room above. The hives are kept light above, 
so that there is no upward ventilation. In the 
cellar they are set on caps close together, so if 
the bees come out of the hives, they will get 
back either into their own or other hives. One 
end of the hive is raised one inch from the 
bottom board. I put them in the cellar before 
cold weather, and am sure they have plenty of 
good honey. Pay no regard to pollen. 1 think 
this an easy, cheap and safe way to winter. 
Last Winter I lost only three colonies out of 
200. When my cellar was dry, I used to lose 
about three bushels of bees to 100 colonies in 
Winter; now I do not lose one bushel. Plac¬ 
ing the hives close also saves bees. Mr. Hall 
of Canada has had no losses in wintering. He 
could indorse all Mr. Barber had said. He 
wished temperature 52“ and upward. Mr. 
Emigh always wintered safely. Ilis cellar 
was dry; temperature 45° to48®. Mr. Dadant 
liked dry atmosphere. He had had no serious 
losses. 
Mr. Barber said if the cellar was dry a tem¬ 
perature of 45 to 48 degrees was best, but it 
must not go above 50 degrees. When damp, 
it might rise safely to 50 or 70 degrees, or 
even higher. Mr. Hall said his bees bred late 
in Winter, so that when he set hives out May 
1st, they would have three frames of brood, 
and by the 24th of May seven full L. frames 
of brood. Mr. Heddou said there was no con¬ 
flict between him and Mi 1 . Barber. In such a 
cellar as Mr. Barber’s pollen did no harm. 
Mr. Barber said the temperature got higher 
towards Spring; 45 to 50 degress may be high 
enough. His cellar was 22 by 28 feet, and he 
pabl.Il oloiies la it. 
used no artificial heat, but 
the cellar is all underground. / 
His combs were somewhat . . /'I 
moldy, but that did no harm. nil I 
He cooled his cellar 
like a long-tongue sled. It will “scoot’’ over 
a log without catching. The horse pulls from 
the load and not from the scoot. It is easily 
made, as it contains but four pieces of wood 
and four iron bolts. The runners A. A. are 
3)^ feet long and four inches thick. The 
beam B. is 3jk feet long and five inches thick. 
C. is a staple to hold the chaius to the center 
of beam. The bolts holding the runners to 
the tongue are eyed at E. E. The erotebed 
tongued D. is made from the forked limb of a 
tree about three inches thick, or it can be 
made of two crooked pieces of wood bolted 
together. This is the strongest part of the 
whole;sled, and, like the beam and runners, 
should be made of natural timber with only 
the bark shaved off. A ring or staple is 
placed under the point of the tongue to ad¬ 
mit the passage of the chain hook. In loading 
TANK FOR OILING WAGON WHEELS. 
A YOUNG STOCKMAN’S EXPERIENCE. 
Mr. J. P. Simpson, of Palmer, Illinois, de¬ 
scribes his method of oiling v r agon wheels, 
which is illustrated at Fig. 70. B. represents 
About a year ago I moved into this coun¬ 
try. My father and myself heard that the 
farm upon which I am located would be sold 
cheap. In a month’s time all arrangements 
were made, and I was in charge of the busin¬ 
ess, It seemed to me that I was to take charge 
of the world, instead of a farm of 520 acres. 
It was my first exjierience in business. About 
the middle of March we commenced opera¬ 
tions by grubbing and chopping. There was 
not a blade of tame grass on the farm. We 
cleared the land and sowed 25 acres of Blue 
Grass, 15 acres of clover aud 30 acres of Tim¬ 
othy. These have all made good crops of hay, 
thus proving that the tame grasses will grow 
well here. 
I tried my hand at plowing for the first 
time. The lookers-on seemed to enjoy the 
sight more than I did. However, I became a 
fair plowman before I finished. We put 
in GO acres of corn and five acres of millet. 
Both did well, the millet yielding 2 1 tons per 
acre. 
I bought with the farm 45 head of cattle 
and 125 hogs. I afterwards bought a thor¬ 
oughbred Short-horn bull and all the good 
heifers and steel’s I could fiud in the neigh¬ 
borhood. Before Summer I had 125 head of 
cattle and 24b hogs. The hogs kept in fine 
iron tank, in which the linseed oil is [boiled. 
It is to be placed between the posts shown at 
A. When the oil begins to boil the wheel is 
placed in the tank, supported by moans of a 
stick which rests on cleats attached to the 
posts. The wheel is turned slowly around and 
well nibbed with a small paint brush. To 
accommodate different sizes of wheels several 
sizes of cleats are placed on the posts, or the 
down 
with ice when he wished to 
carry bees out. 
6 . 
8 . 
9 . 
10 . 
11 . 
WHEAT AND RYE HYBRIDS. Originated at the Rural Experiment Grounds. Typical Heads most Resembling Wheat. Fig. 68. (See page 103.) ' 
The number of eolouies reported by the 
members was 4,283 in Spring, and 7,47!) in 
October—increase 75 per cent: of comb honey 
there had been 1.55,354 pounds, and of extract¬ 
ed 80,928 pounds—total 242,282 pounds; wax 
2,233 pounds ; comb honey unsold 43,275 
pounds; extracted unsold 33,425 pounds. The 
Convention, thus it scorned, was practically, at 
least, for comb honey. 
Mr. D. H. J ones spoke of the races of Ih^s. He 
had spent thousands of dollars importing bees. 
He does not like either pure Syrians or Cypri 
ans, but does like very much a cross between 
these and the Italian or Cumioluii. If crossed 
with Italian he would have one-third Italian 
with Camiolan, one-half Carniolan and oue* 
half Syrian. The Caruiohuis bail not troubled 
him by excessive swarming. He had found 
his bees, on the Islands of Georgian Bay, would 
mate when seven miles apart. Thus ended 
this large, interesting meeting. “c.” 
THE BEAUTIFUL POSTERS 
Of THE RURAL NEW-YORKER WI1 
GLAI5LY BEMA1 LEI) WITHOUT CHARt 
10 ALL WHO APPLY FOR THEM. 
condition through the Summer on peaches and 
other fruits, for which this country is famous. 
When the mast commenced to fall, I turned 
my hogs out, and in five weeks had 80 ready 
for market. I toil them only 2Lj bushels of 
corn each. My beef cattle kept in fine condit¬ 
ion on the native grasses. In December I 
started for St, Louis with my cattle aud hogs. 
We are 45 miles from a railroad. I felt proud 
enough when my animals were driven into the 
Stock Yards. The commission merchant told 
me I was the youngest man they had ever giv- 
eu checks to for stock. I looked so much like 
a boy that I hail to identify myself. I am on¬ 
ly 21 years old. 
My first year’s experience has certainly 
been a success. I like the life. 1 live in a log 
cabin which I had boxed aud ceiled and then 
painted. I have a library of about 175 vol¬ 
umes, and other conveniences that make my 
life very pleasant. I give my men the use of 
my library and encourage them to improve 
their spare time. Ou the w hole, 1 am much 
pleased with farm life in this country and 
would not go back to city life, i. c. o. 
Boone Co., Ark. 
tank can be raised or lowered by using bricks. 
The tank'should never be more than half full, 
or it will boil over. The advantages to be 
derived from carefully oiling wagon wheels 
are too obvious to require mention. The cost 
of such a tank as this will be easily saved in 
decreased blacksmith’s bills. 
YANKEE SCOOT. 
Mr. J. A. Putnam sends us the design 
shown at Fig. 72. He fitids it very useful in 
Fig. 72. 
hauling brush, logs or poles. It makes a light 
substitute for a sled, aud will keep in the road 
the *’scoot,” the load is placed on the* beam. 
Then the chain is hooked into the ^"staple", 
passed over the load, back through tliestaple, 
under the beam and out through the ring or 
staple ou the tongue. 
A HOME MADE BENCH VISE. 
A good iron vise is a very useful tool, but it 
costs so much that many farmers do not feel 
The Enterprise Meat-Chopper, 
Every family should hare one. Size No. 
10 will thoroughly out one pound in a min¬ 
ute. The meat is chopped—not "mashed. 
The machine *is simple and* durable. The 
price is $8.00,'and we yive it for three sub¬ 
scribers. The III It .t f.'sells nothincfcexcept 
the It. A'.-l . The Xo, 22 cuts two pounds 
per minute . ,p Price $.400. Given for four 
subscribers. T h is is the size you should ha re. 
A ldress the Enterprise 3f]f'g Co., cor. 3rd 
and Dauphin Streets, Philadelphia, Pa., 
for circulars. 
