OCT. 25 
Domestic (gconomj. 
OONDOOTED BY EMILY MAPLE. 
MRS. ENDICOT’S JOURNAL. 
Putting away summer doilies; bread-making; 
keeping sponge over; ammonia far cleaning 
paint; how to clean a carpet. 
Oot. 10.—Monday was sucli a beautiful day. the 
clothes drying so quickly, that 1 had many sum¬ 
mer clothes washed, ready to be put away. I 
think It Is so much better not to have them lie 
with the starch In, especially If there Is much 
white about them, as it Is almost sure to turn yel¬ 
low. I don't know but I have rather a novel com¬ 
plaint to make for a housekeeper—that of too 
many closets. Our house has a very peaked roof, 
and the rooms up-stntrs have a strip taken off of 
each side, so as to make the ceilings Bquare, giving 
two closets the whole length in each room, and In 
one there is a third made by the chimney. My 
trouble comes in spring and fall, when their con¬ 
tents have to come out. it being so handy, many 
things get tucked away that should have been dis¬ 
posed of at once. I made quite a large package of 
the children’s outgrown clothing for the Dorcas. 
Society. As 1 had planned more extra work for 
this week than Betsy could do alone, I thought I 
would bake bread while she Ironed, on Tuesday. 
Keeping that In mind, I had my potatoes for din¬ 
ner mashed on Monday. When they were boiled 
sufficiently, I had my flour In a jar—about three 
pints, I should think—and over It I poured the 
water In which the potatoes were boiled. After 
they were mashed, 1 left two good spoonsful in the 
kettle, to which I added about a pint more of 
water and put all In the jar, stirring till perfectly 
smooth. Just after supper I added a cupful of 
soft hop yeast aud set It on the hot-water tank of 
my stove, In a dish, not wanting such another ex¬ 
perience for Betsey as I had while she was gone. 
(Coming out one morning, I found my sponge run¬ 
ning over tank and stove, and dripping down on 
the clean floor.) Before breakfast next morning 1 
stirred my sponge down, adding a cupful of warm 
water. After breakfast I mixed my bread, adding 
one more cup of warm water and kneading the 
dough thoroughly. By nine o’clock It was ready 
to work out. Into the pans. Before our 12 o'clock 
dinner I had four beautiful, smooth, brown loaves 
of bread, which, when cut, were all one could ask 
for. Now that the weather Is getting cool, I will 
not bother with yeast any more, hut each time 
save a plut bowl of sponge, whtch I will use to 
start the next. I think It makes superior bread. 
Weduesday morning was not Just the kind of a 
day I would have chosen for house-cleaning, but 
as we only intended to clean two chambers, and 
only in one of them did the carpet have to be taken 
up, I concluded to go on. I was glad I did, for by 
nine o'clock the sun was shining brightly. Barton 
being too busy to help us, he sent a colored man, 
who took up the carpet, switched all the dust, out 
of It, folded and carried It up-stalrs, thus saving 
us much time and strength. The beds I put out 
In the sun and air; had the room swept with a 
damp broom; then the wall wiped off by tying an 
old flour bag over the broom. In Harry’s room 1 
took some spots off the paper by rubbing with a 
dry crust of bread. Then I called on my old assists 
ant, the ammonia bottle, without which I wonder 
how anyone keeps house. The addition of two or 
three spoonsful to a bucket of water made the 
paint look beautifully clean without any soap and 
with hut little rubbing. The. carpet in my east 
room, which 1 did not have taken up, Is rather 
light. 1 had Betsey take a bucket of water, just a 
little warm, with hut one spoonful of ammonia In 
It, and wipe It all over, Just as you would an oil¬ 
cloth, only wringing the mop drier. You would 
be surprised to see how clean and bright this treat¬ 
ment made the carpet look. The windows In this 
room I had her leave until afternoon, as It Is my 
experience that It, is almost impossible to clean 
glass and make It look clear when the sun Is shin¬ 
ing on It. 
RAG CARPETS ONCE MORE. 
While I do not wish to awaken a spirit of strife 
among the Rural readesrsln regard to the economy 
of making rag carpets (for there has, as we all 
know, been enough said already concerning them), 
yet, being in favor of their use, I have thought I 
might help “Tyro,” to a way of disposing of her 
woolen rags, by relating my experience, one 
knows well enough that, when woolen carpets are 
sold so reasonably as at present prices—and they 
exceed In beauty, if not excellence, the homely rag 
covering—those who are not very Industrious would 
be but poorly rewarded for their toll and time in 
making rag carpets. But those who need them, 
and can find plenty of material, may be quite sur¬ 
prised at the cheapness of dyes, within the reach 
of all. I have noticed that the aim of weavers and 
those who employ them, Is to Imitate closely In 
colors and striping, the home-made woolens which 
the farmers’ wives used to manufacture; hence the 
dyes are the main expense. 
As so much more cotton is woven in nowadays 
than formerly, the many new ways of coloring 
cotton, without weeds, give one better advantage 
for lmmltatlon of the striped yarns, once so desir¬ 
able. 1, like all new beginners, aimed for beauty 
In shades, and having more white cotton than 
woolen fabric or prints to dispose of, found that 
the coloring of the goods would be of more expense 
than 1 Ukcd to bear; besides, the dyes, many of 
them, are very unhealthy to use, hut 1 was well 
enough suited with the durability of them In all 
cases; nence I yet speak In their favor, wherever 
they can be used advantageously. Having found 
among my woolen materials a homely variety of 
shades with no harmony In colors and not enough 
In quantity to go throngb all the breadths alike, 
what better way was there to dispose of such than 
to have them all Immersed In a black dye ? Many 
say, such rags show dust, and soil so easily; but 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
do not any of the fancy colors look well when di¬ 
vided by a black stripe of a thread or two ? Again, 
old calico dresses—faded—often make rags strong 
enough to wear well, but so homely as to look like 
an old carpet If used much in striping. 
When I had 10 poundB of motley shades of 
woolen, which would not spot or fade, they were 
all colored black. When 15 pounds of cotton, faded 
In all sorts of colors, were wound Into skeins, 
a dye was made by covering a copper wash-boiler 
full of the boughs of common wlUow, with water, 
and tolling them until the twigs could to easily 
separated from the bark. Throw out the twigs 
and put the bark Into the boiler again. Steep with 
renewed heat, and, when well tolled, remove the 
bark, refill with twigs and add a pound of copperas. 
After removing the twigs bark, boll your calico 
until the color you wish Is made. Tf you want more 
than the pretty shade of drah you get, then add 
an ounce or two of logwood, well dissolved, and a 
slate color will be the result. Or you can leave out 
your willow entirely, and color faded calico with 
logwood and copperas, and any sort of rags will 
look well tosid • these shades, whether gay colors 
or dull. 
I have, always disliked blue in a carpet, but I 
saw that there were chemicals which produced 
such lovely shades, by magic almost, that I found 
my alliance to human nature was such that I 
must Imitate the carpet-makers and hare plenty 
of green—my yellow and blue being used to pro¬ 
duce lh-and an over-supply ot blue was the result. 
Then my natural prejudice against blue In any 
carpet of rags, made me wish I had not bought so 
much dye, but as I had several yards of carpeting 
woven and never a hit of blue In It, I resolved It 
should have a place, or be rc-dyed; so, as an ex¬ 
periment, I took my warp, which was a very dark 
blue, to the weavers, with only three colors of rags 
—black, blue and drab. The result was, a carpet 
which took the first premium, over nine other 
pieces, at the county ralr. The center of one 
st ripe was three threads of drah cotton, next two 
of black, three of blue, two of black, three of blue, 
four threads of black and drab t wisted--each color 
twisted slightly by itself, then twisted together. 
Next three threads or drab cotton, then a stripe 
composed of eight threads of black and blue, alter¬ 
nating, the block Joining the drab, or the reverse. 
When flotshlng the stripes, add three threads of 
drah cotton. Next Is a dark stripe made of nine 
threads of black woolen, three threads of dark 
navy blue, three of bright dark blue alpaca. Next 
a stripe of seven threads of blue cotton, four of one 
dark shade, three ot sky blue and two of black. 
Next a stripe of drab cotton of six threads In 
width, this stripe ending with a center of 11 
threads of black and drab cotton—six of black and 
five of drab alternating. 
My experiment was not displeasing to my eye, 
hence a good, durable and handsome carpet was 
the result, and though rather sombre at first 
glance, yer with suitable paper hangings and other 
adornments, It would add much In beauty and 
comfort to the home of a poor woman who could 
not afford the more expensive dyes or carpeting. 1 
spent only three whole days In preparing the 15 
pounds of cotton drah goods, arter the skeins were 
sewed, and is cents in money. But after all the 
time and labor of making the rag-carpets, I 
think with pleasure of the comfort (as my Imagi¬ 
nation gives coloring to the picture) of a floor 
which a woman has within a few months described 
In the Rural. It was made of hoards of one kind, 
alternating with another variety, then oiled and 
brightened by handsome rugs for ornament or 
warmth. Yet the good substantial rag carpets, 
save the strength of the (busy house-keeper, who 
has not the new handsome floors. 
If my experience ot a lifetime, In the making of 
rag carpeting, will benefit the ladles who read the 
Rural, then my time and approval of them thus 
expressed, will not be uselessly given. 
A Reaper. 
-M-*- 
DOMESTIC RECIPES. 
Onion Sauce. 
Boll live small white onions until tender, then 
chop fine. Boll a cupful of milk, add a piece of 
butter, with pepper and salt to taste. Stir In the 
minced onion with a small spoonful of flour moist¬ 
ened with milk. 
Butter Tally. 
Two coffeecups of white sugar, three-quarters 
of a teacup of vinegar, three-quarters of a teacup 
of butter. Boll until brittle. Pour into buttered 
dishes. Mart B. 
To Cook Cabbage. 
If any of the Rural readers are so lucky as to 
have cabbage, I should like them to try my method 
ot cooking it. Cut the cabbage tine as for slaw, 
then put a tablespoonful of lard In a skillet, and 
when heated, put In the cabbage. Season with 
salt and pepper. Stir until tender, then pour 
sweet cream over It, just enough to moisten. It Is 
excellent. No water Is needed. Worms have 
eaten all the cabbage around here. 
if Mrs. Endtcot could see my three little boys 
gathered around the table eating “ Farmers Rice,” 
she would smile, I am sure. Papa is as anxious 
for his share as the children. 
Ill. Mrs. Trouble. 
Crullers. 
Two quarts of flour and four large teaspoonsful 
of baking powder sifted together; two teacups!ul 
of sugar; two eggs; large cupful of new milk; 
flavor to taste. No sflortenlng Is required In this 
recipe. 
Lemon 8iinj>n. 
Two teacupsful of sugar; one of butter; two- 
thirds of a teacupful of milk; four teaspoonsful of 
baking-powder and about two quarts or sifted flour. 
Boll thin and hake quick. Flavor with lemon. 
Molasses Cookies. 
One pint of molasses; one egg; one cupful of 
shortening; two teaspoonsful of saleratus; two 
tablespoonsful of ginger. Roll about quarter of an 
Inch In thickness. Bake in a quick oven. 
Mrs. T. D. Carman. 
ItftoSiOf tljf ©Iffh. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Monday, October 20t.h, 1879. 
A member of the Dominion Parliament and 
Canadian Minister of Finance Ftlley, have been at 
Washington studying our national banking sys¬ 
tem. The hank fatlurestn Montreal and elsewhere 
have proved the weakness of Canada’s present 
system, and the next session of Parliament will 
attempt to build a new one something like what 
we nave. The Supreme Coiut of Indiana has de¬ 
cided the state statute constitutional which gives 
the wife of an insolvent under $ 20,000 possession 
of a third of his property, when the rest la sold for 
the benefit of the husband's creditors. The deadly 
quarrel between the Underwood and Holbrook 
families at Graysaw, Carter Co., Ky„ has resulted 
In the murder of five Underwoods and one Hol¬ 
brook In three weeks. Atlanta, Ga., the busiest 
little city in the whole South, lias put up 550 new 
houses during the past year and expects to be the 
biggest city in the state when the census Is taken 
next year. The coroner’s jury which has been 
Investigating the grand-stand disaster at the Adri¬ 
an (Mich.) fair grounds, by which 15 or 16 lives 
were lost and 270 persons Injured, have rendered a 
verdict finding W. T. Lawrence, owner of the 
stand, Sixer, the architect, and E. II. Armstrong 
and Henry Armstrong, the carpenters who built 
it, guilty ot criminal negligence. Allhut the latter 
have been arrested on the ctiaTgo. During the 
year ending June 30,19,300 applications for patents 
were received at the patent ofllce., and 2074 caveats 
were filed, while 12,471 patents were Issued, 1547 
trade marks and Labels were registered, and 828 
patents were granted, but withheld for the pay¬ 
ment of Anal fees. The receipts of the ofllce were 
$703,146, being f154,495 in excess of Its expenditure. 
Large meetings have been held in British Co¬ 
lumbia, and resolutions passed and petitions to 
the Premier of the Dominion government, protests 
lng against the employment of Chinese labor in 
constructing the Canada Pacific railway. The 
judge of Baldwin county, Ga., has made an appli¬ 
cation to Governor Coquitt tor a military organiza¬ 
tion to suppress the “ Georgia Tigers,” a band of 
outlaws who hold hall the county in awe and defy 
arrest. They kflled two men Tuesday and burned 
several houses. During the past tliree years they 
have killed twenty men and women, mostly ne¬ 
groes. The Governor will send the military If 
neqded. In Washington it Is semi-official I y stated 
that Congress will be asked to retire Justice Hunt 
on full pay, and that Attorney-General Devens 
will be offered the position by Hayes. The Secre¬ 
tary of War’B estimate for the fiscal year ending 
June 30,1881, aggregate $-10,000,000 or $ 344,000 less 
than the estimate for the current year. This Is 
the lowest appropriation asked for In twelve years. 
The noxt season’s orange crop ot Florida promises 
to he from 10 to 20 per cent, larger than the last 
one. 
The returns to the Department of Agriculture at 
Washington for the month ending October 1, 
1879, show an average condition for the cotton 
States of 81, being a decline since September l of 
5, Arkansas and Tennessee are the only States 
showing an Increase over the condition at this 
time In 1878. The condition of tobacco October l 
had Improved from that on September 1 in nine 
of the producing States, has declined in two, Is 
unchanged In one. The State averages are, 
Massachusetts 103, a gain of one; Connecticut 
lio, a gain of n>; Pennsylvania ill, a gain of 11; 
Maryland 08 , a gain of 2 ; Virginia 87, a gain of 5; 
North Carolina 90, a gain of 3; Tennessee 104, a 
gain ofll: Kentucky 95, a gain of 9; Indiana 99, 
a gain of 9; Ohio 70, a loss of 4; Missouri 78, a loss 
of 10 ; while Illinois remained unchanged at too; 
total average for these States 93, a gain of 6. 
Early planted tobacco ripened well, and has been 
harvested In good condition, showing in general 
an excellent quality. Late crops were materially 
damaged by frost In Ohio, and slightly so in a 
few localities In Virginia and Tennessee. The 
decline In Missouri Is ascribed to drought. The 
forthcoming annual report of the Cotumlssouer- 
General of the Land Ofllce will contain au I nter¬ 
esting comparative statement of the disposals 
of public lauds to actual settlers during each of 
the last five fiscal years. The totals range from 
about 8 , 600,000 to 4,000,wo acreseach, for the years 
1875, 1S76 and 1677, 7,166,974 acres for the year 
ending June 30, 1879, and 8,650,119 acres during 
the 12 months which ended will) last June. The 
totals of entries under the homestead and timber- 
culture laws contrast as follows: for the fiscal 
year of 1877, 2,698,771 acres; 1878, 6,288,778; 1879, 
8,026,685 acres. The cash sales show a decrease 
255,000 acres since last year, when they aggre¬ 
gated about 877,000 acres. But the net Increase in 
the amount, of land taken by actual settlers dur¬ 
ing the last fiscal year Is found to have been 
nearly i,500,ouo acres. 
Of the 8 , 000,000 immigrants who have found a 
home in the United States during the last thirty 
years, 6, 000,000 landed In New-York. This propor¬ 
tion of three-quarters of the whole In favor 01 
New-York has of late years been largely aug¬ 
mented. Immigration attains Its fullest volume 
In the spring. For Instance, this year, though 
January and February brought over nearly the 
same number of Immigrants, 3,996 and 3,988, there 
was an Increase of almost 100 per cent, in March, 
and another a ugmentation again, of not qulto UK) 
per cent, lu April, wheu It was 14,238. May was 
the largest month ot Immigration yet recorded for 
1879, for It was 22,048. In June the number di¬ 
minished, and was 19,068 ; In July It was 16,263, to 
increase a thousand In August, until last month its 
exact figures for New York were 21,765 making a 
total for the nine months, up to the 1st of October 
of 126,489 persons. This month the Indications 
are that the total of Immigrants will be very near¬ 
ly as large as In May, somewhere In the neighbor¬ 
hood of 23,000. It Is quite possible that during the 
coming months of November and December, Im¬ 
migration will diminish, but, with such experience 
In this business as may be gathered from the Sec¬ 
retary of the Board of commissioners of Emigra¬ 
tion and from the steamship companies, fully 10 ,- 
000 more people may be expected before New- 
Year’s The total Immigration, then, for 1879 will 
b« very nearly 159,000 persons. This mighty Influx 
will compare closely with the immigration of the 
year 1863, though 135,000 less than that during the 
mo3t memorable year of 1872 , when 294,581 foreign 
persons were landed in New-York, there having 
been a single day of 8,000. Last year—1S78—may 
be called the commencement of the turn In Immi¬ 
gration. After 1872, the Influx ot foreigners had 
declined, year arter year, until in 1877 the mini¬ 
mum of 54,536 had been reached. In 1878 the first 
jump was taken, an increase of over 20 , 000 . 
As to division of nationality, during the last nine 
months, the Germaas stand first as to numbers, 
being 2-1,218; the Irish next, 16,658; the English 
are 14,213; Swedes. 9,947; Scotch. 4,300; Nor¬ 
wegians, 4,188 ; Swiss, 3,703 ; Welsh, 1,866, and 
French 1,664. Russia presents a fair number of 
Immigrants this year, having sent us so far 2,138. 
If Immigration Is somewhat capricious In Its move¬ 
ments, It seems to Incline to very gradual augmen¬ 
tations, but with sharper declines. Between 1863 
and 1672, from 155,8-14 to 291,639, the Increase was 
138;795, but from thts maximum It fell In 1877, a 
period of only six years, to something not much 
over 54 , 000 . 
It Is quite impossible to determine what exact 
amount or property these Immigrants bring with 
them—what addition they make to the riches of 
the country. InteUlgent efforts, made some years 
ago, failed to arrive at any definite results, but 
the Commissioners of Emigration tUlnk that about 
$70 Is a fair estimate of the money' brought by each 
person, and that their effects amount In value to 
about as much. If, then, we are likely to receive 
in New York 159 ,000 foreign persons this year, their 
total capital will represent something like $22,260,- 
000 . Any one who will take the trouble of going 
to Castle Garden will be surprised to see how well 
clad are these Immigrants, representing, as they 
do, a class much higher lu the social grade than 
those of former years. There can be no doubt that 
before long many honest and capable English 
farmers will take up their lot with us—men with 
money, who wlU bring with them the capital 
necessary to make a fair Investment in land. Some 
of the Russian Immigrants have come fairly pro¬ 
vided with means, and the case Is cited ot some 20 
families, not numbering 100 persons, whose capital 
amounted to $ 85 , 000 . with our vast, extent of ter¬ 
ritory, with only some thirteen people to the 
square mile, with the easy methods of distributing 
any Incoming population, no matter how large it 
may be, even such an Immigration as we will have 
this year can be most readily absorbed. 
On Thursday last the rowing contest between 
Courtney, the American and Ilanlan, the Cana¬ 
dian was to have come off at Chautauqua Lake, N. 
Y.’.The betting before the time tor the race was loo 
to 75 in ravor of Ilanlan, and at there figures It Is 
said that at least $ 240,000 were staked. On the 
night before the race, however, both the boats 
Courtney had brought with him to row In, were 
sawed, one asunder and the other nearly so. 
There was no other boat on the lake In which Court¬ 
ney would consent to row, so Uanlan rowed over 
the course and claimed the stakes, $6,000, offered 
by the agent of Hop Bitters. Ills claim has been 
refused, however, on the ground that there was 
no actual competition and that be,fore the money 
1s paid, the contestants must really row together. 
There Is a world of crimination and recrimination 
as to which side was guilty of the disgraceful ac¬ 
tion, owing to which the race failed to come off. 
Courtney had two men to guard the boat house, 
hut they very conveniently abandoned It for an 
hour or more daring which time, It is said, the 
mlschlet was done. Banian, therefore says 
Cpurtncy was afraid to meet him, and to avoid 
doing so, connived at the cutting of the boats. On 
the other hand, Courtney and his colored trainer 
“Frenehy Johnson” have made affidavits that 
Ward, Ilanlan’a friend and backer, tried several 
times to Induce Courtuey to "throw'’ the race on the 
ground that Tlnnlan wouldn’t row unless he was 
sure of winning, as he intended to get up a race 
with Elliott of Englaud, In whtch the betting 
would be heavily Jn his favor If he went over trium¬ 
phant, and that, he Intended to lose the race alter 
Ills friends had taken all the beta offered by his 
English backers, thus pocketing a fortune. They 
say that a large sum was offered to Courtuey to 
lose the race, and that, on his refusal, the Cana¬ 
dians cut. the boats. All agree that there never— 
well, hardly ever—was such a saturnalia of gam¬ 
bling and rascality us that at Chautauqua during 
the race excitement. 
After relieving 1’ayno’s command, Gen. Merritt 
pushed rapidly forward to the White River Agency 
where Agent. Meeker’s body was found with a chain 
tied round the neck, by which it was evident that 
the old man had been dragged around before his 
death. The bodies of most of tho oilier agency 
employes were also found, but those of some were 
not discovered so that it Is supposed that these are 
still alive either with friendly Indians or among 
the miners In the neighboring hills. The women 
at the agency as well as the books aud money have 
been taken care or by Chief Douglass, who has 
remained faithful, indeed, It now seems that the 
late outrages aud hostilities were undertaken solely 
by about 250 Indians whose whereabouts Is now 
unknown, it la supposed they have scattered In 
small bands and will be befriended by the roving, 
hunting Indians ol tho Uintah and Arrupafioe 
tribes. A week ago It uppeared probable that the 
military would be permitted to deal exclusively 
with the Utes, but since then tho “ peace policy” 
has gained the upper uand, and Agent Adams has 
been commissioned to obtain from the Indians the 
surrender of the arms of the late hostlles and of 
