202 
mmm 27 
(Continued from parte 201.) 
which didu’t do very well. The Prince of 
W ales Peas were very prolific, with pc>ds from 
five to seven inches long. (?) All the corn didn’t 
get ripe; some stalks bore seven ears. Toma¬ 
toes and flowers excellent. w, a d. 
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
[Every query must be accompanied by the name 
and address of the writer to insure attention. Before 
asking a question, please see If it Is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few questions at 
one t ime. Put questions on a separate piece of paper.] 
POLL-EVIL; FISTULA OF THE POLL. 
T. C.. Carhondale , 7//.—L. A fistula on my 
mare is festering and running on both sides 
of the neck. A three-year-old mare has 
a fistula also; but it has uot broken yet. Both 
animals are in good condition; what should 
be the treatment? 2. Another mare had 
sweeny last Fall; on turning her to pasture, 
the lameness disappeared, but the shoulder is 
still shrunken; what will make it fill out 
again. 3. What is a good condition powder 
for horses? 
answered by f. l. kilborne, b. v. s. 
1. Carefully examine the recent case for 
auy fluctuation about the poll to ascertain 
whether suppuration—the formation of matter 
or —has taken place. In case it has not. 
apply a large sponge to the swelling, and keep 
it constantly saturated with cold water, to 
which may be added vinegar and tincture of 
arnica. Internally give a purgative—five or 
six drams Barbadoes aloes—and follow by a 
laxative diet to keep the bowels freely open. 
When the inflammation has subsided and 
there is no longer any tenderness, tincture of 
iodine may be applied to reduce the swelling. 
If there is fluctuation, indicating that matter 
has already formed, an opeuing should be 
made as soon as possible to allow the escape 
of the pus. The treatment of the two cases 
will now be quite similar. With a silver 
probe, find the base of each and every sac, if 
there should prove to be more than one, 
and make a free incision to the base of each 
sac to allow the pus to readily escape as it: is 
formed. Wash out daily with a weak solution 
of chloride of zinc or boi acic acid—one-half 
dram to each quart of water—until the forma¬ 
tion of pus ceases. Theu treat as an ordinary 
wound until healed. Il' there is danger of the 
wound closing before the formation of pus 
ceases, tie iu a piece of tape and allow it to 
remain until healing has begun, then gradu¬ 
ally draw it out at the base as the wouud 
heals from above. A competent veterinary 
surgeon should be employed to probe and 
open the sacs. If the disease has uot reached 
the joint, a recovery cau usually l ie expected, 
with proper treatment; but where the disease 
is deep-seated so that the joint becomes impli¬ 
cated, it is usually incurable. During the 
treatment it is very impoi taut that the ani¬ 
mals should be kept indoors, fed from a high 
rack, and the head tied so as to keep it ele¬ 
vated. After healing, they should nut be 
turned to grass or fed from a low rack for a 
year or longer. Avoid bad fitting bridles or 
the overdraw check, aud keep clear of low- 
stables or low- doorways, where the animal 
cau bruise the poll by till-owing up the head. 
Inquiries like 2 and 3 have been answered 
quite recently in the Rural, and as our space 
is overcrowded, we must refer our friend to 
the answers. 
^PERIODIC OPHTHALMIA—MOON BLINDNESS. 
E. A. S., Kinvnuidy , III. —1. The forma¬ 
tion of the film over the eye of your young 
horse in the present case is due to the 
recurring attacks of periodic or specific 
ophthalmia, a constitutional aud bereditary 
affection, the nature of which is uot, very 
w ell known, Anything that depletes the 
general health may develop the disease. 
Young horses out of condition, especially at 
time of teething, are must commonly attacked. 
The attacks are liable to recur every three or 
four weeks after the first until a cataract has 
formed on one or Loth eyes. An attack usual¬ 
ly lasts about a week. 2. There is no known 
remedy for this disease. The most that can 
be done is to adopt, preventive measures to 
ward off or prevent further attacks. When 
once the disease appears it is usually incur¬ 
able and ends In a cataract, blindness, al¬ 
though a very few' cases recover uuder au 
improved regimen. Give special attention to 
the general health and comfort of the animal, 
so as to bring him into prime condition. 
Daily exercise that does uot exhaust the ani¬ 
mal, thorough daily grooming, good feeding, 
and a comfortable, dry stable are all impor¬ 
tant. Wherever the disease is prevalent, avoid 
damp, marshy, or malarious localities. Do 
uot breed from diseased animals as their off¬ 
spring arc very liable to be likewise affected. 
The severity of au acute attack may be t>ar- 
tially relieved by giving a laxative—four or 
five drams of Barbadoes aloes—followed by 
oue-half dram of powdered colchicum, four 
drams of uiter and 20 drops of tincture of acon¬ 
ite twice or thrice daily. For an animal that 
is out of condition, a course of tonics will be 
beneficial by improving the general health. 
After recovering from an attack, give twice 
daily for a few weeks, two drams of sulphate 
of iron, one dram of aloes and oue-half ounce 
each of gentian and ginger. 
“hollow-horn." 
H. G. C., Marietta, Ga.— 1. Oneof my cows 
is subject to attacks of “hollow- horn.” The 
former owner, as is usual in such eases, bored 
holes in her horns, put in salt and pepper aud 
then forced turpentine in at the roots of the 
horns. Shortly afterwards she recovered. 
The other night she came home looking bad. 
with her head down and to one side, as if in 
pain. She gave but little milk ami ate noth¬ 
ing. By the advice of neighbors I reopened 
the holes in the horns. There was little dis- 
oliarge from one, but considerably more from 
the other—nearly a cupful of thick, bloody 
matter. 1 put salt aud pepper into the holes 
and poured turpentine on the head, aud she 
was well in a few days; though she lias uot 
given as much milk as she used to before tbe 
attack. What is the proper treatment? 2. 
What will prevent a sow from eating chick¬ 
ens? 8. A veterinary author condemns the 
boring of cows’ horns for “hollow- horn 
what does the Ritual think? 
answered by f. l. kilborne, b. v. s. 
I. Strictly speaking, there Ls no such dis¬ 
ease as “hollow-horn." It is a popular uame 
conveniently used by “cow doctors" to indi¬ 
cate any disease of horned cattle, the nature 
of which they do not understand. When a 
cow- is sick, they proceed to bore the horn, 
find it hollow- and pronounce the disease 
“hollow horn." If they would bore the horns 
of a few- healthy cuttle they would find the 
disease much more prevalent than they sup¬ 
pose. In other words, the horns of a healthy 
animal are normally hollow, which fact ac¬ 
counts for their almost invariably finding 
them hollow iu sick animals. No satisfactory 
treatment can In 1 recommended on such gen¬ 
eral principles. The present case was most, 
likely one of digestive disorder with some 
fever, the attack being brought on or hastened 
by exposure. A much more rational treat¬ 
ment would have been a moderate tlose of 
Glauber salts, followed by niter and aconite. 
2. Keeping the chickens out of the reach of 
the sow. 3. We fully agree w-ith the authi >r. 
Not only is it unnecessary and ridiculous, but 
it is oftentimes ]iositively injurious, as we 
lielieve it was in the present ease. 
DEVICE FOR TRANSPLANTING STRAWBERRIES; 
HARDY PEARS; GROWING CLIAN'fHUS 
DAMPIERI, 
P. O. .1/., West Rend, Is there any 
successful machine for transplanting straw¬ 
berries with balls of earth about the roots; 
would it pay to patent such a device? 2. Is 
the Anjou Pear sufficiently hardy to do well 
there. Flemish Beauty- and Dearborn’s Seed¬ 
ling thrive. If not. what early winter pear 
will? 11. For three years I have 1 men unable 
to get seed of the Clianthus Dampieri to ger¬ 
minate; why? 
Ans. —1. The transplanting <>f strawberries 
with a ball of earth is practicable only on a 
limited scale, and when the ground to be 
planted is in immediate juxtaposition with 
that from which the plants are to lie taken. 
Even to this extent, however, a machine that 
can satisfactorily prepare the cavities to re¬ 
ceive the plants, take up and settle them iu 
their proper positions, without breaking the 
balls of earth, would be a desirable acquisi¬ 
tion, if it were capable of vapid ojieration 
and not toil expensive. 2. Our experience 
and nliservatiou would indicate that theAu- 
jou Pear is fully as hardy as either the Flem¬ 
ish Beauty or Dearborn. Winter Nelis is 
decidedly superior to this in quality, though 
not a*satisfactory in habits of growth, aud 
possibly somewhat less hardy. 8, Clianthus 
Dampieri is a half-hardy shrub, a native of 
the desert regions of Australia, although in 
our climate it usually is treated as an anuual. 
The seeds, as well as the young plants, are 
difficult to manage, even by an expert, and, 
in tbe climate of Wisconsin, should not be 
planted in the open ground until all fear of 
alternations of cold are past—say toward the 
middle of June. Even then, without special 
care in watering the young plauts, they are 
very liable to “damp off,” as propagators 
phrase it. The best method we know of 
avoiding this danger is to fill the pot in 
which the seeds are to be planted with rich 
sandy loam, aud in its center insert a smaller 
pot, without a bottom, and fill this last with 
similar soil, about an inch higher than that 
in the outer pot, Water with care—not ex¬ 
cessively—and in the outer pot only. VV hen 
the earliest growth has become matured, the 
difficulty of management has mainly ceased. 
THE NORTHERN BOUNDARY OF THE U. S. 
7?. II S., Tiffin , Ohio.— There is little danger 
that auy one wishiug to settle iu tar northern 
Dakota will by mistake find himself iu the 
Dominion. The boundary is marked plainly 
and continuously by stone <-airus T’fixfi feet; 
mounds, 7x14 feet; iron pillars, seven feet 
high, eight inches square at the bottom and 
four at the top. aud timber posts five feet 
high and eight inches square. There are 385 
of these marks between the Lake of the Woods 
and the base of the Rocky Mountains. East 
and west, of the Red River, the boundary is 
marked by cast-iron pillars at mile intervals. 
“American" aud “British" pillars alternate. 
Uu one side of each post is “Convention of 
London;” on the other “October 20, ISIS.” 
Where lakes are crossed, stone heaps have 
been built projecting several feet above water. 
In forests the line was first marked by felling 
the timber a rod wide aud clearing away the 
underbrush; where this Hue hassiuce beeu ob¬ 
literated, posts have takeu its place. 
BUILDING A CEI.LAR WALL. 
]). O. S., Jasper. —In building a barn base¬ 
ment, where there is difficulty iu makiug the 
w-all stand up w ell, we can see no use iu taper¬ 
ing (“battering”) a w-all on either side. In 
digging for the basement, excavate two feet 
more each way than the barn is to be; build 
the wall from oue-aiul-a-haif to two feet 
thick, according to the bight and size of barn 
to be placed on top of it, aud leave a space of 
one foot on all sides next the dirt; fill this 
space with loose stones, so that no soil will 
touch the wall, aud if you will provide good 
drainage to the foundation, nothing will ever 
disturb the wall. It is dampness and frost 
that ruin walls, 
CHEST FOUNDER IN HORSES. 
If, //,, St am ford, Nrie York .—As a 
remedy for chest founder in a horse, first 
make sure that, the difficulty is in the chest 
aud not in the feet. At the outset give four 
or five drams of Barbadoes aloes if the bowels 
are not already purged, and thrice daily 25 
drops of tincture of aconite aud one-half 
ounce of niter. Clothe warmly with blankets, 
aud keep in a warm, airy stable. The cause 
of the difficulty will govern the general 
treatment of the animal, w-hich should be 
such as will best relieve that particular case. 
-- 
Miscellaneous. 
"Subscriber,"' mo address). —1. For two 
years my mare has kept quite poor though 
liberally fed with carrots, oats and Timothy 
hay. While eating carrots and oats, she fre¬ 
quently chokes aud theu draws up her back 
and squeals once every two or three minutes. 
She then coughs up slimy matter with her 
feed. She doesn’t digest her grain, though 
her appetite is good. She has had four colts 
in as many years, but is not with foal uow; do 
her teeth need filing? 2. is the Maushury 
Barley four or six-rowed? 
Ans.— 1. If any of the teeth are overgrown 
so as to project beyond the wearing or grind¬ 
ing surface, they should be filed. It the mare 
chokes only on the oats aud eurrots. it is, most 
likely, due to her habit of eating. Feed the 
oats in a lmx in which there are rocks as large 
as one or both closed fists. This will prevent 
the mare from eating the oats so rapidly. 
Also try feeding the carrots in some other con¬ 
dition. If the difficulty continues, there is 
something wrong iu the mouth or throat, and 
the services of a veterinary surgeon may be 
required. Internally give five or six drams 
of Barbadoes aloes to Open the bowels, and 
follow twice daily with two drams each of 
uiter aud sulphate of iron, one-half ounce 
each of powdered gentian aud ginger, and 
one-half dram of aloes. 2. Six-rowed. 
77. O. A'.. Weeks, M. 7’.—Three years since 
I lost four horses. They showed no signs of 
sickness, were in good health and flesh, with 
smooth hair and bright eyes, ate and looked 
well; but they would choke aud fall down 
after the least exertion. A post-mortem ex¬ 
amination showed that their lungs were nl 
most entirely gone or solidified. 1 thoroughly 
cleaned the stable and bought a pair of mules, 
and last Fall, thinking I had got rid of all 
genus of the disease, I bought a pair of young 
mares. Since then both mules have died, 
though they showed no sign of disease, the 
mares are healthy still; what, was the matter? 
Ans.— We cannot tell from the symptoms 
triven what caused the death of voui animals, 
and consequently cannot suggest a course to 
pursue in regard to the care or prevent ion, 
J. IF. D., Washington, Can. —1. A tew days 
ago my calf began to run about as if stung 
by something, carrying its tail over its back; 
it would stop suddenly and try to gnaw itself 
all over. It drinks milk but doesn’t take 
anything else; what ails it? 2. Which is the 
better way to feed wheat bran and corn meal 
mixed—dry or wet? 
A ns.— 1. The symptoms are too brief to say 
definitely. Probably there is either some 
nervous disorder or disease of the skin caus¬ 
ing extreme irritation. Nob knowing the 
nature of tbe difficulty, we cannot recom¬ 
mend a course of treatment. 2. It depends 
upon what stock you are feeding and also, to 
some extent, upon the diet of the animals. 
In general, for horses we prefer it moistened; 
for cattle or sheep, dry; for swine, wet. 
A. P. 17., Brooklyn, N. I'.—1. Borne cattle 
iu Massachusetts ate Polypod or Marsh Fern 
with their hay. They swelled up and moved 
round and round, as was discovered by the 
prints of their hoofs iu the ground; what 
ailed them? 2, What are Scuppernong 
Grapes? 
Ans. —1. There is no Polypod in Massachu¬ 
setts that cau be called a Marsh Fern. Of the. 
other ferns there are several species that 
grow on marshy lands, but none, so fa r as we 
kuow, that has received the uame of Marsh 
Fern. If the plant is a true fern the popular 
name thus given it must be purely local. 
Without knowiug the plant, we can only re¬ 
commend that it lie avoided iu the fodder. 2. 
Scuppernong Grapes are cultivated varieties 
of the Vitis volpiua, the Muscadine or South¬ 
ern Fox-grape. 
E. 77. B., Oneida, A r . I'.—My four-months- 
old sow pig is losing the use of her right fore¬ 
leg aud foot. She makes motions as if to walk, 
but only touches the ground; sometimes she 
tries to get around on her knees. She is 
worst in the morning. The other legs appear 
to be affected of late; what ails her? 
Ans.—A personal examination would be 
necessary to give a satisfactory answer. We 
would suggest that you should call a compe¬ 
tent veterinary surgeon to see the case, 
.7. 7 >. T., Brookside , N. ./.—My cow has 
good care and feed, aud gives six quarts of 
milk a day ; but while there is a fine lot of 
yellow butter iu the churn, it cannot be 
gathered; why? 
Ans. —Perhaps your churn is in a cold place 
and the butter gets too cold to gather by the 
time it comes. Most dairymen would uot 
worry about gathering the butter. They 
would take it out of the butter-milk, wash it, 
salt it aud pack it together. 
IF. /’., Newton ritle, Mass.—My cow-’s milk 
has a bitter taste so that we can’t use it. She 
is all right, cats well and is in good condition, 
but she comes in in April: what’s the trouble? 
Ans.—I t is hard to answer such conun¬ 
drums. She may get some bitter weeds in her 
hay, or her nearness to calving time may have 
some effect. The latter will make milk salty > 
and perhaps bitter. We should dry her off. 
C. 77., Mt. Pleasant, Iowa.—My last spring 
calves are troubled with spots, like warts. 
They spread aud the scab and hairs come off. 
The hair of others falls off from about the 
eyes; what’s the matter? 
Ans.— Common ring-worm. See “Ring-worm 
in a Colt” iu the F. C. of Jan. 80, for treatment. 
B. I). 7*’., Baltimore , Md.— There are sever¬ 
al “Floral Dictionaries with apposite quota¬ 
tions from the poets;” but all of them are 
more or less disappointing. Miss C. H. Water¬ 
man published, iu 1357, “Floral Lexicon—Lan¬ 
guage of Flowers,” aud H. G. Adams, in 1808, 
gave us “Language aud Poetry of Flowers. 
Then there are Mrs. S. C. Carter’s “Lexicon of 
Ladies’ Names, with Floral Emblems," 18(35- 
T. Miller’s “Poetical Language of Flowers,” 
1855; L. Hooper's ‘.‘Lady’s Book of Flowers 
and Poetry, 1 ’ 18134, ami some others uot so well 
known. 
M. .4. B., Niagara, Ontario .—1. Yes, the 
Brighton Grape is quite suitable for a viue- 
yard where it succeeds. It is a valuable grape. 
2. Worden is as good as Concord anti many 
think a few days earlier. It is uot earlier at 
the Rural Grounds thus far. Moore’s Early 
is at least one week earlier than Concord. 
The bunch is smaller, berry larger—the same 
iu quality. 
Communications Recf.ivko for tiif. Wkkk Ending 
Saturday, March 20, V & 6 . 
C. H. K.-F. E. S.—J. H. T.-T. H. H.-P. H. J.-T. T. 
H —W C S.-H. II. IV. P.. thanks.—T. D. C.—J. H.— 
K. J. W. L. F. M.-J. H.. Jr.-W. H. M.-A. W.-T. I». 
c _\v. W.-C. H. W. M. E. P. W.-C. H. W.-F. H. H 
.1. E. H. X, A. S.-J. D, - <>. W. D.-K. D.-K. L.-C. A. 
(_• _c B M.—G.Ij.—M. A. P.—II. H. C. A. G.—A. K. t. 
-P. H. M.-E. J. W.-C. P.~J. J. 8. W. F. R.-P. H. B. 
_C b.—J. H. 8.— L. R.—W. A. .1. L. S. R.—B. H. F.— 
S. A. ll.-B -A. M A. F. J.-K. M. L.-It. E. S.-G. H. 
W. P.—C. E. P., thanks.—A. IV. N.P. O.—R. F. B.— 
P. G. B.-F. S. N.—A. B. A.-F. J.- A. C. K.-J. F. K.-L. 
A p -G. B.—J. G.- W. H.-T. D. C.-F. L. K.-E. I • D. 
P. ll.-J. A. C. S. S. B.-J. C. B.-J. O. W.-J. W. T- 
K M Y B. L. O. H. -T. II. Y., thanks.-A. M.—H. T. 
F. 'h.’k’-J.H, 1..-ILU. F.-W.H. L. H. P. MeA.-G. 
K.-W.W.-C, L. -L. .1. T.-o. c. W. t thanks.—W. 3.- 
\V J.B.— J. T., thanks.—W. D. S.— P.—J. B.—J. M. 8. 
—W. G.-F. W. W.-H. H. C.--C. E. P., many thanks. 
—J. F. H., thanks. J. B. G.—P.H. S.—M. A. Q.—" •" • 
T. -J. T.-W. H. N.-I.R. M.-H.-K. A.S.-S. S, 
