S33P»! 
VW*' ^XXVIIJ. No. 37.' 
WUOILP No. 134#. f 
PRICE FIVE CENTS, 
$2.00 PER YEAR. 
[Entered according to Act of Congrese, in the year 1879, by the Rural Publishing- Company, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. — Entered at the PoBt-Offiee at New York City, N. Y„ as second-class matter.] 
a bearded variety will gradually turn into a 
bald yariety, und oice verm. Without knowing 
anything positive about it, I would answer that 
I do not think either would turu into the other, 
It originated in Pennsylvania, a head of it 
having been discovered iu a field of Judge 
Fultz of that State. It is very hardy, close- 
chaffed—which makes it difficult to thrash 
clean—of au amber color, aud yields well. 
The Clawson is sown to a very limited ex¬ 
tent, as it does not do well, except on favored 
situations. It is a very beautiful, large-grained, 
white wheat, but is not flinty like the Bough- 
ton. The millers say that it is too soft to 
make a rich flour. It ripens with the Lan¬ 
caster 
The Silver Chaff, purchased in Canada 
last fall by tbe Agricultural Department, is 
represented at fig 1. I received eight quarts 
of it, which I sowed broadcast about the la6t 
of September. It was badly winter-killed, abd 
stood 60 thin that it would not ripen. It was 
cut July 3rd still green, and -yielded three 
bushels of indiffereut wheat. It is too late 
for tills climate, but I think it will succeed 
in New York or in any of the more northern 
StateB. 
Square Head, au English variety, is showu 
at Fig. 3. English wheats have been tried 
repeatedly in different parts of tbe United 
States, but always without success. They will 
not mature here before the middle of July, by 
which time the rust has ruined them. The one 
iu question stands the winter as well as any of 
our nadve kinds, but, although I have tried it 
twice, It has tailed to fill both times. It ruua 
less to straw thau our varieties, and would 
yield remarkably, if it were not so late. 
Arnold's Gold Medal, is represented by 
Fig. 3. This was obtained in Michigan, by the 
Department of Agriculture and was distributed 
in the fall of 1877. Iu the summer of that year 
as I afterwards ascertained, 36,000 square feet. 
This earth—mostly clay—was scattered thinly 
over the land, which was then plowed, har¬ 
rowed and laid off in rows ten inches apart. I 
took a small garden drill and sowed the whole 
piece with one peck of the Gold Medal, 
The drill bunched the wheat too much iu the 
rows, and sometimes skipped places. The 
WHEAT RAISING No. 2 
H. L. WYSOR 
Varieties of Wheat. 
It is, perhaps, needless for me to remark that 
what I said in the Rural of J uly 30 and what 
is to follow, have reference tp winter wheat 
only. Spring wheat does hoi succeed here, 
because it is too much affected by the droughts 
which frequently occur iu June and July, and 
.because it ripens too late. 
ARNOLD S GOLD MEDAL. SANDOM1RKA. 
after having assumed a fixed character. I will 
say. however, that iu the season of '78. I found 
in the “ Gold Dust’’ wheat—which, by the way, 
when 1 received it of the Agricultural De¬ 
partment was badly mixed with all sorts of 
wheat, both smooth and bearded—an car with 
which I was very much pleased and which ap¬ 
peared to lie a sport of the “ Gold Dust.” I 
selected 20 of the best grains and planted 
them. At least one-third of the product con¬ 
sisted of bearded ears. There were nine other 
rows planted with as many varieties along¬ 
side the one containing the grain above meu- 
tioued, but 1 am certain that not oue of these 
contained a bearded variety. The Rural, 
however, has, I think, guessed what this wheat 
is—I sent ou a handful of grains—for I am 
asked whether 1 know of a variety called 
Wick or Wyckc. I remember seeing iu some 
seedsman’s catalogue, several years ago, 
a description of a variety spelt, if I mistake 
not, Week’s, which was said to bo partly bald 
aud partly bearded. It is very probable that 
this wheat and the one to which I refer are 
the same. The three varieties principally 
sown throughout this State are, iu the order 
iu which they are now esteemed, Fultz, Lan¬ 
caster, and Boughton, 
The Bouohton, sometimes called Tappa- 
hannock, was first iutroduced here about 
twenty yearB ago, and is too well kuowu 
to uced description. It is, beyond question, 
the earliest wheat cultivated in the United 
States, ripening here from J une 18th to 20th. 
It is. unfortunately, not as hardy, nor does it 
tiller as much as some other varieties. 
The Lancaster is a red-chaffed, bearded, 
Mediterranean variety, very hardy, and 
adapted to very thiu soils. It ripens from 
Juue 25th to July 1st. 
The Fultz—F ig 7—has now been sown 
hero some six or seven years, aud has proved 
very popular. It is next in earliness to the 
Boughton, ripening from June 19 to 25th, 
FULTZ, CULTIVATED AND NOT. 
wheat was sown on the 2d of September, aud 
by the 1st of December one would have thought 
that instead of a peek, two bushels had been 
sown on the land. The whole surface was green 
aud perfectly covered. My object in having 
the plants iu rows was to work them with the 
hoe, but for want of time I failed to do so. I 
cut this piece ou Juue 25th, at. which time it 
was badly straw-brolceu, the Ileasiau fly having 
attacked it the preceding fall aud injured the 
vigor of the plants. The yield was six bushels. 
There were sixty dozen sheaves, and as two 
dozeu sheaves of good wheat will make a 
bushel, the yield should have becu thirty bu>h- 
els but tbe ears were not. well tilled The yet.r 
before this I bad sown three quarts of G kl 
Dust wheat m drills ten inches apart on about 
oue-sixth of au acre of gravelly land which had 
beeu twice used as a hog pen, and had been in 
potatoes before the wheat was sown. I workc d 
between the rows twice iu the spring with the 
SILVER CHAFF. ENGLISH SQUARE HEAD. 
Winter wheat may he classed lu t wo general 
divisions—bald and bearded. Each of these 
may bo again classed as red aud white. The 
sub-varieties coming under these two last 
heads, are innumerable. I am asked whether 
CROSSES BETWEEN FULTZ AND CLAWSON. 
% 
I had beeu digging a basement uuder my house, 
aud had carted the earth, which was full of 
saltpeter, on a piece of sandy land, containing, 
