THE EVIDENCES OF GLACIATION ON MOUNT KEAR- 
SARGE, N. H. 
By BAYARD T. PUTNAM * 
A line drawn through Nantucket, Martha’s Vineyard, Block 
Island and Long Island, thence across New Jersey and Pennsyl¬ 
vania to a point near the centre of Cattaraugus County, New 
York, and thence following, very roughly speaking, the Alle¬ 
gheny, Ohio and Missouri River valleys to the plains of Dakota, 
would indicate the southern limit of glacial drift and striated 
ledges, and therefore the edge of the glacier of the ice period, at 
the time of its greatest extension. From Cape Cod to Western 
Ohio this line has been carefully mapped, and it is marked almost 
continuously by accumulations of drift, differing in many respects 
from the hills of till away from the ice margin. These accurpu- 
lations are believed to have been piled up under the comparatively 
thin edge of the ice, partly by the ice itself, partly by sub-glacial 
waters. They are, in other words, the terminal moraine of the 
glacier. 
When typically developed, as it is on Cape Cod, the moraine 
forms a range of short, knobby, steep-sided hills, rising from 50 to 
200 feet above the general level and enclosing round, oval or ir¬ 
regular shaped depressions, which are sometimes called pot holes 
or kettle holes. The typical kettle hole is nearly circular, its 
sides make an angle of 30° or 35 0 with the horizon, and it is only 
a few hundred feet or less in diameter. Genetically, however, 
this form cannot be distinguished from the irregular depressions 
a mile or so across, which often form lake basins without outlet. 
In Wisconsin there are a number of kettle hole ridges very 
noticeable in the otherwise flat country, which have recently been 
identified by Professor Chamberlainf as forming a portion of the 
terminal moraine of what he considers to be a second and later 
continental glacier. Professor Chamberlain has identified the line 
*Read before the Society April 9th, 1SS5. 
fThird Annual Report ol the U. S. Geological Survey, 1SS1-2, 
