THE BUBAL HEW-¥OB!REB 
DEC. 27 
power engine and large ensilage cutter placed 
near the silo, cutting the ‘talks 4-10 inch, and 
elevating the fodder over the wall into it. where 
two men spread and trampled it. Straw, about 
13 in. thick, was spread over it; a layer of 1-Jin. 
planks covered the whole crosswise, on 
cut when too 
roasting ears, 
being dried and frost-bitten. This 
Bilo not being finished 
among the spectators by a challenge trial be¬ 
tween his device and others; the Surprise 
Churn, exhibited hy Morsely & Stoddard, gave 
it such a close race that the other was. owing 
to one of those mishaps that always occur in a 
race where one party is a little faster than the 
other, left slightly iu the rear, much to the 
gratification of these enterprising manufac¬ 
turers of dairy implements. 
Mr. Jas. B. Gilbrrds shows a new model of 
the Jamestown return butter pail with a patent 
fastening that does away with the old objec¬ 
tionable" ears" that wore always sticking up in 
the way, so that one tub could not be set upon 
another, and greatly hindering the very neces¬ 
sary process of “ stripping." This contrivance, 
the “ Optimus," as it is called, consists of a 
sliding lever, with galvanized fiat hooks, that 
\ Good Deodoriser. 
In our vicinity arc numerous kilns where 
largf quantities of wood are burned into char¬ 
coal for nse in the iron furnaces located at 
Appleton. The screenings, or fine coal, are 
thrown out as useless. I haul a load of the 
stuff now and then for use aa a deodorizer, 
using it freely iu the stables, the privy vault, 
the pig-pen, the hennery; in fact, iu every 
place from which foul odors arise. I find that 
it answers that purpose better than any other 
substance which I can use, not only adding 
to the health and comfort of ray family, but 
to tbe well-being of the pigs and chickens as 
well. I cannot say how much real value 
there Is in charcoal as a mauure. (This was ex¬ 
plained in *' Querist" ot a late issue. Eds) ; but 
believe that when it is mixed thoroughly with 
other manure, as in this case, it adds mater- 
Bpruee 1 
which were placed about 53 Lons of 6touo. 
The stalks, however, were 
mature, some of them having 
and some I 
delay was owing to the 
in time. Notwithstanding this, the ensilage 
was found to be iu excellent preservation, with 
a very thin crust (2 in.) of adhesive steamed 
fodder, which readily separated from the bright, 
pale mass of fodder. The fodder was at first 
sour to the taste, the result of the delay in 
cutting; but oo exposure to the air for a few 
hours, it became sweet with natural color, aud 
taste slightly alcoholic, and all the cattle, sheep 
and hogs eat it greedily. 
The cost of the double side was about $500. 
and the cost of the corn-fodder does not exceed 
75 cents per ton. The proprietor, Mr. J. M. 
Bailey, is greatly pleased with the results, aud 
will ensilage a much larger quantity the coming 
season. Mr. Morris, of Maryland, is also pre¬ 
paring to raise 1,000 toue for ensilage. 
J. B. Bkown. 
CONSTRUCTION OF SNOW-PLOW 
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY FAIR. 
(Continued from last week.) 
Dairy Implements and 4’altle Exhibits. 
Lincoln's Patent Creamery comes next. This 
is exceedingly simple in construction. The 
ice chamber, oue-third, as usual, of the box, 
has a conical bottom aud turns back from the 
cans on a hinge, and is held in place by two 
leather straps. The eaus have no covers aud 
no fancy fixings for removing the cream or 
skimmed milk. This must be done with a 
dipper. 
In butter coloring materials there are numer¬ 
ous displays. Wells, Richardson & Co., so 
wellaud favorably known iu ibis connection, 
make, as usual, a very fine display, pointing 
out the necessity for supplying the uniform 
color to butler that the cows do not always 
succeed in producing. There are also fine dis¬ 
plays by Mrs. B. Smith, who claims many new 
and valuable improvements in the goods she 
now produces. There are also flue foreign ex¬ 
hibits in this liue, notably Mr. Chr. Hansen s 
We here present a snow-plow whlc 
construction, is superior to any othe 
ment of the kind that we have seen 
doubtedly the ease, this firm manes a lair prom 
in selling an article of superior quality for $30 
a ton, which is worth $40, then the other firm 
which sells, at the same price, an article whose 
trade value is only $27.56, aud another for $35 
which is worth but $29, must make exorbit¬ 
ant, or at least unreasonable profits. The 
farmers, of course, pay these excessive profits, 
and they will continue to be fleeced after this 
fashion as long as they will buy commercial 
manures without any guarantee as to their 
composition, or even with a guarantee, if they 
do not make some provision for haviug the 
statements of the dealers tested and verified, 
from time to time, hy expert and disinterested 
chemists. If dealers know that, as iu the State 
of New York as well as m&uy other States, 
their statements of the composition of their 
manures will in all f robability not be tested, it 
is not to be expected of average human nature, 
in the face of so much competition as there is 
in the fertilizer trade, that such statements 
will be as carefully made as when they are in¬ 
tended for localities where a rigid scrutiny is 
exercised. I might, if space permitted, present 
many illustrations of the position that these 
guarantees need verification. 
The average cost per ton of superphosphate 
offered for sale last year and this in Connecti¬ 
cut, has been very nearly $38: bone-meal is 
therefore somewhat cheaper. Superphosphates 
contain generally a little less nitrogen than 
bone-meals and much less phosphoric acid, 
the average proportion being not over 12 per 
cent., of which about half is soluble in water, 
while none of the acid in bone-meal is directly 
soluble. The nitrogenous substance of the 
bone-meal, which is most Intimately associated 
with the phosphate of lime, soon putrefies iu 
the soil, and is supposed to assist very materi¬ 
ally in bringing the phosphate into solution, 
hence all ihe phosphate in bone-meal may be 
regarded as existing there in a condition of 
medium solubility. On the other hand, it is a 
The Vermont Machine Company show a 
patent “Evaporator," contrived for perfectly 
taking the water out of anything. The farmer 
nearly every year is overrun with some one or 
more of the various kinds of fruits. What to 
do with the surplus that he sees rotting about 
him is a serious question. This machine solves 
the problem. It coudeuses into jelly, or 
sirup, or sugar, thus placing the fruit iu a 
shape which cau he preserved or shipped in 
the least bulk, aud upon a paying basis. War¬ 
ren's glass milk vessel for delivering milkfiesli 
and genuine, a method that Is likely to revol¬ 
utionize milk-delivery iu large cities, is ex¬ 
hibited by the Dairy 8upply Company, and 
should be well studied by all who are Interested 
iu this brauch of dairying. 
A new thing on the market is here intro¬ 
duced—fresh cream from Iowa. The West 
will never get doue surprising us, aud at last 
we are able to eat fresh, sweet, rich cream a 
thousand miles from the cows that produced 
it. But let this enterprising gentleman tell his 
own tale. “Fresh, sweet cream! This ereatn 
is produced from healthy cows, fed upon the 
corn aud nutritious grasses of Iowa, the ban¬ 
ner dairy State of America.” That it is good 
we know from actual test. 
Among the large exhibitors the most 
prominent are Whitmau & Burrell, with 
quite a grand d'-splay of dairy utensils, mak¬ 
ing cheese aud creamery butter and doing 
things as usual on a grand scale, lbey ex¬ 
hibit cream-raising iu vats for factory purposes, 
and on a large scale. Among their novelties 
this year they show a seamless cheese-cloth or 
bandage, that works much more smoothly and 
keeps off the fly better than the old kind. 
They also have a model stable filled with cows 
that slipped into the fair without being ex¬ 
amined, and are now standing where Gen. 
Patrick said no cows should be. We hope the 
General aud every lady visitor has looked into 
this matter, and examined it for themselves. In 
their refrigerated cheese-vat they have intro¬ 
duced the improvement of puttiug ice in the 
hollow partition, through tbe eeutei. lheir 
general display is very fine, and does credit to 
the enterprise of the firm. 
Davis aud Fairlamb show a full line of their 
cans for handling cream by the Fairlamb pro¬ 
cess, also a new Stock Food Straiuer. 
cau be made by anybody accustomed to the 
use. of tools. Fig. 1 shows a side view of the 
plow when complete, and fig. 2 a ground-plan 
of the same. One-half of the bottom is left 
unboarded to show the construction of the 
frame, and in the other half is seen the side 
and the boarded floor. Fig. 3 represents a 
rear view, and fig. 4. a front view of the plow. 
Its construction is explained by the letters as 
follows : r, r, r, are the runners, ot which 
there are three, one being in the middle; 
in a small plow this middle runner can be 
remain in that condition in me sou, uui is 
sooner or later converted into a less soluble 
form, similar to that in the bone-meal, but with 
this advantage, however, that it is more uni. 
formly distributed over the surfaces of the 
particles of the soil. 
Putting all these considerations together, we 
need not be surprised at the claims sometimes 
made to the effect that better results have been 
obtained with bone-meal than with superphos. 
phate. Such a result would be more likely to 
occur with superphosphates made from mineral 
phosphate instead of bone-meal, since the in¬ 
soluble portion of such phosphate is usually 
quite insoluble and uuassimilable so far as its 
immediate usefulness is concerned. 
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 
omitted ; 11 are the top rails, b b, the braeeB 
and k k, clapboards. These overlap one 
another upwards to hold the plow the more 
steadily In the snow ; if they overlapped down¬ 
wards, there would be a tendency to lift the 
plow out of the snow. The flooring Is shown 
at f; w, w are iron bolts; c. c, floor beams; a, 
beams to resist pressure from the sides ; 1, a 
sheet-iron covering fastened on the front and 
THE CATTLE EXHIBITS AT THE DAIRY 
FAIR 
L. 8. HAKDfN 
It was early known that the managers of 
the International Dairy Fair, uow being held 
iu this city at the American Institute, intended 
to make extraordinary exertions to bring to¬ 
gether at this fair one of the finest collections 
of dairy cattle that had ever been exhibited. 
To that end, liberal premiums were offered 
and the breeders of fine cattle from ail parts of 
the country fully notified and requested to ex¬ 
hibit their cattle. Out of this clear sky, how¬ 
ever, came the thunderbolt that well-nigh 
blasted all their hopes. In pursuance with the 
legal precautions taken to prevent the spread 
of pleuro-pucurnouia, Gen. Patrick laid an 
embargo upon all cattle intended for the fair 
from mauy of the adjoining 8tates and coun¬ 
ties lying In the vicinity of thlB city. By 
Judicious exertion, however, about one hun¬ 
dred head, representing all the leading dairy 
breed*, have been brought together. 
ENSILAGE, 
The opening of the silo at “Winning Farm,” 
Bellerlca, Mass., Dec. 3, was attended by a 
number of agriculturists aud members of the 
press. This is the first American silo built 
exactly on the French plan, as discovered and 
invented by M. August© Goffart, after many 
years’ experimenting. The silo is double, each 
side, 40 ft. long, 13 ft. wide, 16 ft. deep, the 
whole being roofed, containing altogether 
about 50U tons when filled. One side was about 
half full, containing about 125 Urns of corn¬ 
stalks; the walls were concrete, 15 in. thick, 
and cemented smoothly on the inside. It was 
sealed with a small door on Bept. 80, after eight 
days employed In the cutting with 5J home- 
base of the sides to prevent the snow from 
enteriug the joints and also to give the front 
a smooth surface. The rnuners should be 
made of oak, aud iu addition they may be shod 
with iron; the rest of the timber cau be pine or 
spruce. This plow can be made of any desira¬ 
ble Bise, and if only a small light plow la 
wanted, the details ol construction need not 
