<886 
THE rtURAL NEW-YORKER. 
GUERNSEY CATTLE. 
Not many years ago all the cattle imported 
into this country from the Channel Islands 
were known as Alderaeys, although it is 
probable that not a single animal ever came 
from the little Maud of Alderney, whose area 
of rock, furze, timber, tilled and grazing 
land amounts to only 1,063 acres. It is a mere 
dependency of its larger neighbor Guernsey, 
which has an area of 35 square miles. This and 
Jersey, with an area of 45 square miles, has al¬ 
ways been the true source of supply of Channel 
Island cattle to this country and the rest of the 
world. Alderney, being nearer than the others 
to the English coast, was, ioug ago, the ship¬ 
ping point for all the Channel Islands, and 
hence gave its name to all the cattle from 
the other islands, as wallas from the mainland 
of France. Although owing their origin 
probably to the same source—the cattle of 
the neighboring coast of Normandy—the 
Guernsey and Jersey are considered distinct 
breeds, and long before the opening of this 
century striugent laws were in force in both 
islands prohibiting the importation of cattle 
from auy other country, in order to preserve 
the purity of the uative blood; and during 
this century laws have been passed strength¬ 
ening the time-honored custom at the islands. 
It is even forbidden to transfer cattle from 
one of these Mantis to the other; but the cattle 
of Alderney and Sark, which form part of 
the Bailiwick of Guernsey, have always been j 
allowed to enter Guernsey and to 
compete at the Guernsey shows in¬ 
discriminately with those bred in the 
island itself. In their native homes 
the Guernseys and Jerseys have their 
own separate herd books; and even 
the cattle of Alderney and Sark lind 
a place only in the Appendix of the 
“General Guernsey Herd Book,” the 
first volume of which was published 
as late as 1881, though another pub¬ 
lication called “The Guernsey Herd 
Book,” imposing more stringent re¬ 
quirements for registration, was puli- 
lished in 1879. In this country the 
“American Jersey Herd Book” was 
commenced in ISllti by a committee 
of associated breeders; and in 1871 the 
first volume of “TheHerd Register" 
was published by “The American 
Jersey Cattle Club,” which was 
founded nearly three years before- 
in 18(18. It was uot until 1879, how¬ 
ever, that the “American Guernsey 
Cattle Club” published the first 
Guernsey herd book in this country 
—about the surue time when the first 
work of the kind was issued in the 
original home of the breed. Guernsey con¬ 
tains about *5,000 animals, and exports 
about 1,000 annually, mostly to England, the 
export to this country being uot much over 
135 a year, though the importations have in¬ 
creased somewhat within the last few years. Al¬ 
though there are more Guernseys in England 
than in Guernsey* there are few distinctive 
herds,as Guernseys are used principally to color 
the milk and butter of other breeds,and so high¬ 
ly are they esteemed for this purpose, thatvery 
high prices are paid for choice animals. In 
America Guernseys are mostly to be met 
with in Pennsylvania. Maryland, New York, 
Connecticut and Massachusetts, very few 
having yet made their way to the South, 
West, or Canada. Jersey contains from 
13,000 to 15,000 animals, and exports about 
3,500 a year, a larger proportion to this 
couutry than to any other. 
In their native islands the prices of average 
specimens of both breeds are about the same; 
but owing to the speculation produced by 
the Jersey “ boom” here, and the craze for 
“solid color” and “fancy” points here, in 
Englaud and the British Colonies, the best 
Guernseys sell for considerably less than the 
best Jerseys. While in their native homes 
the bast Guernseys have sold for from #5110 to 
$1,200 apiece; Jerseys of the best strains have 
brought as high as from $3,000 to $5,000 each. 
In this country, also,the same rule holds good: 
average Guernseys fetch prices quite as high 
as average Jerseys; though Jerseys of the 
most fashionable strains bring much more 
extravagant figures than the choicest Guern¬ 
seys. Indeed, among the latter there are no 
families that can compare with the Alphea, 
Rex, Coomasslu, Stoke Pogis and other 
“boomed” strains of Jersey blood. The num¬ 
ber of Guernseys in existence is much smaller; 
they have never heen the pets of English 
aristocrats for their beauty of form and 
deer-like appearance, or of American specu¬ 
lators for the money that could be made out 
of them by skillful manipulation of the mar¬ 
ket. While there are few phenomenal butter 
makers among them, it is contended that 
there are proportionately much fewer poor 
Guernseys than Jerseys. In contrasting the 
two breeds, the enthusiastic patrons of the 
latter claim, however, a greater quautity, 
a higher quality and a better flavor of butter; 
also that it is firmer in Hummer and of finer 
grain the year round; and that the Guernsey 
butter is oily. The Guernsey men contend 
that the butter of their favorites is quite as 
great in quantity, as good iu quality and (to 
put it mildly) as firm in warm weather as that 
of their more fashionable rivals, and that the 
Guernsey holds out in milking quite as long 
as the Jersey; while it is conceded that both 
her milk and butter products are of much 
higher color. 
There is abundance of room and use in this 
country for all the good specimens of both 
of these fine breeds of dairy cattle, and there 
is neither sense nor policy in disparaging 
either by way of pufling the other. The Jer¬ 
seys, of which there are now among us proba¬ 
bly from 35,000 to 45,000 pure-bred animals, 
of which not over half are registered, have 
done a great deal for the American dairy, not 
only by contributing their own rich milk and 
choice butter, but, still more, by improving 
the products of the uative dairy stock by 
grading it up. The Guernsey is equally valu¬ 
able for both these purposes, and being 
coarser and hardier, is adapted to a wider 
range of country, being able to thrive in a 
climate too rigorous for the more delicate 
Jersey. The former has never been subjected 
to the coddling and petting enjoyed by the lat¬ 
ter at home and elsewhere, nor has its consti¬ 
tution or milk capacity been tampered with by 
breeding to suit the whims of fashion, or feed¬ 
ing for phenomenal butter yields. The Guern¬ 
sey cows are larger and hardier and more 
docile than the Jerseys, and the bulls are 
much less vicious aud dangerous; while the 
calves are larger and can be more readily 
turned into veals. As to colors, those of the 
Jerseys are mostly light red or fawn, and black 
mixed and sploshed with white, and “solid” 
colors are preferred as indicative of the most 
careful breeding; those of the Guernseys in¬ 
clude white, red and black in any shade and 
mixture, except roan, no instance of which 
has ever occurred in pure-bred animals. 
Brindle is not uncommon, and the nose may 
be either black or white. As a rule, the 
Guernseys are lighter-colored than the Jer¬ 
seys. There is considerable room for im¬ 
provement yet in the former; certainly more 
than iu the latter, which have been carefully 
bred for a much longer time for certain desir¬ 
able i»>ints; and it is uot generally denied 
that the breeders of Jersey are more intelli¬ 
gent, skillful and enterprising than those of 
the neighboring island. 
At Fig. 143 is presented (re-engraved from 
the English Live Stock Journal) a likeness of 
the Guernsey cow Ladybird II., 733 P. S., R. 
G. A. S., nn excellent specimen of the breed. 
She is the property of the Express Dairy Com¬ 
pany Limited, Finchley, England—one of the 
large associations w liich have lately begun to 
monopolize the business of supplying cities 
and large towns with milk, and, indeed, with 
most of the dairy goods produced ou the 
island. She was calved iu Guernsey in 1879, 
aud was taken to her present home in March, 
1885. She has had four calves, the last of 
which was dropped on August 10 last. At the 
dairy show in London last October, she was 
awarded the first prize for breeding points 
and general type, iu a very strong class. 
Afterwards she proved her excellent qualities 
as a milk and butter producer by winning the 
first prize aud silver medal iu the milking 
competition over all Jersey as well as Guern¬ 
sey classes. The Live Stock Journal says: 
“She represents the true type of the old- 
fashioned Guernsey, possessing a vigorous 
constitution, great size and depth, is straight 
on the back, square and deep at the hind¬ 
quarters, and is of the wedge shape typical 
of a first-class daily animal. Her udder is 
rather deep than long, with the teats well- 
placed, and long and prominent milk veins.” 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
Rossie Iron Ore Paint Co., Ogdensburg, 
N. Y.—This paint is made from ores mined 
by this company. It is a pure oxide of iron, 
the color being natural; that is, not being 
changed by heat or artificial means. It is 
claimed that this paint is the best and most 
durable for tin or iron; for shingle roofs, barns 
and all out-buildings, pumps, farm imple¬ 
ments, etc. It will resist all kinds of weather 
and will form a firmer coat and heavier body 
and yet is more elastic than other paints, 
protecting surfaces from sparks and hot cin¬ 
ders. Owing to the small percentage of clay 
contained in the ore, it is said that Rossie paint 
requires one-third less oil to mix and spread 
it properly than any other metallic paint, while, 
owing to its strength of color, it will spread 
a greater surface. When properly mixed, it 
is olaimed that one gallon will cover from 
600 to 700 feet of old paint or rough surface, 
and from 800 to 900 of new tin. Mixed with 
linseed oil, it forms a cement which will stop 
leaky roofs, while it is as good as red lead for 
making joints iu pipes. The company will 
send samples free for experiment to Rural 
readers. 
Challenge Wind Mill & Feed Mit t. Co., 
Batavia, 111.—All who propose to erect wind¬ 
mills should send for this catalogue, or ex¬ 
amine the mill described. It is self-governing, 
so that the motion is said to be nearly as steady 
as that of a steam engine, being no greater 
in the most violeut wind, than iu a fair breeze. 
The power, however, may be increased by the 
operator, by changing the position of a weight 
upon a lever. It is olaimed that the Challenge 
M ind-mili has in every case succesfully 
stood the test of the terrible storms which have 
swept over the country from time to time. 
For pumping water for stock or for irriga¬ 
tion ; for dwellings or railroads; or for grinding ( 
or thrashing grain; sawing wood; cuttiug fod¬ 
der, etc., the manufacturers claim it is 
unequaled, not that it is the lowest price but 
because it is the strongest, most powerful sim¬ 
ple and durable. The catalogue discusses the 
improvements in W ind-mills, and finally gives 
many testimonials, some of which are from 
men who, like Prof. G. E. Morrow and M. W. 
Dunham, are well kuown to all The cata¬ 
logue also illustrates and describes the Chal¬ 
lenge Feed Mill. 
Deere & Mansur Co., Moline, Ills. J. b. 
Bare, 60 South Gay St., Baltimore, Md., Man- 
ftger of the Easteru Office.— 1 This is a circular 
of the well-known Deere One-horse Drill and 
the Moline One-horse Drill, the latter of which 
we have used for years at the Rural Farm 
for planting coru. As will be seen by the cir¬ 
cular, the driving wheel is in front. The 
grain is cut off by an adjustable brush, the 
kernels being dropped approximately 13,15 or 
30 inches apart. The machine has a steel fur¬ 
row opener and adjustable cover? rs, The fer¬ 
tilizer distributor is said to work perfectly. 
This wo have never used, as our fertilizers are 
always distributed broadcast. The Deere 
Drill has a runner drill opener with either a 
flat or concave covering wheel. It drops 
ordinary-sized com one kernel at once, 10, 15 
or 20 inches apart as desired, this being regu¬ 
lated by the plates. There are special plates 
for planting beans, peas, etc. For further 
information regarding these labor-saving 
machines, send for the circular or apply to 
the above firm. 
H. F. Batcheller & Son, Box M, Rocks 
Falls, Ills.—A catalogue of Improved Appar¬ 
atus and Supplies for Creameries and Dairies. 
The Batcheller Chum is said to be the most 
easily operated, the simplest and cheapest, 
producing more butter and a better quality, 
with a perfect grain, than any other. This 
chum brings the butter by concussion, not by 
friction,as with dash chums, giving the cream 
direct and continuous hlows. The continued 
swashing of the entire mass of cream rinses 
the sides at every revolution, which prevents 
the accumulation of half-ohuraed cream on 
the sides. The arrangement for holding the 
cover on the chum makes an air-tight joint. 
The circular will tie gladly mailed to all 
Rural readers who apply as above. 
Thoroughbred Stock bred at the Half¬ 
way Brook Poultry Yards and Kennels; cata¬ 
logue from Coffin, Zimmer & Co., Glens Falls, 
N. Y.—This reliable firm will need no intro¬ 
duction to our readers. We saw specimens of 
their stock at the iate poultiy show, and feel 
confident they are exercising the utmost skill 
and care in breeding. In the present cata¬ 
logue Partridge Cochins, Wyandottes, Lang- 
shans, Plymouth Rocks, four varieties of Ban¬ 
tams, as well as geese and ducks, are briefly 
described. The special merits of each breed 
are given. Partridge Cochins are 
considered best for small inclosures. 
The birds are quiet and thrive well 
when confined. Wyandottes contain 
more good qualities than any other 
breed. Any person desiring a fowl 
of auy kind would be more than 
pleased with Wyandottes. Langshans 
are considered hardy t and the best 
layers of any of the large breeds. 
Plymouth Rocks are hard to beat as 
general-purpose fowls. Specimens of 
six breeds of dogs and some excellent 
Jersey cattle are also offered for sale. 
Napknoll Poultry-yard Co., 
Goshen, Orange Co., N. Y.—Illustra¬ 
ted catalogue and price-list of the 
Patent “Excelsior” and “Acme’Toul- 
try Coops with brooders and runs. 
The coops are illustrated and fully 
described. They are portable, made 
of the best material, are tastily paint¬ 
ed, and may be carried from place 
to place. The brooders are also 
portable so that, when removed, the 
coop remains in order for separate 
use. These brooders can not be ex¬ 
plained in a notice of this kind. 
Mr. Henry Hales, one of our most conscien¬ 
tious poultry authorities, says that the 
chicks and mother can be kept very warm 
and dry in cold or wet weather, and be cool 
and safely protected iu warm weather. The 
coops, he says, are proof against minks, rats 
aud vermin, and yet well ventilated. 
Northrup, Braslan, & Co., Minneapo¬ 
lis, Minn.—A large, well arranged illustrated 
catalogue of seeds, etc. Particular atten¬ 
tion is called to the uew oat “Dakota Chief¬ 
tain” which the firm has been testing for sev¬ 
eral seasons. It is claimed to be earlier than 
any other; to be enormously productive and 
to be very heavy'. It is at present sold only- 
in small packages by the pint or quart at a 
high price. The catalogue offers the Saskatch¬ 
ewan Fife (Spring) Wheat. Mnnshury Barley, 
Angel of Midnight field corn, and Dakota 
Dent Corn, a selection of Pride of the North 
and grown iu Dakota, It must therefore be 
early. The catalogue is a good one, and the 
firm enterprising and trustworthy. 
Champion Steel Walking Cultivator, 
manufacured by Heneh & Dromgold. York, 
Pa.— The implement is described as “the 
Pride of the East, the King of the West, and 
Monarch of All.” The new automatic spring 
pressure and hoisting device is said to work 
admirably'. The spring hoe attachment is 
well known by those who have used the riding 
cultivators manufactured by this firm. This 
attachment is invaluable in working stumpy 
or rocky land. Those of onr friends who are 
desirous of finding the best cultivator will 
do well to send for the pamphlet. 
Havens’ Climax Condition Powder.— 
Pamphlet from Wm, Rust & Sons, New 
Brunswick. N. J. This powder is said by 
those who have used it, to give good results. 
The pamphlet is tilled with testimonials from 
reliable men, One of our friends has given 
the medicine to turkeys with excellent success. 
Success! 1. X. L.—Circular from L. C. 
Staluaker, York, Pa., describing his planter 
