Vol. XLV. No. 1876. 
NEW YORK, JANUARY 9, 1886. 
PRICE FIVE CENTS. 
82.00 PER YEAR. 
Entered according to Act or Congress, In the year 1880, by the Rural New-Yorker In the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. 
<Tl)C l)rn)5nuuL 
JERSEY BULL, DUKE OF KENESAW 
NO. 11959. 
T Fig. 11 is shown the Jer¬ 
sey Bull Duke of Kenesaw, 
the property of Mr. J. I. 
I Chamberlain, Marietta, 
Georgia, anil generally 
considered the finest bull 
of the breed in that State. 
His sire was the Earl of 
Logan 6,179, and his dam 
Maggie of the Grange 
8333. He was dropped Jan¬ 
uary 17,13*3, aud weighed 
11,130 pounds ou August 3. 
Jerseys are very popular 
at the South, where quite 
a large number have beeu introduced, espee- 
ally into Kentucky, Georgia, Mississippi and 
Texas. The genial climate of that section 
suits them admir¬ 
ably, being not im- 
like that of their na¬ 
tive island, especially 
in the northern tier 
of States. 
after deducting all expenses that have6ccurred. 
There are many cows in this and other local¬ 
ities weighing 1,000 pounds and selling for .*30 
to *25, that will uot give over 4,500 pounds of 
milk per year. They require just the same 
attention and feed and barn room as a good 
cow, and figures will show that they are not 
the cows that pay for three or five years. 
Jesup, Iowa. j. n. muncey. 
Sl)cqi ijnsbtmlinj, 
Dtoit# from the gtttral'gt W.p.Hl. 4?#nu 
DOWN MERINO l\S. MERINO DOWN. 
We suspend the consideration of the regular 
division of our subject this week, to notice a 
criticism made by the Michigan Farmer on 
our remark that, “all things considered, the 
Down Merino was the ideal lamb for winter 
feeding,” in which our respected contemporary 
says that “the Down sheep puts its fat on the 
outside next the skin,” and that “while every 
sheep, and unless excessively fattened, the fat 
is finely mixed through, and with the lean in 
the most perfect proportions, beautifully 
marbling the same, and while the carcass is 
nicely coated with fat, it is never so in exces¬ 
sive proportions. This is the unanimous testL 
mony of every author on sheep husbandry, 
and is shown by every Christmas market in 
this country. 
That people do admire fat mutton and buy 
it as well, is proven by the fact that in New 
York and every other market, the fat carcasses 
always sell first, and at a price several cents 
per pound higher than the lean. Even the 
very fat carcasses of long-wool sheep sell for 
an extra price over the lean ones. It may be, 
and no doubt is, a fact that such meat is not 
so profitable for the consumer, and that a 
larger proportion of it is thrown away; but 
what care we who produce the meat, what be¬ 
comes of it after it passes out of our hands 
and we have the money for it* We feed lambs 
for the profit, and a difference of two or more 
cents per pound makes a great difference in our 
profits, and so long as those people with abund- 
results. While the use of the Down male on the 
Merino female (a Down-Merino cross) would give 
a quick-growing, large-bodied, short-legged, 
hardy, heavy-fleeced and long-wooled iamb, 
having a mother that will give more and bet¬ 
ter mUk for her size and for the food consum¬ 
ed than any other; the use of a Merino male 
on a Down female (a Meiino-Down cross) 
would give a lamb with directly the opposite 
characteristics, and the mother will be found 
a comparatively indifferent milker, more in¬ 
clined to grow and fatten herself than to force 
the lamb to do so. We have tried both these 
crosses, and know from personal experience the 
worthlessness of the latter. As poor as we re¬ 
gal'd full-blood Merino lambs for winter feed¬ 
ing, we should much prefer them to those 
bred by such a cross, and our tiiendly con¬ 
temporary. if it really regards the success of 
its reader's, should hasten to correct its state¬ 
ments, and advise them.under no circumstan¬ 
ces, to ever make a *'Merino-Down cross.” 
We had 
chased seed, which 
JOTTINGS. 
a field of corn planted with pur- 
COW 
PAID. 
THAT 
ONjOctober 15,1834, 
I purchased one of the 
most promising of Hi 
cows. She had a fine 
Flanders escutcheon 
of the flirt order, a 
square and well- 
spread udder, and 
large milk veins. 
The only objection to 
her was that she was 
too small, weighing 
only 900 pounds on 
December 4, 18*5. 
She had been giving 
milk sineeMarch 18*4. 
as I understood, and 
from October 15,18*4. 
to April 8,1885, when 
dry, she gave 2,150 
pounds, that sold for 
*22. May 14,1885,she 
(hopped u calf, which 
I sold for *1.50, its she 
had been bred to a 
l>oor bull. From May 
14 to October 15,1885, 
she gave 4,024 pounds 
of milk, that sold for 
*21.37. This was ft 
total of 6,174 pounds 
of milk for one year, 
that sold for *42.87. 
• Add to this the 
value of the skim 
milk, 4,940 pounds, at, say, 20 cents per 100, 
aud we have the total value of her milk to be 
*52.71. Suppose, uow. that at the end of the 
first year l had sold her to t he butcher for 2 l j 
cents per pound, or *22.50, I would have re¬ 
maining, after paying interest at eight per 
rent., *28.21, with which to pay for feed and 
labor. Now, it costa not more than *10 per 
year to feed such a cow, and there remain 
*12,21 to pay the labor of milking. In addi¬ 
tion, we have also the value of the manure, 
which in Iowa is no small item. 
The pi'obleni is quite different when consid¬ 
ering her milk yield for five years and dis¬ 
tributing the loss by selling for beef to each 
year. This would amount to only *5.22 per 
year, and leave a net pi'ofit of about *23.59 
for some reason did not 
come up well, and as 
a consequence, the 
frost caught it before 
it was fully ripe. We 
fed these stalks with 
the soft corn to the 
cows, and feed what 
we would with them, 
thex-e was a taste to 
the butter, which we 
could recognize aud 
which we did not 
like, and since we 
changed to good 
clover hay, and man¬ 
gels in place of the 
cora-stalks. there is a 
marked change in 
the butter. 
We are satisfied 
that there is no better 
food for the produc¬ 
tion of gilt-edged 
butter than maugels 
or caiTois and plenty 
of bran, oil meal and 
com meal with early- 
cut, well earned clover 
hay. Youcanahnost 
smell the fragrance 
and taste the nectar 
of the clover blos¬ 
soms. 
<3 w -Ysrkey *' 
JERSEY BULL, DUKE OF KENESAW, 11959. 
Pig. 11. 
Our sheep were 
never doing better. 
The lambs are now 
dropping lively and 
some of the older 
ones are ready for 
the market as soon 
as we think it best to 
send them. 
one admires a fat carcass of mutton, but few 
want to buy it," and that a “cross-bred Merino- 
Down will give a more salable carcass than 
even a pure-bred Down.' That the writer of 
these quotat ions has hail uo experience in feed¬ 
ing or marketing lambs, and that he is so 
anxious to show his smartness as to do so at 
the exposure of his ignorance, is shown by the 
utter falsity of each of t he statements we quote, 
it is a fact that long wool sheep do put their 
fat oti the surface, both inside and outside, in 
excessive abundance, while their moat does 
uot. contain enough to give the beautiful mar¬ 
bling so much sought; and that the lean in their 
carcasses is in unduly small proportion. But 
the Downs, aud particularly the South Downs, 
are everywhere the ideal of a pex'fect mutton 
anee of money pi'efer it, and are willing to pay 
for it, we say, let them have it; eveu if it were 
a fact that the Downs were all fat. But this 
hist proposition is the most mischievous of all, 
and will work utter failure and loss to any 
who read and may be induced to follow it. 
While we advocated the Down-Merino cross as 
the best for producing feediug lambs, we did 
not claim for such, the production of a grade 
of meat superior to the pure Down. Such 
would uot be the case, as no better mutton can 
be produced, or desired than that grown inside 
of a pun' Down skin. It was other consider¬ 
ations, as then stated, that led us to recom¬ 
mend that cross as the “ideal lamb.” 
But a Down-Merino and a Merino-Down are 
very distinct crosses and produce very diffei*ent 
Oil meal is cheaper this Winter than we ever 
kuew it before, and we wonder our farmers do 
not feed every pound of it, keeping it at home 
to fertilize our farms instead of letting hun¬ 
dreds of tons every week go abroad to enrich 
the farmers aud the fields of Great Britain. 
Dtiivij ijuslnvnUnj. 
SALT AND SALTING BUTTER.—NO. 3. 
Faulty method of salting; the proper way; 
treatment of the stilt. 
T. D. CURTIS. 
In previous articles we have spoken of the 
