require from 10 to 25 per cent, more feed., whether 
of grain or grass, and the carcass is never worth 
as much per pound by 5 to 10 per cent. The 
Scotch and Devons will not mature as well at 
three years as the Herefords will at two, or at 
four years, as the Herefords at three years. 
I believe that this is a fair statement of the 
standing of these four classes of cattle. This 
standing has been maintained for 100 years. 
And still in America the progress of the Here¬ 
ford has been slow; he has been overshadowed 
by ihe Short-horn. About the beginning of 
HEREFORD BULL, SEVENTY-SIX. 
The Scotch and Devons, when matured, are of 
good quality, and will command on the market 
an equal price with the Herefords. It is possi¬ 
ble that from the stall they will commaud a 
shade better price; but from the pasture the 
Hereford has uo equal. 
the present century the Herefords were selling 
in England as butchers’ beasts for often as high 
as 5500 for a single animal, and at the Smithfield 
show, in London, they commanded for several 
years the leading premiums, and always the 
best market price. I am hoping to get the | 
HEREFORD BULL, SUCCESS. 
data by which I may discover the process by 
which the Short-horns have secured their more 
general adoption in England aud America. I 
have secured this data to some extent for this 
country; but this is not conclusive, as their 
popularity had, to 6ome extent, begun in Eng¬ 
land before it appeared 
here. 
In the year 1840 the 
first large importation of 
Herefords was made by 
Mr. W. H. Sotham. Mr. 
Erastus Corning, of Al¬ 
bany, having an interest 
with him in this im¬ 
portation. Soon after¬ 
wards another and larger 
purchase was made by 
the same parties, but this 
entire purchase was lost 
on the way from Eng¬ 
land. Besides this effort 
theie had been from one 
to four or five animals 
brought over at different 
times by different parties. 
The Hon. Henry Clay, 
of Ky., imported some 
animals in 1817; so did 
Aston & Humphries, of 
Ohio, in 1853 ; and F. W. 
Slone, of Gpelph, Can¬ 
ada, in 1860 or 61. The 
Clay importation made 
many friends for the 
Herefords. 
Aston & Humphries’ 
importation made consid¬ 
erable progress; so did 
Mr. Stone’s. But of this 
it may be said that the 
Herefords were over¬ 
shadowed by the Short¬ 
horn interest in Mr. 
Stone’s hands, as he was 
largely engaged in the breeding of Short-horns 
at the time he imported the Herefords. It is 
of the Sotham importation that I will speak 
more particularly. 
Mr. Sotham, in 1840, made an importation 
of 13 Herefords. From that date the Hereford- 
Short-horn controver¬ 
sy continued for 20 
years, more or less, 
with varying fortune. 
The descendants of 
these cattle are now 
bred in their purity in 
many pans of the 
country; the most 
prominent breeder be¬ 
ing the Hon. John 
Merryman, of Cock- 
cysville, Md. He has 
made several importa¬ 
tions from Englaud, 
and several purchases 
from Mr. Stone, of 
Canada, and also from 
the Aston A Humph- 
iies’ importation and 
one from myself, thus 
keeping up his out- 
crossess, and to-day 
he has a very fine herd. 
Representatives of the 
Corning and Sotham 
importations may be 
i'ouud in different 
parts of the country, 
from Maiue to Colora¬ 
do. And as the Here¬ 
fords are coming to 
the front and their 
merits are being re¬ 
cognized, these cattle 
are taking a promi¬ 
nent position. 
I met a gentleman at 
one of our State Fairs 
Ijcr&smait. 
OUR ANIMAL PORTRAITS. 
In the issue before last we presented to our 
readers an illustration 
of the Hereford cow, 
Empress, a traus-Atlan- 
tic celebrity ; this week 
we give them a eouple.of 
excellent likenesses of 
the Hereford bulls, Suc¬ 
cess aud Seveuiy-six, fine 
specimens of the cis-At- 
lantic branch of the 
breed. The portrait of the 
former was taken wheu 
he was six years old, and 
that of the latter when 
he was two years old. 
Success has been at the 
head of the Hereford 
herd belonging to T. L. 
Miller of Beecher. Ill., 
for the last five years; 
Seveiay-six follows him 
on bis heifers. Mr. Mil¬ 
ler, we learn, has been 
very successful with the 
Herefords and has now a 
herd of nearly 300 head 
of thoroughbreds, 150 of 
which are females. He 
writes us that he has bred 
during the past year 150 
head of thoroughbred 
calves. The rapidly 
growing popularity of 
this breed, especially in 
the great beef-producing 
regions of the West, has 
led us to place before our 
readers, in the following 
article, what one of the 
most prominent breeders of that strain in the 
country, has to say in their behalf. 
-—-- 
HEREFORD CATTLE. 
In speaking for the Herefords, I would say 
that as dairy cows 
they stand well, giving 
rich milk; but crossing 
them upon native cows 
produces a better dairy 
cow than the thor¬ 
oughbred. There are 
records of their dairy 
qualities, that give 
them a standing amoug 
the best of dairy stock. 
But it is as a beef 
breed that they stand 
preeminently above all 
other breeds. Consid¬ 
ered as to their market 
value, they always 
bring the top price. 
Considered as to their 
grazing qualities, they 
are clearly the best 
grazers—the best grass 
animals iu the world. 
Considered as to their 
feeding qualities, on 
high feed they will 
give larger returns 
than any other breed 
for the amount of feed 
cousumed. Their com¬ 
petitors are the Short¬ 
horns, Scotch and De¬ 
vons. 
The Short-horns will 
mature as early ; they 
will make equal 
weights, but to secure 
early maturity aud 
equal weights, they will 
VOI,. XXXVIJI. No. 16. 
WHOLE No. 1525. 
NEW YORK CITY, APRIL 19, 1879. 
f PRICE FIVE CENTS. 
I 82.00 PER YEAR. 
