairly well and ought to 
make cow food. The trouble is that such 
grasses are mixed up with harsh, coarse va¬ 
rieties which are too tough for stock to eat. 
They are almost too tough to use for bed¬ 
ding. Dr. K. finds that wheat screenings 
are excellent for stock food. For the price 
at which they are sold they are cheaper 
than bran or middlings. I am certain that 
this idea is correct. 
Abnormal Production of Milk.— Prof. 
J. A. Myers tells of a heifer that produces 
five quarts of milk per day and has never 
had a calf. The heifer ran in pasture with 
a steer which began sucking her and kept 
up. When the steer was taken away it was 
found that the heifer gave milk. I have 
heard of one or two cases of this kind. Most 
farmers object to milking such heifers be¬ 
fore they calve, but I never could see any ob¬ 
jection to it. Prof. Myers’s point is that 
handling and rubbing the heifer’s udder 
may help develop it and induce a heavier 
yield of milk. I do not much believe in 
this. This “ developing ” business does not 
amount to much. To start the heifer off 
with a very large yield will be as apt to 
hurt her as to help her. 
The Food Value of Sorghum Seed .— 
Prof. Wiley figures from his analyses that 
sorghum seed is fully equal, as a food 
for man and other animals, to com 
and oats and is but little inferior to wheat. 
It seems to be more like wheat than com 
in its composition. A great deal of money 
has been spent in New Jersey trying to 
make sorghum sugar at a profit. We have 
made some sugar but it has cost more than 
it was worth. Some of our wise men want 
us to grow sorghum instead of corn. We 
are told that we shall be able to get our 
sugar free, that the bagasse will be equal 
to corn-fodder, while the grain will equal 
corn for feeding. My stock do not seem to 
like sorgum seed. The hens will leave it 
until they are starved into eating it. Dr. 
Wiley also has a long article on some ex¬ 
periments made to see if the butter made 
from cows fed on cotton seed was harder 
and less easy to melt than when no cotton¬ 
seed was fed. I do not see that there is 
much value to this article—certainly there 
is nothing proved. 
Do Potash Fertilizers Prevent Blight ? 
—After the season that has just passed we 
are all anxious to learn what we can about 
potato blight. It seems that last year Prof. 
Scovell noticed that the blight was least 
severe where a good supply of potash was 
used in the fertilizer ; so he decided to try 
an experiment this year of planting differ¬ 
ent plats with different sorts of fertilizers 
using a good deal of potash on some of the 
plots to see if it would prevent the blight. 
The results prove little or nothing. My 
own idea about the matter is that a com¬ 
plete fertilizer is the best thing for any 
plant disease, unless you know that some 
one element is lacking in the soil. The 
idea of applying potash to soil that may al¬ 
ready have potash enough is not very 
sound. No blight will be stopped that 
way. 
Preventing the Potato Rot. —Here is an¬ 
other subject that we are much interested 
in. Prof. Weed’s plan of spraying the po¬ 
tato vines with the Bordeaux Mixture has 
already been discussed in the R. N.-Y'. I 
do not much believe it is practical on a 
large scale, still I have never tried it. 
Next year I mean to experiment a little. 
Something must be done or wliat with 
bugs, beetles and blight potato-growing in 
New Jersey is doomed. 
There are a number of other things in 
the report that I do not feel much interest 
in. These scientists must have had a first- 
rate time, but unless the agricultural 
papers take up their essays and put them 
into simpler form the common farmers of 
the country will never be much wiser. 
JERSEYMAN. 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEPYED. 
L imiting of fortunes. The r. 
N.-Y. has received a note from what 
purports to be “ The United Service Club ” 
of Washington, D. C. The object of this 
club is “to curb covetousness,” by lim¬ 
iting the aggregate property in any form 
of individual ownership, to some fixed and 
reasonable sum, condemning the surplus 
as a public nuisance and a public peril. 
To briug about this desired result, the fol¬ 
lowing amendment to the United States 
Constitution is proposed: 
“No citizen or resident or investor in 
any or all States, Territories or Districts, 
comprising the United States, shall be per¬ 
mitted to possess, in all kinds of property, 
an aggregate value of more than Ten Mil¬ 
lions of dollars; which sum shall be the 
limit of private property in any individ¬ 
ual, joint-individual, guardian, trustee, or 
other form or device of private estate own¬ 
ership. And whenever and wherever such 
private ownership or holding shall be found 
to exceed the limit above named, the sur¬ 
plus shall all be condemned as a public 
nuisance and a public peril, and be accord¬ 
ingly confiscated into the United States 
Treasury; from which it shall be from 
time to time, apportioned among all the 
State Treasuries. And the States, etc., 
shall, each and all, enforce this Amendment 
by necessary or penal legislation: failing 
which, Congress shall so enforce it.” 
Why make the sum so small ? Too many 
of us are in danger of collecting the small 
sum of $10,000,000! 
A Business Education.— Circulars from 
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an exquisite Skiu Beautifler, prepared from It, ex¬ 
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Sold everywhere. Price Cuticura. 50c ; Resolvent, 
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Send for “ How to Cure Skin Diseases.” 
Bryant & Stratton Business College, Buf¬ 
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tW Pimples, blackheads, chapped and oily skin 
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be of service to anybody who ever expects 
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t Dull Aches, Pains and Weaknesses Instantly 
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Rice and Its By-Products.—B ulletin 
from the Louisiana Experiment Station. 
This is an interesting pamphlet, particular¬ 
ly so to the farmers in the Gulf States, who 
find rice a very important crop. It serves 
to feed the hired help on the Southern plan¬ 
tations as cheaply as any other product of 
the soil. Farmers in sections of the coun¬ 
try where rice cannot be grown will be 
most interested in what is said about the 
by-products of the crop. These products 
are rice-bran, rice-polish, rice-straw, rice- 
hulls and rice-hull ashes. They are mainly 
valuable as cattle foods. While their pro¬ 
duction is necessarily limited, analyses 
show them to be so valuable, as compared 
with other foods, that a few enterprising 
feeders might strike a real bonanza by se¬ 
curing all they can of these rice by-prod- 
ducts before the general public can discov¬ 
er their real value. In 1880 the total prod¬ 
uct of rice in this country was 110,131,373 
pounds. It was all grown in eight States. 
It will thus be seen that the total amount 
of the by-products cannot be very great, 
still the few enterprising men who are will¬ 
ing to experiment with these foods and 
learn their true value, will, in the R. N.¬ 
Y.’s opinion, be well repaid. Rice-bran, 
about the only one of the products, as rice- 
polish is a small part of the total grain 
worth considering, sells in New Orleans at 
$6 to $7 per ton. The following analyses 
show the value of these rice products as 
compared with others better known. 
K 
M 
r 
< 
X 
X 
•< 
3 
a 
fa 
b 
O 
si 
< *• 
if 
< 
fa 
2 
fa 
U X 
Rice-bran . 
10.67 
11.10 
9.97 
10 95 
11.29 
46 02 
Rice-polish 
10.63 
5 45 
7.02 
2.62 
10.94 
63 34 
Wheat-bran 
12.08 
5IM 
3 67 
8.55 
14 82 
55 04 
Rye-bran 
12.30 
8.62 
2.19 
3 51 
15.23 
63 12 
It will be seen from the above that rice- 
bran is particularly rich in fats. It is well 
suited for use in a butter ration when fed 
with clover hay. In fact, the bran is better 
suited to feed with the best of fodders and 
will not answer to feed with poor fodders 
like straw or inferior hay. 
Hudson’s Bicycle Cultivator.—C ircu- 
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