JUNE 2S 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
444 
latter, on account of the late frosts, will not be 
over a third of a crop. h. c. c. 
Heckatoo, Lincoln Co., Ark.—Wheat, pota¬ 
toes and fruits are not grown for market in 
this section. Corn is in the silk aud tassel— 
but little is grown hero save for homo use. 
This is strictly a cotton district, though all the 
above-named grow and flourish well, and could 
be made a means of much profit. jl\ .r. u. 
Da r ton, Liberty Co., Texas.—Corn and cot¬ 
ton are one month backward. Crops look tol¬ 
erably well. We had our first Voorhis water¬ 
melon yesterday, and the family pronounced it 
very good. The " Beauty of Hebron ” suc¬ 
cumbed to ent-worms—we did not save a po¬ 
tato. But the worst of all was the cattle 
breaking into my garden and destroying Blunt’s 
corn. It grew so finely aud gave me so much 
pleasure ! I arn surprised to learn that some 
are. dissatisfied with their seeds. Such folks 
av ill grumble if ever they get to heaven. Ther¬ 
mometer in the nineties. o. G. 
McKinney, Collin Co., Tex.,—This is our 
eighth Aveek without rain, being thelhid drought 
for this seasou. Most of our wheat is stacked. 
The oat harvest is going on—not a very good 
crop. Cotton is looking Avell, considering 
that the weather is so exceedingly dry. These 
are the days that try seed farming iu a scorch¬ 
ing crucible. w. c. n. w. 
Cornwallis, Kiugs Co., Nova Scotia.—The 
weather about the first of May Avas warm ; but 
for a fortnight it has been cold for the season, 
and very dry. Crops look well considering the 
want of more warmth and rain. Some fields 
of winter Avheat are very good; spring av heat 
and oats are well set, but suffering from lack 
of moi8tnre and heat. Potatoes are coming 
up strongly. Grass is well set. and forward. 
Apples are sotting pretty well. Borne fruits 
Avere injured by frost on the 27th ult. On the 
Avbole, farmers’ prospects arc good. c. c. h. 
Okono, Durham Co., Ontario, Cauuda.—The 
wheal crop generally could not appear better 
than at present, although a few farmers around 
here have found a grub at the root, and in 
some cases in the stalk, three or four inches 
from the ground. Potatoes and fruit of all 
kinds promise well. Corn is altogether behind, 
the weather being too eotd for this crop on ac¬ 
count of frequent cold shoAvers. av. m. 
[See paKO 4Iti for contimiutiou of Crop Reports.] 
®{jf Querist, 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
Trees Suitable for Ornamental L,a\vii Planting 
in llie South. 
J. J. E., Luting, Caldwell Co., Texas, asks 
what trees Avould be suitable for ornamental 
planting on a lawn in that, hot climate. Would 
Japanese Maple, Norway Bpruee, Irish Juni¬ 
per, Arbor-vita.', Magnolia, Cupe Jasmine be 
suitable. Last fall lie put out a considerable 
number of trees and shrubs for the purpose of 
testing their adaptability to that section, but 
the spring avivs so exceptionally dry that nearly 
all of them died. 
1. Tulip trees, any of the Southern Mag¬ 
nolias, Live Oaks, Buckeyes, ChesLnuts, Ca- 
talpas, Silver Maples, Mimosa (Acacia Jull- 
brissin), Paper Mulberries, BoxElder, etc., 
etc., may bo used as shade trees: upright 
and horizontal Cypresses, Chinese Arbor- 
vita! aud its golden variety; Pittosporum To- 
bira, Retinospora obtusa and squarrosa. Priv¬ 
ets, Japan Quinces, aud the like, as ever¬ 
greens; Altbaias, double-tlowering Almonds 
and Peaches, Forsythias, Deiilzlas, Mock- 
Oranges, Crape Myrtles, Lavender shrubs, 
Bridal Wreaths, aud many others, us decidu¬ 
ous shrubs. 
2. As regards Japanese Maples wo have no 
proof to the contrary, nevertheless we do not 
rccommeud them; Irish Junipers and Norway 
Spruces will not do well; Chinese Arbor-vibes 
do splendidly, but American Arbor-vibes will 
not thrive; most kinds of evergreen and de¬ 
ciduous Magnolias—oven the highly fragrant 
little banana shrub M. fuscata—do very well, 
their success mostly depending on the nature 
of the ground; Cape Jessamines are perfectly 
hardy at Luling. 
3- If you were to utilize some of the multi¬ 
tude of handsome treo6, shrubs, and herba¬ 
ceous plants indigenous to Texas, you could 
have lovely gardens filled with most suitable 
material. 
4. It would be unwise (or us or our corres¬ 
pondents to recommend plants for use in lo¬ 
calities where they have not been practically 
attested; we can suggest, however, and re¬ 
commend for trial. 
.V Many causes occasion failure, and in a 
dry soil and climate, uuwly Bet out plants have 
a bard battle to light. But Ave recommend 
strong well rooted plants that have been once 
or twice transplanted before, making no avoid¬ 
able delay between the time they leave the 
nursery and when they aru set out on your 
place; plant them in December rather than 
later; pack the soil firmly arouud the roots at 
planting timo aud keep its surface loose during 
the summer ; also apply a mulching of some 
open material, over the roots, for the first year, 
at any rate. 
Treatment or Heifer with Sore Throat. 
J. C. K., Fredericksburg, Va., has a three- 
months-old Alderney calf that breathes labori¬ 
ously, Avith a rattling noise, apparently in the 
nostrils, just below the eyes. On pressing the 
gullet slightly, a trembling motion is felt,, hut 
no soreness is apparent. The eyes are some¬ 
what duli and glaring. She feeds avcB, but 
docs not thrive as well as his other young 
calves of the same breed. Occasionally she 
coughs as if there were some obstruction in 
the throat, and now aud then her (tanks heave, 
and he asks what, ails her and how she should 
be treated. 
Ans. —The heifer suffers from a sore throat; 
there is no symptom at present of any more 
serious disease; nevertheless, the iullainma- 
tion may easily spread to the bronchial tubes 
and lungs and turn to bronchitis or pneumo¬ 
nia. The treatment should be active. Apply 
mustard paste to tbe throat where the unusual 
motion is felt, and rub it well into the skin. 
Wrap a woolen rag steeped in hot water arouud 
the throat afterwards. Give a small dose of 
Epsom salts, and afterwards one dram of salt¬ 
peter powdered line and mixed with honey or 
molasses, to bo placed iu the back part of the 
tongue to be swallowed. If the cough in¬ 
creases, extend the mustard application to the 
lower part of the throat and the sides of the 
chest, aud continue the saltpeter for two 
Avcoks, if necessary. 
Hawing Seeil for Permanent Pasture. 
./. B. B., Miller's fetation, Crawford, Co., Fa., 
has four acres of ground be intends to put into 
wheat this fall. Wishing to seed it down to 
permanent pasture, he asks whether it will do 
to sow orchard-grass iu the fall; what other 
kinds of grasses would it be advisable to sow 
with it, and how much of each. 
Ann. —If the grass is of greater importance 
than the wheat, it might bo bettor to abandon 
the latter and procure a certain catch of grass 
by seeding the ground at once, alone aud with¬ 
out any other crop with it. This may be done 
by ploAvmg and thoroughly harrowing the soil 
and sowiug two bushels |(35 lbs.) of orchard- 
grass, six pounds of timothy and six pounds 
of red clover per acre. This would give an 
excellent cover of grass and would furnish a 
cutting this fall aud a pasture early in the 
spring, or a crop of hay early next June and 
pasture after it. if thought desirable, white 
turnips may be sown with the grass (two lbs. 
per acre), aud these will give 300 bushels per 
acre iu the fall, aud will shade the grass and 
greatly help its successful growth. If wheat 
is desired, it should be soavu about the middle 
of August, and the grass seed, above-mentioned, 
sown with it. leaving the clover to be sown in 
the. spring. But this course Avould not pay 
nearly as well in the cud as the former one, as 
the hay gained would be worth more than the 
wheat, and one year’s time would be saved for 
the pasture. 
Howe Chafers. 
C. T., Miller svilie, O., scuds us some beetles 
and asks for their name. He finds them on 
liis corn Avliich they, iu some parts of the field, 
have badly damaged. He states that they have 
been in that locality three years. 
Ans. -The insects arc tbe Rose Chafers, Mac- 
rodactylus eubsplnosus. They have become 
serious pests to the grape growers of Michigan. 
Nothing seems to come amiss to them. Not 
only rose leaves, but the foliage of all fruit 
trees, together witli many garden vegetables, 
all minister to their voracious appetites. The 
beetles are slim, ochre yellow in color, three- 
eighths of an inch long, and possess very long 
feet—especially long are the last or tarsal 
joints; hence the generic name .Macrodactylus 
or long-finger beetle. Paris-green Avould 
quickly stay their work. It could be dusted 
or sprinkled on to the corn. 
Cheat or Chews. 
J. H. Cleveland, Tenn., asks whether 
cheat or chess will reproduce itself if left on 
the grouud. 
Ans. —Yes. The notion entertained by many 
fanners that chess grains will never grow, isjust 
as erroneous as that other whirnsey that wheat 
which has been injured by frost in tbe fall, or 
otherwise arrested iu its groAvth, is liable to 
turn into chess. Often, however, the fallen 
seeds remain until the ground is broken up, or 
put in a favorable state for their development. 
The host preventive of this and similar trouble¬ 
some posts in grain fields, is to sow none but 
good, clean seed. 
Treatment of iiutter that will not Gather. 
JI. A’., Copper Hill, iV. J., asks advice as to 
the treatment of butter that w111 not gather. 
Ans. —When butter will not gather by churn¬ 
ing iu the usual way, the difficulty begins in 
the food or health of tbe cow. This should be 
first looked after, and when corrected, gather¬ 
ing av* ill be possible agaiu. In cases Avhere but¬ 
ter will not gather when the churning is proper¬ 
ly done, the cream globules have been found to 
be largely optpposed of cells fillet! only with a 
watery scum in the place of being filled with fat. 
In other cases the globules are too small to 
churn, as when cows have been long in milk 
aud are drying off. Jn such instances an im¬ 
provement. may be effected by an increase of 
unctions matter in the food, thereby increas¬ 
ing the size of the glcbiffes of cream. Heating 
the new tnilk to 130°, and tooling quiekly, will 
greatly improve the gathering of butter from 
such milk. Butter also often fails to gather 
from being churned too cold, when Avarming 
must be the remedy. The cause, in any given 
ease, should be studied to be successfully re¬ 
moved. 
The llnwell t’enr. 
A Header, Brookline, Ma.ss., asks for a dis¬ 
tinctive description of the Howell Pear tree, 
as he is anxious to knew whether he has one 
Ans.—H owell: Tree a vigorous grower; 
hardy; upright at first, spreading when in 
bearing state; young shoots reddish : an early 
and profuse bearer. Fruit medium, roundish ; 
pyriform; light yellow, often shaded with red ; 
many minute russet dots, and sometimes 
patches of russet. Stock medium to long; 
cavity small. Flesh Avhitish, juicy, melting, 
brisk, a little viuous. Quality good to very 
good, not best. Ripens in September and Oc¬ 
tober. 
Paris-Green. 
E. O., Georgia, Vt., asks how to apply Paris- 
green.’and if it is sate to use it. 
Ans. —We have fouud Paris-green to be the 
most effective Aveapon against the potato bee¬ 
tle. It is applied in various ways. F. IV. Devon 
& Co., of New York, have issued a very com¬ 
plete treatise on the manner of applying Paris- 
green, that is replete wieh useful hints. Any 
farmer will find it Interesting and instructive. 
It is sent free to applicants. 
Miscellaneous. 
Ilf. A. C., Attica, Mich., desires to know wlmt 
experiments we are performing at the Rural 
Farm. lie tries all the new varieties of farm 
seed that he can procure, and he is at present 
experimenting with seven varieties of corn 
and sixteen varieties of potatoes. 
Ans. —Wo have a great mauy experiments 
under Avay at tbe Rural Farm aud file Ijhrul 
Horticultural Grounds, too many to give an ac¬ 
count of each at present. Reports of our ex¬ 
periments are given in the Rural from time to 
time, whenever new facts worthy of notice are 
revealed. Our friend's interest in the progress 
of agriculture, as manifested by testing new 
varieties, is much to bo commended. We shall 
be pleased to receive short reports of his ex- 
ireriinefits. 
H. L. C.—no address —asks how long one 
should Avait on an average for flower seed to 
come up before resowing ? 
Ans. —It depends entirely upon the nature of 
the seeds and the conditions under which they 
are placed. Ordinary vegetable aud flower 
seeds ought, to appear in from one to fonr 
Aveeks, if the Aveather is moist srut'l warm. On 
the other hand, when the conditions are ad¬ 
verse to germination, seed may remain in the 
ground for mouths, aud sometimes even years, 
and still germinate when circumstances be¬ 
come favorable. 
E. iV. D., N, Bennington, Vt. asks for a de¬ 
scription of Ilibiseus Syriacus. 
Ans.—11. Syriacus is a hardy ornamental 
shrub, with wedge-ovate and three-dobed leaves 
and shoit-peduneled flowers lu their axils. 
Flowers appear in autumn, and are about 
three inches broad and variously-colored. 
E. Z. M.—no address -semis a leaf aud ilow- 
erstalk of a plant, concerning which he has a 
dispute; he asks us to give its common and 
botanical names. 
Ans. —Star of Bethlehem. (.OrnitbCgalum 
umbellatum.) 
COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED FOR THE WEEK ENDING 
Hatchdat, .June 2lst. 
J. H. S.—A. L.—J. P.—M. M. L.—N. S. IT.—M. L. 
B.—W. J. E.—H. C. H.—W. X. N\—1\ H, S.—J. W. 
S.-R. R.—AV. S. IL—D. AV. C.—J. AV. U.-.Al. S.— 
K. II. T.—C. A. M.-G. AV. B.-A. AV. B.—Grand¬ 
mother—P. «fc Co.—T. F. U.—E.—U. R—J. T.—F. 
f j.—T. S. P.-J. O. D.—U. B. \V.—R. I. P„ Jr.—J. 
O. 1C— O. O. S.—C. E. C.—J. II. B.—C. C. H.—J. M. 
A. -L. L.-B. F. U.—R. E. P.—T. J. E.—E. £ B. K. 
-J. T. M-—H. C. C.-F. A. G.—D. B.-M. L. U.-J. 
J. D.-J. R. 8.—AV. J. Z.—T. A. P.—E. X. D.—W. 
F.-J. V. B.—AV. H. C.—C. C.—E. H. T.—S. S. R.— 
AV. M.—H. H. M.—S. AV. W.—F. W. B.-M. S. M.- 
D. C.—E. A. C —R. F.-S. D. P.—C. B.—C. C. C.— 
K. E. S.-S. C. B.—H. J. P.-A. S. D.—L. C. TJ.—II. 
s.—it. II.—J. T., thanks—J. o. it,—T. H. H.—H. AV. 
J.—E. J. B.-W. J. E. G. W. D, Du K. B. W. F.. 
thanks -M. B. l\—A. K. 8. G. B. B. M. G. u. 
H. S. N. IL—R. J. W.—C. L. A. J. AV. K. 1,. C. 
U. F. N. -M. D, P,. », A. i’.. J, H. ■). K. L. AV. 
N. J. T. M.—AV. AV. -I, 8. M. AV.—R. E. C.—T, J. 
P. —H. F. 8.—J. It.—C. C.—J. AV. S._J. A. S.—AV. 
B. P.-J. T.-E. II. J.—J. J. C.—J. N. L.—AV. MeC. 
M. 8. C.—J. It—n. A. U.— IT. C. A.-J. G.—1C. .A). 
B.—J. H. P.— J. F. McL.—J. At. A.-L. C. AV.—AV. 
D.—F. M. B.—II. It. B.—J. 0. A r .—It. B. 1>.—N. P. 
S.—II. S.—M. P. P.-A. K. C.—L. AV. G.—C. D.—T. 
M. K.-J. G- C.—M. F. J.—A. C. R.-E. L. T.—AV. 
B, ]),—It, 8,-U. M, M.-J. G.-D. H. II.—M. L. 8, 
HOW SHALL SECTIONS BE PUT ON 
HIVES 1 
KEV. O. ChO’SE. 
Without denying that, under some cir¬ 
cumstances, other receptacles for comb honey 
may ho serviceable, and desirable. 1 think it 
is generally conceded that the “prize section" 
is best adapted for the markets of the larger 
cities. It is probable that before mauy years 
have passed nearly all the eomh honey that 
goes to market will ho stored iu this, or a 
very similar section. The method of putting 
the sections on the hives is a snbjoet of a good 
deal of practical importance. There are three 
methods in somewhat wide use. 
Those who use a honey-board over the frames- 
often arrange and fasten tho sections side by 
side, until they make a long box, glaze tho 
open ends ot this box, and place it on the 
honey-hoard, just in the way in which the old 
five-pound boxes are put on. For those who 
use a honey-board this method will answer, 
but for the large number who reject the honey- 
board it will not do. 
Another method advocated by some ex¬ 
cellent bee-keepers and used somewhut ex¬ 
tensively, is to put. the sections in eases, or 
holders, aud to hung the cases iu a super, jus! 
as a frame is hung in a hive. The super, 
filled with these eases of sections, is set on tho 
hive, bringing the cases immediately over the 
brood chamber, with only a quarter-inch 
space between. At first this seems to be an ex¬ 
cellent wav. It is easy to arrange the sections 
iu the cases, to hang the cases in the super, 
and to Bet the super oh lire hive. All is done 
iu a few minutes, uud everything is snug and 
tight. But from my own experience I am led 
to think there are two strong objections to 
this method. 
First, it is not, possible to examine easily 
bow work is progressing in tbe sections. It is 
important for the bee-keeper to know this, 
aud he needs to make frequent examinations. 
But by this method of placing sections, such 
examinations arc difficult. Takeoff the lid of 
the super and you have only the tops of the 
cases to look down upon. You attempt to 
lift outoueof these cases, but find that it is not 
easy work, if the eases have been shoved 
close together—as they ought to be—it. is very 
probable that the bees have glued tMm to¬ 
gether, so that they must be pried apart. Not 
unfrequcntly the bees have fastened the bot¬ 
tom bar of the, case to tho tops of the frames 
beneath it, so there is a sti!l greater difficulty 
in removing it. Hence, t.y the time you have 
lifted out a case of sections, you have pretty 
thoroughly roused the bees and spent a good 
many minutes of valuable time. This diffi¬ 
culty of examining the sections when huug 
in cases, would, with me, be sufficient reason 
for rejecting this method. 
But, secondly, there is another objection, 
equally strqug. When you have lilted out your 
case of sections ami find some of the sections 
filled and sealed, you want to remove these aud 
replace them with new ones. As soon, uow, 
as you attempt to remove these tilled oues, 
you disturb others only partly tilled, and you 
find yourself in tho midst ol a difficult and per¬ 
plexing job, which requires more time utui 
patience than it is profitable to bestow. Speak¬ 
ing only for myself and from my own ex¬ 
perience, I am sure that this method of plac¬ 
ing sections in cases and haugiug the cases iu 
supers is not the best method, if I were a 
prophet I would hazard the prediction that in 
a few years it will be entirely giveu up, ex¬ 
cept wheu a small amount of comb-honey is 
desired from the brood ehuuiber. Iu this case 
there seems no better method than to hang the 
sections by the side of tho brood combs. 
Tbe third method of plucing the sections is 
to have a rack made for holding them, which 
sits closely over the tops of the frames, and 
holds tho sections firmly in place; but by the 
removal of a wedge, allows the sections to be 
easily moved, and Hie tilled ones to be taken 
out and replaced by others. By this method, 
when the sections are once in place iu the 
rack, and the cud sections in each row glazed, 
the rack can be instantly set over the frames, 
and there are then as many tight compart¬ 
ments for surplus honey as there are rows ol 
sections, aud these compartments come im¬ 
mediately above the brood. The progress of 
work cau easily be known by lifting off the 
cap or super, and each section is easily reach¬ 
ed and removed. This method seems to mo far 
preferable to either of the others. 
The sections should always come so close 
to the top bars of tho frames beneath them as 
10 leave only a passage way for the bees be¬ 
tween, as this tends to prevent the building of 
bits of comb between tho frames and section-, 
and tbe bees will enter the sections more 
readily when thus close. The fact that there 
is au entrance to the sections at both sides of 
every oue Of them, except the end ones in 
each row, has a marked influence to lead the 
bees to enter them and go to work in theiq, 
Johnson Co., Iowa, 
