gape more frequently and finally droop and 
die. 
Various methods of treatment are in vogue, 
all of which are more or less successful, but 
none entirely so. Turpentine or strong cam¬ 
phor placed upon the outside of the throat, to 
be inhaled, is relied upon by many, and is 
very successful. A few drops of either may 
also be placed in the food. Another method 
is to place the chicks in a covered box, in the 
bottom of which is a layer of air-slaked 
quick-lime. The box is shaken to “raise a 
dust,” which the chicks are forced to inhale 
for one or two minutes—not longer. Either 
method should be repeated on any of the birds 
showing the first indication of gaping. The 
worms may be partially or entirely removed 
with a small twisted loop of horse hair or with 
a hen’s feather stripped of its plumes except 
near the tip. The mouth beiug well opened 
by an assistant, the loop or feather is to be 
carefully introduced into the opening seen in 
the middle of the back part, of the tongue, and 
pushed gently down the windpipe to its lower 
end, a distance of two or three inches; then 
twist it around several times as it is gradually 
withdrawn. If successful, one or more of the 
red worms will be removed. The operation 
may be repeated two or three times, and again 
at intervals whenever necessary. The chicks 
must be handled very carefully or the treat¬ 
ment will lie worse than the disease. If the 
loop or feather is dipped in camphor, turpen¬ 
tine, salt or tobacco solution the worms not 
removed may be killed and later coughed up 
by the chicks. [Turpentine has succeeded 
with us.— Eds.] 
To prevent the spread of the disease, burn all 
of the worms found aud also the dead ani¬ 
mals, or at least their respiratory organs. 
Move the young birds to new quarters aud 
saturate the ground of the old quarters with a 
strong solution of salt, coal oil, kerosene or 
turpentine. In generally infected localities it 
may be necessary to keep the young fowls in¬ 
doors or on a concrete floor or platform out¬ 
side. This is an effectual preventive on the 
worst infected places, if care is taken that no 
infected food or water is supplied. Pure rain 
or spring water should be used, otherwise the 
water should be boiled. Small, infected yards 
may be made safe by soaking the ground with 
one of the above solutions. 
ROUP OR CROOP. 
The usual causes of roup are cold, dampness, 
wet, and exposure. Although apparently con¬ 
tagious, the outbreak aud spreading of the 
disease are probably due primarily to the sur¬ 
roundings instead of being transmitted from 
fowl to fowl as in the cholera. 
The symptoms are, loss of appetite,dullness, 
ruffled feathers; the breathing becomes rapid 
accompanied by a wheezing or crowing sound. 
There Is a discharge from the nose and mouth, 
at first thiu and later thick aud feetid. The 
head and eyes frequently become swollen. 
Yellowish-white fibers aud raw sores appear 
upon the tongue or iu the mouth and throat. 
The nostrils are frequently swollen shut so 
that the animal is obliged to breathe through 
the mouth. Red swellings aud false mem¬ 
branes also frequently appear on the face, 
about the eyes aud on the combs and wattles. 
Diarrhoea usually sets in later. 
In the treatment ol' this disease a change of 
food is usually desirable. Fee*l green or cook¬ 
ed food—vegetables and puddings of rice, oat 
or com meal. Til© false membranes may be 
removed with the forceps and the swellings 
aud 1 aw sores bathed with a solution of nitrate 
of silver—15 to 'JO grains in a wine glass of 
water. Dissolve a dram of chlorate of potash 
in each pint of the drinking water. If the 
head is much swollen, bathing two or three 
times daily with water acidulated with vine- 
gar or borucic acid will afford relief. If there 
is diarrhoea give a grain of sulphate of copper, 
a teaspoonful of quiuiu wine or brandy twice 
or three times daily. A little Cayenne pepper 
may be advantageously mixed with the food. 
Provide the sick fowls with a comfortable, 
dry, warm, sunny place. 
LOUSINESS. 
Lousiness is very largely due to want of 
care,and filthy surroundings. Iu ol der to keep 
clear of the lice, the hennery and yards 
should be freely white-washed at least once in 
three or four months. At all seasons of the 
year, but especially in Winter, the fowls 
should have free access to a large, shallow bin 
or box in a light, dry place, preferably where 
it. will be in the sunshine, in which should be 
three to six inches of u mixture of dry road- 
dust aud wood ashes or air-slaked lime. When¬ 
ever it becomes damp it should be replaced, 
but this will rarely be necessary if placed a 
few inches above the ground and the hennery 
is covered with a tight roof. Further treat¬ 
ment should rarely be necessary; but iu ex¬ 
treme cases the fowls may bo sprinkled with 
wood-ashes,snuff, flowers of sulphur, or Persian 
insect powder, or rubbed with sulphur oint¬ 
ment— flowers of sulphur one part, lard or oil 
304 
four parts—or whale oil. Water saturated 
with coal oil or kerosene is also an effective 
wash for lice on any of the domestic animals. 
For very young fowls, any pure oil or lard to 
which may be added a little sulphur, may be 
applied on any warm day. Sitting hens 
should always be examined aud treated wheu 
necessary a few days before hatching. The 
nests should he sprinkled with ashes, sulphur, 
fine tobacco or snuff. 
LEO WEAKNESS: LOSS OF FEATHERS. 
Both conditions are not uncommon and are 
due to want of proper care, insufficient, in¬ 
ferior food, unhealthy surroundings and old 
age, or more rarely to too high feeding in 
close quarters. Beiug due almost or entirely 
to faults in management, the proper course of 
treatment suggests itself. Correct the faulty 
conditions, and thus remove the cause. Feed 
the animals moderately good, wholesome food, 
with an occasional change. See that they 
buve light, dry, airy quarters, such as you 
would provide for the horses or cattle 
Usually no medicinal treatment is needed. 
DIARRH(EA AND COSTIVENESS 
are symptoms of disease rather than dis¬ 
eases of themselves. They also frequently oc¬ 
cur from improper diet, cold, wet, or otherwise 
unhealthy conditions. Their treatment for 
the most part consists in seeking for and re¬ 
moving the causes. Iu most cases this is all 
that will be necessary. Iu severe cases of 
diarrhoea, wet the food with lime water, and 
give a teaspoonful of quinia wine or brandy 
intliemoruing to each fowl until relieved. If 
this does not succeed, take one dram each of 
prepared chalk and powdered rhubarb, and 
one-fourth dram Cayenne pepper; mix with 
the food for twelve or fifteen fowls. It must be 
remembered the faeces of fowls are uormallv 
very moist, aud that it takes but a very slight 
change to cause apparently a severe diarrhoea. 
A looseness for a few days in a fowl otherwise 
healthy, does not call for medicinal treatment. 
It is only where it is very fluid and continues for 
some time that such interference is demanded 
except iu particular diseases, aud even then it 
is best to cheek the diarrhoea gradually by im¬ 
proved diet and care when possible. Costive¬ 
ness may be treated by mixing with the food 
a little castor or iiuseed oil, and feeding green 
food or vegetables. 
ANTHRAX, BIRD-POX, TUBERCULOSIS. 
Are all contagious diseases due to specific 
disease genus. Fortunately they are not com¬ 
mon in this country, although occasional out¬ 
breaks occur. Treatment is never desirablo. 
The diseased animals should be destroyed aud 
the disease “stamped out” by thorough disin¬ 
fection. 
INJURIES. 
Fowls frequently sustain severe injuries, but 
their wounds heal very readily aud rapidly 
with simple treatment if the animal can be 
kept quiet in a comfortable place. 
In general, with proper management, except 
where contagious diseases are introduced 
among the fowls of the farm, little or no 
medicinal treatment should be required. What 
then constitutes proper management? In the 
first place we may mention cleanliness. 
Wherever you find cleanliness you will usually 
find care. Filth is an indication of the want 
of care,and always breedsdisease. By “clean” 
we not only mean free from dirt in the ordin¬ 
ary sense, but also free from foul odors; iu 
other words, wholesome. This condition is 
easiest secured about the hennery and yards by 
the free use of the white-wash. Next, the fowls 
should have warm, light, dry, airy houses, 
preferably with a southern exposure. Too 
many farmers appear to think that any place 
from a close, damp, foul cellar to a 4x0 hen¬ 
nery, so-called, or the shade trees about the 
buildings, is quite good enough for the poultry. 
Iu fact, they seem to think the poultry not 
worth their attention. Certainly in too many 
cases they receive none. 
The feed should be wholesome, regular, and 
frequently varied to give the best results. 
The drinking water should lie pure and fresh 
daily. 
When any disease appears among the poultry 
it should receive prompt attention. Unfortun¬ 
ately the symptoms of disease's in poultry are so 
general and nearly alike in many cases that it 
requires considerable experience to readily 
distinguish the particular disease at the out¬ 
set. But it is always safe to immediately re¬ 
move any sick animals from the flock aud con¬ 
fine and watch them closely. Wheu several 
animals die in succession, something is wrong 
aud the farmer should carefully look after the 
feed aud management. 
If properly managed aud cared for, the 
poultry of the farm will bring better returns 
for the capital and labor invested than any of 
the other farm stock. 
Bureau of Animal Industry, U. S. Dep’t of 
Agriculture, Washington, I). C. 
(Continued on page 302.) 
£amt §?(iuttn). 
m u '« i 111 t< i vi iv- I', «r. a i via 
:litj development jyj- w y -, A S 
; different - tutos of ' A ' 
It worth iheeiitt 
NEW POULTRY BOOK * 
lit YfflRS* RYPPmi'Vn? 1,1 Artificial PouUr.v-Kal.init. This 
III I L iII‘1 ElAI EiHiIIjIIIju book will be found worth many times 
It" cost to every one who keeps a flock of liens. Old poultry raisers 
pronounce it the moot remarkable contribution to poultry lit¬ 
erature ever issued. The author.Mr. James Rankin, is undoubtedly 
the best prartloal :tu 1 hority on the subject. Kiir the pmt :tt) year, 
he has been engaged in irrowlnic thoniaodi of chick» ami dticlu 
yearly. In 11 j i - hook lie gives his net no I rxperienre, hot advises not¬ 
ing hut .omul theory, confirmed by ncttini experiment. 
A PEW OP ITS VALFABLE PE ATT K ENi f’.urly Experi¬ 
ence With 1 nonbutor.. Tin* l.oeillioiitManafeinentiind cure 
of Incubator.. Hniv to distinguish between fertile and infertile eggs, 
with lliu.tr!.tiou. never before mode showing the 
of the chirk. ;uid the uppeurat.ee of the etfir -ut d 
development. The chapters on these subjects art- each _. 
of the whole. How to Hake nntl Vic Brooder, i. Fnliy Treated. 
mmm i)F [Mil I,TRY Partiuular attention D givini to describing thee dloea.c, so that the 
iflUh.ldnh o! l vimtlli novice can prevent them. 
RHS1YU K1RI.Y RUCKS FOR IM1RKKT 19 “ ch . , l pt ^ 1 r tbot wil1 excite intense interest. This 
1 I'-* 1 * 1 ' 1 ’ v* 1 ' t'"' 1 IliiUlRul exceedingly profitable brunch of Poultry raising is 
but little known. Ihedttek* are easier to raise ilom chick., not oiip per cent of fertile eggs 
failing to hatch, and the ducklings being very luirdy. The cost of raising is oidr nr. rent, per head', 
leaving u net profit of 7.1 c-t*. to * 1.7.1 liD/lLUT i\V <i\ IDIlIT and tell, how he does it. How 
apiece. Mr. Rankin makes an average I IWM II HI -Jil.lIlL' L to make an incubator for J25 
and brooders for N> that win do the work of *;tnti machines is told for the first time by the man who has 
done it. successfully for several years. All fully illustrated. 
WHIT THU PR II, TRY HUY NIY* u ‘7 tJl, ‘ ,no,,t of any work I have ever seen on the 
II11.11 MIL Ini LIU! JIL.1 vital, poultry business.— (tea S. Hosie, Franklin, Mass 
It is the best thing out and if its suggestions nr.- faithfully mid practically carried out will uot fail 
to Insure "ices*. -II. J. Rnthlinrn, Rockville, Cr. 
It is the most practical common sense Poultry Book I have ever seen and should be in the hands 
of every poultry tmiti ur farmers whether they intend to ns- an incubator or not. The chapter on 
resting the Eggs and Development of the chicks are worth many times the cost of the book^ 
r. A. Hunaford. Chicopee, Mass. 
Price Postpaid, Only 25 Cents. Postage Stamps Taken. 5 Copies SI. 
♦ition this Paper. THE PHELPS PUBLISHING CO., Publishers, Springfield, Mass. 
BLYTHECOTE FARM POULTRY YARDS. 
INTELLIGENT BREEDING PAYS! BLYTHECOTE STRAIN OF WYANDOTTES. 
Annual improvement sought by careful matings selected front the liest. One setting of choice Eggs will pro¬ 
duce more Mist-class birds than ten settings from inferior stock. A limited number for sale from the above yards 
this Season. Price, $3 per Setting of 13; Two Settings, $5; Five Settings, $10. 
Address J. I>. TOMPKINS, Brninard, N. T. 
POULTRY-CHOLERA AND GAPES 
CURED EVERY TDIE BY USING 
HAVENS’ CLIMAX CONDITION POWDER. 
Five Years in L T se and No Failures. 
“ It never fails to cure Poultry-Cholera and Gapes.”—Acct. Gisther, Harlingen, N J. 
“ I know it will cure Gapes. 1 never lost a single chick after I began to use It."—J. Wesley Stillwell. Free¬ 
hold, N. .T. 
‘‘These men are reliable.”—W. S. Strong, Mayor. New Brunswick, N. J. rCitv Seal.] 
"One of our friends lias given it to turkeys wlrh excellent success."— Ed. Rural New-Yorker, April 3,1S86 
U ounce packages. 25c. of Dealers; by Mail, Hk'. "Our Successful Farmers," a pamphlet, free by mail. 
Wm. Rust & Sons, P. O. Box 1201, New Brunswick. X. J. 
Agents wanted. Ask your dealer, and show him this advertisement. 
MAPLE LAWN POULTRY YARDS AND KENNELLS. 
Breeders of Wyandottes. P. Rocks. White and Brown Leghorns and Pekin Ducks. No more stock un il Sept 
Eggs for hatching until July 1st. Agent for Poultry Culture by I. K. Fetch. 
Imp. Scotch Collie Dogs bred direct from Tam. O’Shauter ami Imp. Goffa. Send for circular. 
„ , WESLEY B. BARTON, Pimfiled, Mass. 
P. S.- -1 flue Collie pups for Sale. References.—I. D. Ferry, eashier Agricultural Bank, Pittsfield, Mass. 
MILL BROOK 
AND 
K. ENNELS! 
40 breeding pons of selected Wyandottes. Langshans. W. ami Br. Leghorns. P. Rocks, Lt. Brahmas, R C W 
Leghorns, B. B. R. Games, Pekin Ducks. Eggs. $3 for 13, $5 for 26, $T for 39. Duck eggs, $2 for 11, $3 for 22. Niue 
hens and one male to each pen. Iounrant re a pood hateh. Try me. 
Champion if Bernard Dogs, Champion Scorch Collie Dogs. 1 oung stock for sale at reasonable prices. Cham 
pion moot* •' -Ht erone," in the stud. Send for Catalogue. 
WM. MONTGOMERY, Jr., Bergenlield, Bergen County, N. J. 
Half-Way Brook Kennels and Poultry Yards. 
LOCK BOX 450, GLENS FALLS, X. Y. 
OUR SPECIALTIES.—St. Bernards. Eug. Mastiffs and Eng. Beagle Hounds. Imported Dogs in the Stud Fees 
reasonable. Can furnish dogs of any of the popular breeds, at low figures, for quality of stock. 
IN POULTRY.—We breed the best and most popular varieties of land and water fowls. Stock for sale at 
all times. Eggs iu thelrseason. Send stamp for circular. COFFIN. ZIMMER & CO. 
PRESTON’S WYANDOTTES! 
15 GRAND BREEDING PENS FOR 18Sii. 
EGGS from Two Pens of First Premium Slock, headed by “Earl and Trustou,” at $5.00 per 13; $10.00 per 39. Eggs 
from 13 other pens of good breeding birds, carefully selected, and mated for best possible results, at $3.00 per 13. 
$5.00 per 26. Eggs from one pen each of fine Langshans, Light Brahmas, Plymouth Rocks and R. aud S. C. Brown 
Leghorns at *2.00 per is. 
Elegant Wyandotte Chrotnos at 10 cents each. Large circulars with illustrations FREE to all. 
GEO, A. PRESTON, Binghamton, N. i>. l. & w. r. r. Ticket Agent. 
ESTA BUSHED 1S?7. 
MIL-BROOK POULTRY YARDS 
Ot BERGEN COUNTY, X. J. 
Our stock is the finest that can be selected ns regards Standard Breeding. We spare no expense in getting our 
selections, which proves our success in giving you such fine birds. Tillsyear, isso. we will breed Wvandotts, Light 
Brahmas, White and Brown Leghorns, uml Plymouth Rocks. We will furnish eggs ar *2.00 per thirteen. *3.00 per 
twenty-six, delivered in New York city free. Fine birds for sale nt all times. I HA VI LAND A BAKER, 
Scotch Collie Pups from Imported 1-nssie of WyekotT A, K. R. 2948, for sale. . Wyekofl', N. J. 
FABIUB, 1ST. Y. (Box 74 ) 
BREEDERS OF THE LEADING STRAINS OF 
Highest honors at all the leading exhibitions, wlnulug the Grand Special Prize for the Best Breeding Pen 
and Pair of any variety at the late New York Show. Send stamp for our new Catalogue. 
CAPON INSTRUMEN 
With full printed instructions. Price per set, post paid, $4.00. 
Send for circular. Slade by 
115 SOUTH TENTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, 
WiaMORE’S PATENT 
FMERS’ CAFONIZINCt SET. 
Enabliug every Farmer and Poulterer to do his own 
eamponUing. A fowl improves by this operation, as 
follows: It grows rapidly and again as targe, the meat 
becomes finer and free from strong taste, and costs no 
more to feed, aud o*' to 100 per cent more is made on 
oauiponized fowl. No farmer who raises chickens can 
atford to be without my set. A set of the abov e, with 
full instructions, hi a ilue case, sent to any address by 
mall, on receipt of price; $3.00. 
Wm. H. Wigmore, 
lO'LSO. EIGHTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
