nj Cts. a pound ; number 13, 12f cts. Bought 
in lots of five bundles, a discount of 50 per 
cent, is given. Galvauized wire is the same in 
all respects, except that only a discount of 40 
per cent, is given on five bundles. Each bundle 
of numbers 13 and 13 weighs 63 pouuds. 
Washburn aud Moeu, 21 Cliff St., N. Y., sell 
the wire. 
Miscellaneous. 
J. S. M. W-, Whitby., asks 1, arc the corn 
premiums to be awarded according to the 
number of kernels planted, or from the num¬ 
ber that grew; 2, in making out the average 
number of ears per stalk, should the actual 
number of stalks lie considered or the number 
of kernels planted ? 
Ans. —The premiums will be awarded ac¬ 
cording to the number of kernels planted 
We announced this last spring when the corn 
was distributed. Some kernels were unsound, 
others small and broken, and the number of 
kernels sent to applicants was not the same in 
all cases, as this would have necessitated our 
conutiug the couteuts of each package. To 
obviate any injustice from this inequality in 
number, aud to be fair to all, we stated that 
each competitor could reject all kernels he 
considered worthless, and in the report notify 
us of ihc number planted, which should then 
form the basis for awarding the premiums. 
2. From the actual number of stalks. 
,/. M. G-, Tnllahoma, Team. , asks, 1, for 
directions for cultivating the tea plant; 2. are 
leaves worth anything for fertilizing purposes, 
aud which are best—oak or hickory leaves. 
Ans.— 2, This question will shortly be 
answered at length in the Rural. 2, Dry 
leaves should not be used as a fertilizer ; but 
when they have been composted for a couple 
of years and the heap turned three or four 
times in that period, leaf mold is formed, which, 
applied in liberal quantities, may be used as a 
fertilizer. It is an indispensable soil for pot- 
plants. Practically there is no difference be¬ 
tween mold from leaves of Oak aud Hickory. 
Gather either or both, as may be most con¬ 
venient. 
F. McM., Red Bank. N. asks 1, where he 
can obtaiu Draoama stocks for propagating; 2, 
where he can get seeds of Pandauus utilis, 
Latania Borbonica and similar plants; 3, 
whether there is a variegated Heliotrope in the 
market; 4, bow late will it do to plant Hya¬ 
cinths aud Tulips, aud will they make any 
growth in the fall, if planted. 
Ans.— Apply to Win. Beuuet, Flatbusb, L. I , 
or to W. C. Wilson, Astoria, N. Y., for Dracaena 
stocks; 2, of J. M. Thurburn. 15 John St., N. 
Y. 3, We know of but one variegated Heliotrope 
and it is not a type of excellence. 4. They may 
be planted as long as the ground is open. They 
will make no growth above ground in the fall, 
but they will make a growth downward in 
formatiou of roots. 
Rose Farm, Red Bank, N J., referring to 
Abel, Hoyt <St Son's sheep account, published 
in Rural of Nov. 8, says he doesn’t understand 
how the expenses for feed and care are got rid 
of, as no mention is made of that item in the 
statement of profits given. 
Ans. —We presume that the $128.35 with 
which the tloek of 18eives aud oue ram.is credit¬ 
ed over and above the price paid for them, must 
he offset against their keep, which would leave 
a handsome balance of profit, after deducting 
the cost of the ordinary care and maintenance 
which, according to thu statement, was all they 
received. The actual expense of keeping them, 
we shall be pleased to publish, should the 
Messrs. Hoyt furnish it to us. 
G. R. B., Broken Straw. W. Y., asks, 1, 
whether grass seed would “ catch ” better, if 
dragged iu after sowing wiuter wheat; 3. if it 
would injure the wheat to do so in the sprimr; 
3, is there any sure way to get rid of Canada 
thistles where there are but a few ; will repeated 
cuttings kill them. 
Ans. —1 Yes. We drill in our wheat aud 
sow timothy and clover aud then roll. But this 
might not prove advisable it the land is clayey. 
2. No. 3. Yes. By repeated cutting. Where 
there are but few, it is as well to dig them up 
carefully. 
B. .4.. South Loioell, Ala., sends a part of a 
plaut uud asks for its name. 
Ans. Eupatorium fceuiculaeeura. 
II. II. L., Selden, L L, asks where seed of 
Jerusalem artichoke can be had. 
Ans —From any large seedsman, Peter 
Henderson,35 CortlaudtSt., N. Y., sells strong 
tubers for 25 cents per quart. 
Communications received fob the week ending 
Saturday. Nov. *2d. 
J. M. G.—E. G. T. B.—J. S. M. W.—M. M.—J. S.— 
L. A. R.—G. W. M.—P. It. F.-J. B. K.-C. P.— 
v. u. w.—S. T.—A. W. M. (have sent)—A. R. l. 
I)., best thanks.—II. S.—o. W. I).—H. C. W.—j. 
S. W.—F. K. M.—M.M., thanks.-J. A.—M. L. II.— 
I. It. T.—C. £. L.-E, W. B.-R. L. S.-F. K. M.— 
G. M.-C. IX—>1. L. S.-T. G. L.-J. W. 
W. It. C., M. 1).—E. IX—M, L. 8.—G. U.-G, IX— 
G. D. 8.—I. A , thanks.—J. I.. E.—J. G. B.—IX B.— 
J. P. B.-O. F. B.—T. G. I, —G, W. B.—O. A. S.— 
8. R. M —A. C. W.—C. F. It.—J. M. D.—W. J. S.— 
U.S.-N, K.-lt.-J. H.-P. lt.-K. M. A.—A. D. 
M. —S. L. J.—I*. C. A.—H. T. A.—M. C. A.—E. K 
B.-C. W. G.-F. IX C.-S. R. M.-J. Q. R. 
THE RURAL NEW- /ORKER 
Various. 
WHAT OTHERS SAY. 
Butter Making. —The Earl of Bessborough 
has issued a letter to his tenants in Ireland, 
which is full of useful hints. We reproduce 
the following; “ For the information of those 
who have not yet been able to make good but¬ 
ter I offer the following suggestions-. Have a 
separate room for your milk, well ventilated, 
but not too light, far away from stable, pig¬ 
gery, or manure heap. The floor should be of 
flags, tiles, or concrete, very close and evenly 
made, so that it eau be easily washed without 
leaving any substance behind likely to create a 
bad smell, as it would be injurious to your 
milk and butter. Clay floors are very bad. Be 
sure not to use your milk room for auy other 
purperee than your milk and butter. Wash 
the cow’s udder before milking, and your 
own hands before commencing with each cow. 
Use the finest hair strainer you can get. Keep 
all your milk vessels scrupulously clean; never 
use soap iu cleansing your milk vessels, nor 
even in washing your hands, when engaged 
with your milk or butter. Do not keep your 
milk too long standing before churning. Twuu- 
ty-four to thirty-six or forty-eight hours, ac¬ 
cording to the temperature of the weather, 
will be enough. Avoid all touching of the 
butter by the hand. Use the best salt, made 
very fine. Wash and press all the. milk out of 
the butter before sailing, using plenty of cold 
spriug water. You cannot be too careful about 
this. In packing in firkins, get the best you 
can of well-seasoued oak, beech or ash, clean- 
lookiug and smooth ou ihe iuside, and bring 
them clean to market. Iu preparing your fir¬ 
kins let them be filled the day before wanted 
with boiling water, let stand until cold, then 
rinse with clean cold water, into which a 
couple of handfuls of salt have been put. This 
will make your firkins sweet and staueh. Pack 
your butter in the firkin as closely as possible, 
and send it to market as soon as you can. 
Let cleanliness be your constant care, from 
the milking of the cows until you bring your 
butter to the market." 
Seed Corn.— Rarely do farmers question 
the quality of the seed they use. though often¬ 
times it would be profitable to discard the seed 
at hand and purchase anew, even at a high 
price. In Dr. Sturtevant’s experience, as given 
iu Land aud Home, he has had crops of 55 
bushels aud 410 bushels of shelled corn per 
acre from the same field ; one half planted 
with seed from one source and the other half 
with seed from another source. He asserts 
emphatically that the most important, and the 
tn>st difficult to attain, of all the conditions 
necessary to secure a yield nf J00 bushels of 
corn to the acre, is this oue of good seed. In 
order to obtain it we must use seed which has 
come from prolific plants, and whose parents 
have inherited prolificacy from both sides. Of 
course, every one knows that the tassel bears 
the male element, the pollen ; while the silk is 
the female organ, which is to receive the pol¬ 
len and transmit it to the ovary. As the con¬ 
ditions are such that the plant seldom self- 
fertilizes, the importance of securing pollen 
from prolific plants is recognized as beiug iu 
accordance with correct theory aud sound 
practice. 
Iu order to secure these practical conditions, 
the good seed must he bred. Just before 
commencement of the bloom—before the silk 
is ready to receive pollen—we should pass 
through the field aud cut away every infertile 
stalk, or every one which does not bear dis¬ 
tinct sigus of large earing capacity. Thus, 
the polleu which fulls a few days later, will be 
only from desirable plants—from plants bear¬ 
ing ears—as all others have been removed 
from the field. 
Wintering Geraniums, by those who are 
not provided with a greenhouse, may be done 
in a well lighted house cellar which never 
freezes. Take the piauts up carefully, cut 
them back freely, so as to give a good future 
shape; place them in a shallow box about two 
feet square (a size which wilt hold a large 
number) and fill in perfectly and compactly 
anioug the roots with damp sawdust. Plat e 
the box against the largest and lightest win¬ 
dow, aud wet the sawdust two or three times 
during winter. If the cellar is cool they 
will grow but little; if warmer, they will 
make a small growth. It will be seen that 
the object is to imitate their condition in 
a greenhouse; giving light, moderate but 
sufficient moisture, and a temperature so low 
that they will remain nearly dormant- Early 
in spring start them iu a hot-bed, aud set out iu 
open grouud as soon as the season is warm 
enough. This treatment, alter a number of 
years'trial, has never failed. It requires but 
little care or skill, and almost uo labor except 
taking up. A brilliant elliptical bed, ten by 
twenty feel, was densely filled this year with 
piauts wintered in tills way. Toe directions we 
sometimes see to hang up the deutided roots 
in a cellar, will apply to those cellars only 
which happeu to possess the right temperature 
a nd dampness, and will entirely fail in nearly all 
cases.“ This is from theJCountry Gentleman. 
This plan of wintering Geraniums by hanging 
them up in the cellar, we condemned from the 
start: first, because it seemed senseless: second, 
because we tried it and failed. But we see 
that the plau is still advised by some country 
journals. 
Top-Dressing. —“How much manure do 
you apply to the acre ?” 
*• On an average, twelve loads.” 
“At what time of the year do you make 
the application ?” 
“ I make it a point to have my manure 
evenly spread on my field just before the equi¬ 
noctial storm. The rains carry into the soil 
all the ingredients that give growth power. 
Then comes winter, throwing its warm and 
fleecy mantle over the earth, which keeps the 
results of leaching there. When spring returns 
and the snow melts away, the grass quickly 
puts forth its blades, bearing a richness of 
green and thrift that I do not observe when 
the manure is plowed iu, for the reason that in 
top-dressing, the nutritious elements of the 
manure are where they ought to be—where 
the roots eau luxuriate in them. I find, too, 
that the soil holds the productive elements 
successfully fur at least three years. My idea 
is that when manure is plowed iu, a large 
share of its virtue never enriches that portion 
of the soil where the grass takes root. Man¬ 
ure leaches more than it evaporates ; we want 
to eiirieb our soil, not our hard-pan.”—Cor. 
Am. Cultivator. 
Ensilage.— ‘ T have the impression” says Prof. 
Arnold iu the Home Magazine,of Ontario “that 
ensilage will not bo likely to meet the high anti¬ 
cipations of some of its advocates. . . . When 
dairymen will adopt the practice of cuttiug 
the winter food for their dairies early, while it 
is iu its best condition, instead of leaving it to 
ripen till it loses in value and digestibility be¬ 
cause it will dry quicker, there will be little 
occasion for ensilage to improve the quality or 
increase the quantity of milk. For this purpose 
dried grass aud other d tied food, with such greeu 
roots as can be easily preserved, it is believed 
will be found cheaper aud superior to thesame 
material fermented iu silos. Whatever the 
result may prove wheu fully tested, it will be 
the part of wisdom to move cautiously in its 
adoption." 
Feeding Young Calves.— “Young calves 
tbftf are intended for dairy cows eventually,’* 
says Prof. Sheldon, in “Dairy Farming,” 
should always be allowed to receive a sufficient 
quantity of milk for the first three or foil? 
weeks ; after this period skim milk may be fed 
to them, but it must be improved by ground 
linseed, with ground wheat or oatmeal added. 
Aud these additions to skim-milk should al¬ 
ways be boiled or steamed, and not given raw to 
the calves—uot so much that they may possibly 
do harm iu the raw slate as that they aie made 
more effective and more easily digested by 
having been cooked, and the food when it is 
given to the calf, should be at a temperature 
of 95 deg. tobS deg. which is the temperature 
of the milk in the cow’s udder." 
Largest Yield of Wheat.— A shoit time 
ago, says the Indiana Farmer, Gen. John Gib¬ 
bon, of St. Paul, made the assertion that one 
hundred bushels of wheat bad been raised on 
an acre of ground iu the Territory of Montana. 
The statement having beeu received with in¬ 
credulity, he wrote to the president of the 
First National Bank, in Helena, for proof, fa 
reply he received the certificate of the presi¬ 
dent und secretary of the Territorial Fair As¬ 
sociation that oue James L. Ray, of Lewis aud 
Clark county, was awarded first premium for 
the beslaere of wheat, being oue hundred and 
two bushels to the acre. This is believed to be 
the largest yield of wheat ou record. 
GOOD FOR MAN. 
Inflammation of at) kinds, Diphtheria, Wounds, 
Bruises, Burns, Sprains, Rheumatism, Sore T!iro;tt, 
Swelling- of the Glands, Inflammation of the Eyes, 
Broken Breast, Frost Bites, Chilblains, Piles, Bee 
Stings and all sores. 
GOOD FOR BEAST. 
Fresh Wound ♦Galls. Sprains, Bruises, Cracked Heel, 
King Bone. Poll Evil, Wind Galls, Spavins, Sweeney, 
Founder. Lameness, Sami Cracks. Scratches or Grease. 
Mange, Horse Distempers, Etc., Etc. 
Cures (target, Sore Teats and Ba^s, and all 
Sores and Swellings in Cows and Oxen. 
For more extended remarks and for a large number 
of testimonials voluntarily sent to us by the persons 
whose signatures are attached, we refer you to our 
Circular Pamphlet arouud bottle. 
We would say to Livery Stable Keepers, make it a 
point never to lie without this grent remedy It is a 
cheap, efficient and sore medicine. With this “ Per- 
mador" there is no such word As “ Fail.” It never 
blisters, but cools. Price 25 and 5<i cents. Sold by all 
druggists. 
0. RANSOM* SON & CO.. 
BUFFALO, >/ V. 
Halladay Standard. 
VICTORIOUS AT 
Phila., 1876—Paris, 1878 
25 Years in Use. 
GUARANTEED SUPERIOR 
To auy other Windmill Made. 
17 SUES I MAN TO 45 HORSE PO* in 
Adopted by the Irwh’ii'j It. R. Co.'s 
awl t>v the IS. S. Curt, at 
yurts ,(mi Cturrisons. 
$3,500,000 worth now iu Use. 
Head for Catalogue "B" and 
Price List. 
U. S. WIND EMI. & PUMP CO., 
Batavia, Ill. 
NEW IRON TURBINE 
WIND ENGINE 
The Strongest mid dlost Durable Wind En¬ 
gine in the World, solil by Iteftlers in 
nearly every t'ounly. I mini re for it. 
Every Wind Engine Fully M nrrnnted. 
Send for Circulars, Price-List and information to 
MAST, FOOS <fc CO., 
Springfield. Ohio. 
It is an ill Wind, Etc.—J. J. Mechi, the well- 
known Euglish|farmer, says that farm imple¬ 
ments are “dirt cheap,” hardly salable at auy 
price. A steam plow and apparatus, complete, 
£34—$164 56—a good mowing machine. 30s.— 
$7.26— his man saw them sold. “ This is a rare 
time for a •goiug-in ’ farmer," he says, “ fur 
we may reasonably expect some hot. dry, 
cracking seasous, when grain will thrive, even 
on undrained clays. Cheap rents, cheaper ma¬ 
chinery aud ImpUments, and cheap live stock, 
are all in favor of goiog-iu teuauts or expired 
leaseholders ; so it is an ill wind that blows 
nobody good, but landowners are in a fix.” 
Two Against One.— We hear of a small but 
mean trick that has been practiced by certain 
grocers upon some of our readers who are 
marketing potatoes in this city. The dealer 
and one of his clerks assist in unloading, and 
both keep tally, as well as the farmer. When 
the load is measured out, the grocer and his 
clerk count up their tally marks aud fiud that 
both accounts are alike aud a few half bushels 
short of the tally kept by thu farmer. As there 
are twoagaiust oue, the latter has to accept 
the situatiou and lose the price of a few bush¬ 
els of potatoes. This trick has been played so 
many limes that farmers should be put ou 
their guard against it.—Indiaua Farmer. 
The Rural New-Yorker will be sent from 
now until January 1st, 1881, for $2.00. 
WINGER’S IMPROVED 
WIND-MILL FEED GRINDER. 
Operated by pumping Wind-Mills. A 
[ novel and perfect feed mill for grinding 
I all kinds "( grain for stock arid house 
use. '. heap,reliable.imldurable. Agent-s 
wanted everywhere. Also the old ant 
reliable Hiover the well Died, strong, 
durable and self regulating, solid wtu-el 
_I Wisi' Mil.T.. which took the Centennial 
diploma an well as grand medal. Brunch office. Green- 
Castle, l a Send for catalogue to SJTOYKK WIND EN¬ 
GINE CO., Freeport. 111. E. B. Winger,G en. Manager. 
Eclipse Victorious 
at Paris Exposition. 
Awarded 1 st Prize Medal 
over aft others. 
We build 17 sizes Wind 
Mills for Farm Pumps and 
Power Purposes 
The strongest Wind Mill 
1 o the world 
Send for Catalogue No. 1. 
EC'-lPSt WIND MIU CD. B»Mt, wo. 
Printing Press 
• i'rlrm olnblatoli Ac, (Srlf- lr r$5) IB la- : 3 
E* nr or jiliasuiw. jsHiiicorolii. Do 
j . r J j - ,u - :l '"t H' 1 ■.. - , - YT't‘. , , 
loi 2 aUuu^c. Lclacy A \Jo. iieriuen, «.'■_. 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
Inside, 14th and tbth pages (Agate space). ,4Uo. per a - 
“ 13th nage................ go »• 
Outside or last page.. ft) • 
Fifty per ot. extra for unusual display. 
Discount on 4 insertions, 6 per ot.: 8 ins., lu per ot. 
13 ins., 16 per ct.; 38 ins., 30 per et.; 63 ins., 25 per ot. 
W No advertisement inserted for less than S3. 
