THE AURAL NEW-YORKER. 
344 
GUERNSEY BULL, CLIMAX. 
At Fig. 328 is the likeness of Guernsey bull 
Climax, re-engraverl from the London Live 
Stock Journal. He is the property of the Ex¬ 
press Dairy Company Limited, of Finchley, 
England, and was dropped at Sergeutie, in 
the island of Guernsey, on June 16, 1882. His 
sire was Preston, a very celebrated bull of the 
island, whose progeny has probably won more 
prizes than that of any other bull of the breed, 
and for whom the highest price up to that 
time paid for a Guernsey bull was given by a 
Canadian, who imported him a few years ago 
into the Dominion. Indeed for three genera¬ 
tions Climax’s ancestors, on the sire’s side, 
have been winners of first prizes on the island 
of Guernsey, and he himself won first prize at 
the Royal Guernsey Agricultural Society’s 
shows in 1883 and 1884, before bis importa¬ 
tion into England, and, Inter, at the Bath and 
West of England Society’s Show at Maidstone, 
he also took first prize, and was purchased for 
the Company for the highest price ever yet 
paid for a hull of the breed. Iu color he is a 
bright orange-fawn and " lute, and is remark¬ 
able for style and quality. His level back, great 
depth, vigorous constitution, and perfect head, 
tail and limbs make him an excellent specimen 
of the best bulls of the breed. 
SHORT HORNS. 
Preeminence of beef for profit; value of 
pedigree; rival beef breeds; Short-horns for 
milk; the Short-horn the 
celleuce for beef, makes the Short-horn the 
bast of all as a general-purpose cow, to any 
farmer who has learned that the best farm 
economy demands the most generous feeding. 
Even the highest aud most popular strains 
of Short-horns rank very high iu this respect. 
When starting my herd, I paid a large sum 
for a calf from a pure Duke sire and from a 
Young Mary cow with some gilt-edged top- 
crosses. People laughed and asked where I 
was going to build my hot-houso to keep her 
in, and how many scrubs I would need to 
bring up her calves. That cow is now five 
years old, and has been our family cow for 
nearly a year. Though wo had for years be¬ 
fore some excellent high-grade Short-horns for 
milk, and for the past three years a very fiue 
specimen of the Judge’s Jersey: yet. wife and 
I both think that, when we consider both ex¬ 
cellence and quantity, we never had so good a 
family cow as our present Duchess. I have 
contended for years that the Jersey is the 
ideal family cow. I now revise my opinion, 
aud say that, for him who will bestow good 
cure, the Short-horn is the best family cow. A 
milk yield of 2,000 pounds at two years old, 
and 10 quarts a day after giving milk eight 
montlis, and when due to calve again soon, 
strikes me as pretty satisfactory. 
Second: I keep my farm and cattle partly 
for pleasure, and I wish that pleasure to be at 
its full as I look upon my herds of cattle and 
sheep. What can better till the eyes than a 
herd of uniform, large, sleek, magnificent 
Short-horns. I acknowledge the Herefords to 
be their equal in this respect, probably a little 
their superior, as it is difficult to get such 
beautiful uniformity in any herd of Short- 
years ago as I commenced with Short-horns, 
and each year has added new emphasis to 
each point in the argument. short-horn. 
Jargon cm. 
HINTS TO HORSE-OWNERS. 
Last week and the week before Professor 
O. R. Gleason gave daily exhibitions of the 
management of vicious horses in a large hall 
in this city, in presence of large audiences of 
people interested in the noblest of our domestic 
animals—the horse. The Professor’s perform¬ 
ances in controlling and subduing the most 
vicious brutes aud in quieting the most ner¬ 
vous and skitish animals, exceeded anything 
in that line we have seen since witnessing the 
feats of Rarey over a quarter of a century 
ago in England. During the performances he 
droppeda multitude of hints on equine matters, 
aud some of these are briefly .jotted down here, 
as likely to be useful to our readers. 
Never buy a horse having long ears with 
long, straight hairs inside them, narrow be¬ 
hind the ears aud between the eyes, with flat, 
round eyes i n sunken orbits, and whose nos¬ 
trils are small and thick; for he will certainly 
turn out stupid, hard to teach and incapable 
of remembering, and like stupid people, very 
likely be very obstinate. Let your choice have 
short ears, with short, curly hair inside them; 
one that is broad between the ears and eyes, 
with a regular, straight face, and large, thin 
nostrils; for he will be an intelligent, spirited 
and willing servant and a faithful friend, if 
rightly treated. 
on the road may, for aught we know, appear 
to a nervous horse a yawning chasm; the open 
front of a baby carriage may seem the yawn¬ 
ing jaws of a dragon, and a man on a bicycle 
a flying, wingless monster. But when a shy¬ 
ing horse becomes familiar with such things 
he grows indifferent to them. Therefore when 
a horse shies at anything, let him smell it. 
touch it with liis sensitive upper lip and look 
closely at it. Both sides of him must be fa¬ 
miliarized with the dreaded object; for if he 
examines it only with the near eye and nos¬ 
tril he will be likely to scare at it when it 
appears at his off-side. Rattle the paper, 
therefore, beat the drum, flutter the umbrella, 
run the baby carriage, clatter th<j tin-ware, 
etc., all around him. and he will soon regard 
the noise only a nuisance, and the objects 
as of no importance. A horse with buck-eyes 
which render him short-sighted, is more liable 
than others to this failing. Nothing has so 
great a tendency to keep up the habit as chas¬ 
tising the horse after he has passed the object 
of his alarm. If he cannot examine it, the 
best plan is to get him in some way to pass the 
object, using as little violence as possible, and 
always speaking in an encouraging tone. 
A horse or cow can lie easily prevented from 
jumping fences thus: Put a strap, with a ring 
on it, around the near fore leg above the knee, 
and a surcingle or belt, with a ring, around the 
body. Then by a short strap, or piece of cord, 
attach the two rings so as to make a hamiless 
but perfectly effective hobble. To cure halter- 
pulling in the stall, put a slip-noosed ro|>e 
around the body, lead the end of it between 
the animal’s fore legs, up through the halter 
and make it fast to the manger. Then from 
the loft throw down a lot 
of clattering tins into the 
manger. "When the horse 
jumps back the rope will 
>r:v:,g.h of four or five 
CKSb Mm ? meI b but he doesn't know 
V» him on his knees, keep him 
£k•' • (fir rrom risin s and hold 
I bead firmly toward the 
•* ' V ' near shoulder, and he must 
*** ^ down, l* him 
' wf. , X T, , ? fW'1 yf/'M »• wrestle and try his strength 
for a while, and he will be 
28. (Re-engraved from the London Live S.oek Journal.) the Iuore “"pressed with 
your mastery and the fact 
that you have overcome 
him fairly. When you have let him up, pet 
him, speak kindly to him; make him feel you 
are his friend as well as his master, and have 
no intention of harming him. If lie refuses to 
get up after being thrown, blow in his ear, 
and if he doesn't then jump up, blow a mouth¬ 
ful of water iu his ear. The Professor made a 
good deal of use of ••throwing” to subdue vis- 
cious horses. 
Balking seems inherent in some obstinate 
brutes, and is the hardest of all equine vices 
to cure. Very often a balky horse, when iu 
double team, can be started readily by putting 
a slip-noosed rope around his loins and mak¬ 
ing it fast to the collar of the true horse. Gen¬ 
erally the presure will start him. Sometimes 
a very effective treatment is to stand before 
him and lash his fore legs sharply with a black- 
snake whip, not angrily or very severely, but 
persistently, patiently, for an hour if neces¬ 
sary, though 15 minutes is generally enough, 
until he concludes there is uo comfort iu stick¬ 
ing. Iu extreme eases it is well to put a slip- 
noosed rope about his neck, hitch a team to it 
amt start them. When he finds his head Is 
going, he will be sure to hasten after it. and 
often such treatment will give him a horror 
of balking ever afterwards. If you can’t cure 
or get rid of a balking horse in a team, it 
would be better to kill him. for his examnle 
best family cow; beauty of 
a Short-horn herd; generous 
feed. 
When commencing to form 
a herd of cattle a few years ago, 
I looked the whole ground 
carefully over without prej¬ 
udice, and with all the breeds 
before me, I chose Short-horns: 
and for the following reasons 
First, we wish our cattle to 
serve as agents for the trans¬ 
formation of feed—grass, hay 
aud grain—into beef and milk 
at the least cost, and at the 
greatest profit, 1 put beef first, 
as that always finds awaiting 
market under any condition of 
season or place, with the least 
care and labor. Tims, while 
the milk aud butter interest 
should not by any means be 
Ignored, as a most valuable 
adjunct iu securing money 
from the food products or the 
farm, I do think it may well 
rank second to beef, and yet 
but little below it. 
But to secure animals that 
will make beef at the least 
expense, we must choose those 
which have long been bred 
with this end iu view, Pedi¬ 
gree is very valuable in our 
stock, ns it is a guarantee of 
this careful breeding. Most 
of our farmers do uot appreciate this slowly ac¬ 
quired excellence that long, careful breed¬ 
ing has won for our improved breeds of cattle. 
It is a sort of sinking-fund, which for years 
was being laid by with great care and expense 
and which we to-day are drawing from with 
such generous results. While the Herefords 
and Aberdeen-Angus are close competitors in 
the beef sense with the Short-horns, I do not 
consider them superior. Just now the Here¬ 
fords are having a boom—a sort of spurt —but 
the Short-horns have had a boom all these 
years. They have stood for years at the front 
on trial under the severest test of criticism, 
and they stand as proud and peerless to-day 
as ever before. A\ hen a breed has reached such 
a state of perfection that one can take almost 
any specimen steer and make 2,tXX) pounds of 
the most choice beef at three years old, surely 
we need not fear either White-face or No-horns. 
Surely uo breed lias been bred up to a stand¬ 
ard where, under good, generous care and 
feeding—and he who does not wish to give 
those ought uot to secure Short-horns—its 
representatives will show larger returns than 
our Short-horns. 
But, as l said before, there is another string 
to this bow. We must have some milk, aud 
the more and richer the milk, providing we 
also get the beef, the greater the profits. Now, 
here the Short-horn leaves both Hereford and 
polled breeds away in the rear. Careful tests 
ot the different breeds at the Michigan Agri¬ 
cultural College showed the Short horns cquql 
to the Ayrshire* in quantity, and flint of ail 
breeds where both quantity and quality were 
considered. This fact, coupled with her ex- 
GUERNSEY BULL, CLIMAX, 14 E. G. II. B. Fi 
horns. The polled cattle are ugly in appear¬ 
ance; the Hollands lank anil ill-proportioned 
to an eye educated among Short-horns, and 
the Jerseys even more so. A young Jersey 
is a thing of real beauty: a herd of old cows 
iu full milk—I have seen the Judge’s—are not 
what just fills my idea of perfect grace as to 
form. 
Third: I think there is nothing more satis¬ 
factory-to tin- lover of cattle, etc., than the 
act of full, generous feeding. I enjoy nothing 
more than the dealing out of full,ample rations 
to my stock. With Short-horns this is just 
what pays; so interest and pleasure walk hand 
in hand. Short-horns have been bred to this 
high feeding. It is not only safe but indispetisa- 
ble to the best results. At the recent meeting 
of the Michigan Short-horn breeders, every 
prominent breeder present urged the opinion 
that Short-horns should always be in show con¬ 
dition to give the best results. Thrift and 
vigor iu high condition have been bred in the 
bone, and are the chief characteristics of the 
breed. We cannot feed so liberally with most 
of tiie other breeds. They have not been used 
to it, and would become enfeebled, and out of 
health under such treatment. While pur¬ 
chasing a car-load of Jerseys of a lending 
Jersey man in Central New York a few years 
since, he said to me, over and over, “ Now 
don’t go to feeding too heavily; that is the 
great danger iu keeping Jerseys.” With 
Short-horns I would say, “Feed heavily; that 
is the secret of success,” Aud, besides the sat- 
isfaetion, the more we feed the more capital 
we employ, and so the more profits we can se¬ 
cure, This was the way I reasoned some 
In training a colt, be at once kind and firm. 
Make him fear you first, theu love you. When 
you caress him, don’t pat his mane, for he 
doesn’t like that. Fat his neck where free 
from the mane, the point of his shoulder and 
breast. You can’t make too much of a pet of 
him. Never let him see you are afraid of him. 
In approaching him, don’tsay timidly, "Whoa! 
Whoa!” but go straight up to his head. 
When you give him an order, do so in a com¬ 
manding voice, and always order the same 
tiling iu exactly the same words, and impress 
it upon his mind that he must instantly obey. 
Never say ••Whoa!” unless you want him to 
stop at ouee: say "Easy!” or "Slow!” or 
“Steady!” but always use the same word to 
express the same order. Never lose your tem- 
per. [ 
Break your horse of any vices he may have 
contracted by the mismanagement of others 
before you got him; and whenever you begin 
to break a horse, be sure to go through with 
it, or the attempt will do serious harm instead 
of good. As a rule, cord bridles, throwing a 
horse, the double safety rope, and the lifting 
of his hind feet by means of a repo hitched 
pulley-fashion to his tail, will quickly subdue 
a horse, and if repeated several times, will 
break him of almost all his had habits, hut 
different horses require different modes of 
breaking. Never baug a horse on the head or 
shins with a club or loaded whip. 
Finely-bred, intelligent aud nervous horses 
are often easily alarmed, so that they are apt 
to shy, bolt and run away. We cannot tell 
what awful suggestions strange things may 
offer to a horse's mind. A sheet of white paper 
ary effect. Don't kindle a straw fire under 
him—a Western trick—better shoot the brute 
or give or trade him away. 
