THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
the natural depreciation of the stock used in it- 
And this fact certainly requires explanation. 
What is the truth about it? 8. 
A Point in Favor of Cold-Setting of 
Cream.— One advantage of the rapid methods 
of separating cream from milk is to be found 
in the fact, that thus the cream, and conse¬ 
quently the butter, are saved from any contam¬ 
ination likely to arise from changes taking 
place in the milk. I do not refer to simple 
souring alone. It is well known that under 
cerlaiu circumstances,such as changes of feed, 
or even suddeu changes of the weather, the 
milk is so affected as though apparently sound 
when drawn, to become bitter, or develop some 
foul or putrid flavor within twelve hours after 
being set for cream. This flavor is sure to be 
communicated to the cream. But if the cream 
can be removed from the milk before, the latter 
has undergone such cbange.it is saved from de¬ 
terioration from that cause, and thus sweet and 
sound butter can be made from imperfect milk. 
At this season of the year, especially, this is a 
danger to which all dairies are exposed, and I 
feel certain that the more quickly the cream 
can he raised and skimmed,the safer the dairy¬ 
man is from losses from this cause. T. h. h. 
ftlisccUanmts. 
EVERY-DAY NOTES. 
S. PARSONS. 
Is the Japanese Persimmon Hardy 1 
A fair answer to this question, viewed un¬ 
der the limited experience ive as yet have, 
seems to be about as follows: During severe 
winters, five out of eight plants will die, if they 
have beeu recently transplanted. After mod¬ 
erate winters, scarcely two out of eight will 
be found dead by midsummer. It should be 
noted here that reeenlly planted Japanese 
Persimmons often do not put forth leaves be¬ 
fore midsummer. Of fruiting scarcely any¬ 
thing cau be said, for hardly a single Japan¬ 
ese Persimmon has been planted long enough 
to produce the maturity uccessary for fruit¬ 
ing- Indeed, no fruit can be properly tested 
in the short time as yet allowed the Japanese 
Persimmon. As the evideuce now' stands, 
therefore, I think we should be only justified 
in classiug the Japanese Persimmou—for the 
single quality of hardiness—with the Madeira 
nut and the American Persimmon. The Fig is 
much more tender. South of Washington the 
Jupauese Persimmon will doubtless prove 
hardy aud gain a certain value. In the North, 
no large proportion will survive; but these 
few will be found valuable ornamental as well 
as valuable fruit trees, and, what is more, 
they will gaiu greatlv iu hardiness as they 
gain in maturity. Of course, these remarks 
are to a certaiu extent speculative and pre¬ 
mature, but at the same time they are based 
on wider information than much of the whole¬ 
sale condemnation of this fruit that emanates 
from the press everywhere after the last win¬ 
ter which w y a6 uuusally severe for deciduous 
trees. 
Hydrangea panlculata. 
Fortunately for the varied attractions of 
lawns, the Hydrangea paniculata. graudiflora 
has at last obtained general acceptance as an 
ornamental shrub of the first rank. But we 
must not merge the attractions of the lesser 
in the attractions of the greater, nor confuse 
Hydrangea paniculata with Hydrangea pani¬ 
culata graudiflora. Few indeed know or real¬ 
ize that such a shrub exists as Hydrangea 
pauiculata, but it is a very distinct plant 
nevertheless, possessing valuable peculiari¬ 
ties of its own. Instead of bloomiug iu Augnst 
and September, it flowers iu late June and 
early July, a time when flowers are very wel¬ 
come on account ot their peculiar scarceness. 
These flowers are smaller than those of 
Hydrangea paniculata graudiflora, with erect, 
instead of droopiug, trusses or spikes of in¬ 
florescence. They arc also of a pure white 
color, that does not fade into purple and 
crimson decay, like H. paniculata graudiflora. 
The sterile flowers are. moreover, less numer¬ 
ous on the species than ou the variety, and 
the leaves as well as the trusses of bloom are 
certainly smaller and less coarse. Practically, 
Hydrangea paniculata is unknown to the 
trade, but none the less does it deserve hon¬ 
orable mention for its date of bloomiug and 
fine general habit. Our own specimens came 
direct from Japan through the medium of 
Mr. Thomas Hogg. 
Uuonymus latifolius. 
I have certainly never gathered strawber¬ 
ries from the strawberry tree (Euonymus), 
as the wily tree agent would have made his 
customers believe possible; but tbe fruit of 
the Euonymus in the fall has afforded me 
pleasure hardly to be surpassed by any de¬ 
light of the jialate. With the Eaonymus, 
however, as with other shrubs, a prolongation 
of the period during which the beauty of 
fruit aud flower flourishes should be diligently 
sought. This may be done by increasing our 
collections of varieties that bloom during 
earlier or later periods than others. One of 
the most striking of Euonymuses for coloring, 
of fruits, is Euonymus latifolius, aud in many 
other respects it is also most noteworthy. 
The leaf is large and massive compared with 
the foliage of other varieties, and of a dark 
green. Its fruit, however, makes the special at¬ 
traction of tbe plant. The flower is certainly 
pleasing, but the fruit is nearly three times 
the size of the fruit of Euonymus Europeus, 
and of at least as brilliant a color. Indeed, 
in every way, fruit, flower and foliage, the 
plant is large amt striking. Yet one seldom 
sees Euonymus latifolius; doubtless because 
it is difficult to propagate except by grafting 
or budding and few think of grafting or bud¬ 
ding a shrub. Few realize, moreover, the 
variety of form aud size existing among 
different species and varieties of Euonymus, 
hence we need not wonder that Euonymus lati- 
foliua is overlooked and scarce. 
Clematis.— Second Priming. 
It is not generally known how universally 
the Clematis species and varieties may be 
induced to bloom the second time by cutting 
back the plant immediately under the flower 
that bloomed nearest the ground. Clematis 
Jack rnauui which blooms the last of June, is 
only one instance where in a month or so 
after pruuing abundant flowers appear; 
few varieties, indeed, surpass it in thi freedom 
with which it thus blooms. When we con¬ 
sider how much the addition of this ever- 
blooming quality enhances the charm of Cle¬ 
matises, it seems surprising that an under¬ 
standing of the fact has not been more gen¬ 
erally attained. 
-♦ ♦-»-- 
A LETTER FROM MR. L. A. ROBERTS. 
Bloomfield, Conn., Sept., 1879. 
Again 1 have the pleasure of writing to you 
from this quiet town in the beautiful Valley of 
the Connecticut; and never iu my recollection 
has there been an autumu here the opening of 
which was more pleasant or full of promise. 
An abuudant crop of grass, the most import¬ 
ant crop by fa>- in this section, has beeu gath¬ 
ered, and the frequent showers have given 
quick growth to the second crop, rowen, or 
aftermath, as it is here variously called, aud 
the fields are as green as iu early June. The 
trees, too, show the effects of plenty of rain, 
and bear their full burthen of leaves which 
show no Bigns of changing or decay. What 
gorgeous coloring may be expected in October 
when the sharp frosts aid the dying leaves in 
parting with their moisture, and the hill tops 
aud mouutain sides put on their coats of mauy 
colors and become radiant in their autumn 
beauty. Those who have never seen a New 
England autumu know not all of Nature’s 
variegated charms. 
In the floral department the yellow of the 
Golden Rod vies in brilliancy with the red of 
the Cardinal Flower, while the many-colored 
Asters, the white of the Everlasting and the 
innumerable shades of the hundred of other 
flowers of the field, make a combination a 
painter would strive iu vain to copy, while 
deep within the forest recesses are abundant 
varieties of Ferns, from the tiny one barely 
distinguishable to those of gigantic proportions, 
among which are many that our European 
friends strive in vain to cultivate aud have 
uothiug to equal. 
The year will be remembered by the farmer as 
one of more than usual productiveness. In this 
immediate vicinity the principal crop for which 
money is directly obtained in any considerable 
amount, is lobacco. Until within tbe past two 
years the variety known as the Connecticut 
seed-leaf has been almost exclusively grown, 
but the Spanish or Havana is now taking pre¬ 
cedence to considerable extent—being in de¬ 
mand for cigar manufacturers in place of the 
imported. The extraordinary size of the 
leaves of the “ Connecticut” has made them 
desirable for wrappers, while the foreign 
tobacco is used for fillers. Cigars made 
entirely of the Connecticut-grown Spanish 
seem to give satisfaction both as to flavor and 
appearance, and the crop grown last year 
found ready sale for a much higher price than 
the seed-leaf. The habit of the Spanish differs 
from the other in that the leaves stand more up¬ 
right, admitting of closer Betting and easier cul¬ 
ture. It does not sucker so much, and is topped 
higher, giving, as a rule, more leaves to a plant. 
For these reasons many growers believe the 
amount that can be produced ou an acre is 
nearly, if not quite, as ranch as of the seed-leaf, 
especially if raised from seed that la the pro¬ 
duct of imported seed af ter two or three years’ 
cultivation. The leaves grow much larger 
from such seed than they do iu Cuba, or for 
the first year or two from imported seed. 
The potato crop that was almost an utter 
failure last year, is this year remarkably good 
both in quantity and quality. The Early Rose 
is llie variety most raised, but some of the 
more active aud enterprising are trying other 
and newer 6orts. The Early Vermont seems 
to he a little earlier here than the Rose, to yield 
better, and, so far as I can judge, is a better 
potato for the table. The Beauty of Hebron 
has not been extensively plauted. I have one 
report from a quart plauted that produced two 
and three-quarters bushels. Another man told 
me he plauted half a bushel and had,he thought, 
double the quantity he ever before raised from 
the same quantity of seed. 
Corn is looking IlDe. I have seen some 
fields that promise most satisfactory produc¬ 
tions. The smaller varieties of kernel are 
usually preferred here. The Blount’s Prolific 
seems better adapted to lower latitudes. 
A noticeable feature here is the change iu 
the cows. It is only a few years since the first 
grade Alderney was seen here. Now there is 
scarcely a farm without them, and they have 
been bred np until there are many very nearly 
full-blooded. The effect is seen in the increased 
amount and quality of butter produced from 
tbe same acreage of pasturing. 
I was much interested in seeing Pond Lilies 
in bloom in one house-yard, and took the 
liberty of asking the method of culture, which 
I will give for the benefit of your readers. “ I 
dug these roots,” said the grower, “with my 
hands, when the pond in which they were 
growing was very low. When the water is 
higher we pull them up with a potato liook. I 
put in the tub about a foot of muck or swamp 
dirt, in which I planted the roots and ihen cov¬ 
ered all with a layer of coarse sand or gravel 
just to keep the muck quiet when the water is 
disturbed. Then fill the tub with water. If this 
is done in May or Early Juue, the plants will 
push up aud blossom tbe same season. As the 
water evaporates I fill the tub through the 
sprinkler of a watering pot, that the dirt should 
not be disturbed, and allow the water to run 
over a little that there may be more fresh than 
would be required to fill it. It is but little trouble 
and the result pays for it well. Iu ihe winter, I 
take the tub into the cellar where it won’t freeze, 
and keep the soil moist. The roots may be 
changed to another tub iu spring, if desired, 
but they blossom best when left iu the same tub 
several years,for the thicker the roots grow the 
better. The blossoms open in the morning and 
close at night for four days, aud I think this 
tub (about three feet iu diameter) has given 
us between 40 and 50 blossoms. These roots 
were plauted this spring, aud will do better 
next year.” 
What floriculture, with the same labor, will 
give better return than this, aud why are not 
Pond Lilies more generally grown ? 
AN ELDERLY CARNATION PINK. 
This Carnation Piuk was started from a 
small slip procured iu Elmira iu March 1868, 
so that it is now considerably more than eleven 
years old. The stem only lacks one-eighth of 
an inch in being four inches iu circumference. 
The body and principal branches are wrinkled 
aud gnarled like an old Oak tree. Its pro¬ 
duction the past year of only a fraction less 
than Jive hundred blows, I am sorry to say came 
very near destroying it. Taken from the 
cellar iu the spring, it 6eemed to be constantly 
going back instead of ahead; finally I con¬ 
cluded, that to save it, it would be necessary 
to cut the head entirely off. In time new buds 
began to make their appearance iu all direc¬ 
tions ; and now it is one grand and magnifi¬ 
cent bush of bright green stems. I shall not 
permit it to flower auy this year, and so shall 
give it an opportunity to prepare for a good 
time next year. 
The photograph from which this illustration 
has beeu taken, is not at all a fair example of 
what it now is, having been made about seveu 
years ago. In conclusion, let me say, that a 
Carnation Pink caunot he made to live and do 
well in a hot room during winter. A cellar is 
the best place for it. Quite a number of per¬ 
sons have taken slips from this for a uumberof 
years, but not one has succeeded in producing 
the tree form, as iu this instance. I have an¬ 
other one started that promises well. 
J. Sager. 
Jukstrial Jlonctics, • 
NEW JERSEY STATE FAIR. 
[Special Correspondence.) 
A more successful fair has probably never 
beeu held in the State of New Jersey than the 
one that was iu progress at Waverly uear 
Newark during the past week. The weather 
was beautiful, aud crowds of visitors from 
the surrounding country and large cities were 
constantly pouring in upon the fair grounds. 
The State Agricultural Society has cause for 
congratulation both upon, the excellence of the 
exhibits aud the good management of the sev¬ 
eral departments, as well as upon success 
financially, the receipts surpassing those of 
any previous year. 
The exhibits indeed were not so numerous 
as one might reasonably expect from so old 
a State. The writer has seeu fairs iu Western 
States whose resources are compart! vely un¬ 
developed, which far surpassed this oue 
of New Jersey both as to quantity, and iu cer¬ 
tain departments, also iu llie quality of the ex¬ 
hibits. Hero, for instance, was a marked 
abseuee cf farm implements and machinery, 
although the fair was held at a poiut that 
could easily be reached by scores of large man¬ 
ufacturers. Fast horses are favorite animals 
in New Jersey, aud the races formed a fea- 
a tree carnation twelve tears of age. 
