THE RURAL 
4S3 
SPECIAL CROP REPORTS. 
(Continued from par/e 451). 
as a Add crop, the seasons are too uncertain; 
wheat is not sown here at present. Very little 
rye was ever sown here; oats, barley and po¬ 
tatoes promise well; but the potato crop will 
depend entirely on the weather; potatoes, 
early planted, now are fit to hoe, and they are 
seldom fit to hoe here before the 10th of July. 
Garden truck, especially potatoes and onions, 
are much further advanced than last year at 
this time. D. 8 . 
Niagara, Ont.—.Although the Spring 
opened unusually early, the opening was im¬ 
mediately followed by a long continuance of 
cold, wet weather, causing a late Spring seed¬ 
ing. Corn promises well: fall wheat a fair 
average: oats, though late sown, are growing 
finely; rye. very little grown; barley looking 
well; potatoes very good; garden vegetables 
doing finely; apples promise a fair crop; 
peaches very light but I think fully up to last 
year’s; pears, plums, cherries and quinces, 
large crops; raspberries, both red and black, 
looking very fine and will he a very large crop; 
currants and gooseberries are likewise good; 
new meadows are good, especially clover; old 
meadows rather light. On the whole, T think 
the grain crops will be fully up to last, year’s, 
and fruit will be considerably more. 
A. s. B. 
Oi.inda, Ontario.—Corn extra good; fall 
wheat, good showing: oats and potatoes 
good; barley, none; garden truck abundant: 
apples large crop ; pears medium: peaches 
very large—first crop in three years; other 
orchard fruits good; grapes large; hay, newly 
sown, extra; old, not so good; tobacco three 
acres to one last year, fair; sorghum medium; 
broom-corn, late. E. c. 
Oshawa Ont.—Wheat, not much sown, on 
account of low prices. Barley, oats and peas 
promise good crops. Corn, potatoes and gar¬ 
den truck looking well. Apples and small 
fruits generally promise fair crops. Hav will 
average light through this part of Canada. 
s. b. o. 
Port Dover. Ontario.—Wheat, barley and 
rye. each about 70; com, oats, potatoes and 
garden truck, 110; apples, pears, sorghum, 
grapes, hops, 100; hay and peas, about 100; 
wheat, 70, w. W. w. 
St. Catharines, Ontario.—Wheat will not 
be quite up to the average, only about three- 
fourths of a crop. Oats, rye and barley will 
l>e full crops. Potatoes will be a good crop. 
Garden truck is scarce and late. Apples and 
pears are showing a large crop of fruit. 
Peaches, a complete failure. Hay, a full crop 
on all light sandy land, but on the clay it will 
not l>e more than three-fourths of a crop. Corn 
will be a short crop. Tobacco is not grown 
around here. 
SUPPLEMENTAL. 
ARKANSAS. 
Helena, Phillips Co.—Corn, 110; wheat, 
none raised; oats, 00: rye, uouo: barley, none; 
potatoes, 100; garden truck, fruits, etc., same 
as last year: hay. So; cotton (staple crop of 
this section), in uplands, UK); low lands sub¬ 
ject to overflow, cotton planted late, but 
good stand: it, will make fully three-fourths of 
a crop. Heavy rains past week, but, all re¬ 
port no harm done so far. Western Missis¬ 
sippi laud subject to overflow. Cotton plant¬ 
ed late; too much rain since Juno 1st; condi¬ 
tion, 50; hay, 100; com, 75. j. b. r. 
CALIFORNIA. 
Santa Anna, Los Angeles Co.—Corn and 
barley full crops; potatoes and garden truck 
good; early poaches source; late peaches good; 
grapes fine; Alfalfa hay not so good as last 
year, but a fair crop; bailey hay a good crop; 
hops, fair prospects. j. r. 
IOWA. 
Pleasanton, Decatur Co.—As compared 
with last year, corn is 100 per cent.; oats, 00; 
potatoes, 00; apples, 125; cherries, 50; grapes, 
100; Timothy, 75. We are having very dry 
weather. Meadows and pastures short; very 
bad for garden truck. Stock doing well; no 
hog cholera. w, e. p. 
KANSAS. 
HOWARD, Elk Co. —Crop prosjiects are bet¬ 
ter than last year. The acreage of corn is lar¬ 
ger thun ever before; early Helds in silk and 
tassel. A big crop can be counted on with 
tolerable certainty. But little small grain 
was sown, ami owing to ravages of the chinch 
ougs the yield will be below the average, es¬ 
pecially with oats: many fields being left un¬ 
cut. Potatoes will lie plenty—at least double 
last year’s crop; garden truck all around lias 
done exceedingly well; apple trees are well 
laden; no peaches. Cherries and plums, and 
all kinds of small fruits have done well; hay 
crop, good. p. N. W. 
KENTUCKY. 
Bowling Green, Warren Co.—Com, 20 
per cent, better; wheat, fit) per cent, and would 
have been better than this except for much 
rain during harvest, and since. Oats, fiO per 
cent, better; rye about the same, as last year, 
but not much raised in this part of Kentucky. 
Potatoes, Irish, fine, full crop and good; sweet 
potatoes are too far from maturity to speak 
of. Tobacco, larger area, better stand of 
plants nud earlier planted, but very foul ; 
could not. be worked for the rain; somewhat 
“frenched” of earliest planting, but with fa¬ 
vorable weather hence will*be a larger crop 
and better,as last year’s was poor in quality. 
Apples, fair crop; no peaches; fire blight in 
pears worse than ever known, almost wholly 
destroying many orchards. w. L .D. 
Claryvtlle. Campbell Co.—Corn looks 
well, acreage small: wheat, about average 
crop, if not injured by present wet weather. 
Rye about the same ns wheat, but acreage 
small; ba rle.y, about an average crop; pota¬ 
toes good, rather above average; apples, a 
large crop in good condition; pears, small 
crop; peaches, none; grapes about the same as 
last year, only in better condition—the best I 
have ever seen. Hay. poor, hardly half a 
crop; tobacco, acreage rather small, owing to 
scarcity of plants; oats, good —better than last 
year. _ a. a. w. 
MISSISSIPPI. 
Jackson, Hinds Co.—Our com crop is 10 
per cent, better. We raise no wheat. Oats 
have been generally good; a full crop has 
been harvested. We raise no rye and barley. 
Potatoes have been good, and gardens gener¬ 
ally are quite good. Apples aud pears did not 
fruit, well, while peaches are unusually good. 
The grape crop will be a good one. Hay has 
been hard to cure, on account of the rains. 
We rais® no tobacco, hops or broom-corn. 
The cotton acreage is larger than last year, 
but the crop prospects not so good R. G. 
NEW YORK. 
Coventry, Chenango Co.—Dairying is the 
chief occupation here; cows are doing extra 
well. Grass on new seeding, fine; but on old 
meadows, poor. Oats and wheat look fine; 
corn and ixitatoes backward; acreage about 
the same as last year. Apples will Ik 1 above 
the average, but. not more than two-thirds of 
last year’s crop. _ F. K. B. 
NORTH CAROLINA. 
Raleigh, Wake Co.—Cotton, com, potatoes 
and garden truck much better than at this 
date last year, with much more favorable 
prospects of full crops. Wheat aud oats now 
harvesting; wheat generally a failure; Spring 
oats good crop; tobacco not as good, prospects 
less favorable. Fruit not os good; outlook 
far less promising. Frequent rains, unusual 
here at this season, have injured peaches and 
grapes, causing rot. Otherwise they have 
been, under prompt culture, rather beneficial. 
b. f. w. 
OREGON. 
Woodhukn, Marion Co.—The general con¬ 
dition of all kinds of grains, grass and fruits, 
is fully up to the average throughout 
Western Oregon. In Southern Oregon the 
fruit crop will be light. In Eastern Oregon 
the grain outlook is fair, though continued 
dry weather may cut grain short, but it is not 
seriously hurt by it. Taking the State as a 
whole, I may safely say wheat, outs, barley, 
rye, corn, grass, and the fruit crops will be a 
good average. _ j. iu s. 
WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
Colfax, Whiteman Co.—There has been no 
rain of any account in the Palouse section for 
months, and serious damage to crops is the re¬ 
sult ' Wheat two-thirds of a crop ; early- 
planted potatoes and garden truck are looking 
well; apples were thinned ont by late frosts; 
strawberries aud other small fruits at least 
two weeks earlier than last year aud yielding 
well. J. m. 
WISCONSIN. 
Plymouth, Sheboygan . Co.—No rain to 
speak of since May 18. Rain might make a 
good corn crop yet, but potatoes, wheat, rye. 
oats ami barley won’t be over oue-fourth of a 
crop; hay half a crop; apples started well, aud 
with plenty of rain bid fair to be a better crop 
than last year. s. E. c. 
WHEAT CROPS OF THE WORLD. 
The wheat crop of the world for 1885-6, har¬ 
vested last year in the Northern Hemisphere 
and early this year in the Southern, is cal¬ 
culated as follows: 
Bushels. 
Europe.l,21S,000,t)QQ 
North America, Including Cun. ami Mox_ 409,000,000 
South America. 25.ooo.ooo 
India. 2b7,ouO,OUO 
Australasia. 37,15X1,1)00 
Asia Minor, Persia, Egypt, Algeria, etc. 134,000,000 
Total 2,110,000,000 
This does not include the four to five million 
bushels of Asiatic Russia, or the unknown 
quantity produced in China, to which 
country a considerable quantity of flour 
is now shipped from San Francisco. 
Of the above production in “North America,” 
the United States yielded 357,000,000 bushels. 
The following table shows, in millions, the 
yield of the various European countries, their 
average consumption, the surplus in some and 
the deficiency in others: 
Crop 1885. 
Sur- 
Defl- 
Countries. 
sump¬ 
tion. 
plus. 
eleney. 
Bushels. Bushels. 
Bush 
els. 
Bush¬ 
els. 
Austria-Hungary... 
154 
144 
10 
— 
Belgium. 
20 
38 
— 
18 
Denmark __ 
5 
S 
2 
— 
France. 
318 
848 
30 
Germany. 
107 
117 
— 
10 
Great. Britain. 
82 
225 
— 
143 
Greece. 
5 
10 
— 
5 
Ita.lv . 
118 
136 
_ 
18 
Netherlands. 
5 
12 
_ 
7 
Portugal.. 
8 
9 
I— 
i 
Roumania. 
23 
13 
5 
— 
Russia. 
209 
144 
65 
— 
Servla. 
5 
3 
2 
0 
Spain. 
114 
114 
— 
_ 
Sweden & Norway.. 
8 
5 
— 
2 
Switzerland. 
2 
11 
_ 
9 
Turkev. 
45 
40 
5 
— 
Total. 
1,218 
1,375 
89 
243 
Deduct surplus. 
.89 
Absolute deflclenev. 
.154 
In Continental Europe the tendency is 
strong to increase the acreage under wheat, 
each country being anxious to be self-support¬ 
ing, and the Continent would require little 
from outside after the surplus of one section 
had been distributed where deficiencies exist 
in others. In several countries wheat is only a 
supplementary food crop, rye being the real 
“staff of life” in the Northern countries, as 
Norway, Sweden, Northern Russia, Denmark 
aud parts of Germany, etc.: ami corn in the 
Southern countries, as Italy, Hungary, Rou- 
mania, etc. The heavy import duties lately 
imposed on foreign cereals, especially wheat, 
by France, Germany. Austria-Hungary and 
several other countries, have greatly stimu¬ 
lated the home production of these commodi¬ 
ties. The duty on wheat in France now is 
three francs per LOO kilograms, equal to about 
lfi cents per bushel, and French agriculturists 
ask a franc more. In view of the cost of rail 
and ocean transportation and other charges, 
these duties are almost prohibitory for Ameri¬ 
can and other foreign grains, so that the sup" 
plying of the deficiency in the English mar¬ 
kets is the great point of competition among 
all countries that produce a surplus of wheat 
in any part of the world. 
From 1874 to 1881 the average yearly pro¬ 
duction of Europe was 1 ,1 44,000,000 bushels,and 
the consumption for food and seed 1,312,000,- 
000 bushels, leaving an annual deficiency of 
168,000,000 bushels. The annual produc 
tion for the last, five years, however, 
from 1881 to 1885, was 1,218,000,000 bush¬ 
els, an increase of 74,000.000 bushels 
over the previous eight years. There has 
been an increase in population, and a pro¬ 
portionate increase iu consumption, that of 
last year being 1,872,000,000 bushels,an increase 
of 60,000,000 bushels over the average for the 
eight years before 1 SSI; vet a part of the for¬ 
mer deficiency is provided for, and there has 
also of late been an increase of 03,000,000 bush¬ 
els in the acreage aud production of North 
Africa. India, South America, Mexico and 
Canada, stimulated greatly by years of Euro¬ 
pean scarcity of home-grown wheat, and con¬ 
sequent brisk demand aud high prices for for¬ 
eign products, aud two-thirds of this has been 
available for export; heuce the foreign mar¬ 
ket for American surplus wheat is steadily 
growing less. 
The rate of consumption of wheat in Europe 
which varies from one bushel n head in Nor¬ 
way to niue bushels in Franco, is about three- 
and-oue-half bushels, with about half a bushel 
more for seed, or nearly four bushels a vear 
per head for every man woman and child, for 
food, seed, manufacturing purposes, stock 
feed, etc. 
The Department of Agriculture has lately 
been making special inquiries with regard to 
foreign wheat production, and it reports that 
on May t the prospects were good for a 
European product equal to that of last year, 
or about, t ,218,1X10,000 bushels, so that there 
would still be a deficiency of 154,(X)0,000 bushels 
to be supplied this year, putting the deficiency 
at the same figure as last year. The averages 
of yield in Austria-Hungary, France, Ger¬ 
many, Great Britain and Ireland aud the Neth¬ 
erlands range from 15 bushels in Austria-Hun¬ 
gary to 2* in Great. Britain, aud the average 
of all for five years is nearly 10 bushels. Rus¬ 
sia has mi area of nearly 81 , 000,000 acres, and 
yields scarcely eight bushels per acre. Other 
countries have tui aggregate of about 20,000,000 
acre's ami produce an average of 11 or 12 bush¬ 
els per acre. The average yield iu the United 
States the present harvest is estimated at 12 
bushels per acre, against lfi bushels per acre 
iu 1384, the year of the heaviest aggregate 
wheat yield. 
The area planted in wheat, aud now 
harvested or growing JisJ3probably very 
nearly as follows; 
Divisions. Acres. 
Europe. 94,000,000 
North America. 40,500.000 
South America. 5,000,000 
In.lla. 20,000,000 
Australia. 3,500,000 
Africa and Western Asia. 13,000,000 
Total... 183,000,000 
The supply of the commercial year 1886-7 
must come from the crops harvested in the 
early months of this year in the Southern 
Hemisphere, and from those already harvested 
or to be harvested in the Northern Hemis¬ 
phere. The crop of India, grown on a largely 
reduced area, is said to have fallen from 
287,000,000 bushels last year to 265,000,000 this. 
Home consumption being estimated at 240,- 
000,000 bushels, the exportable surplus is re¬ 
duced from 47,000,000 to 25,000.000 bushels. 
According to the brightest early reports, the 
Australasian crop does not exceed 22,000,000 
bushels, so that the exportable surplus has fal¬ 
len from 17.000,000 to 2,000,000 bushels. Later 
reports, however, say that instead of a surplus 
there is a deficiency, so that importations of 
wheat will be needed. 
• In South America, however, the surplus for 
export has increased about 5,000,000 bushels, 
so that the entire quantity available for ex¬ 
port in these countries is smaller by at least 
32,000,000 bushels than it was last. year. Re¬ 
ports from Europe yesterday say it. is estimat¬ 
ed that the French wheat crop will be three- 
sixteenths, or 58,000,000 bushels short, and if 
this is Due, France may have to import 90,- 
000.000 bushels this year, against 32,000,000 
bushels last year. In Great Britain there has 
been a reduction of from eight to 10 per cent, 
in the wheat acreage, which would indicate 
a falling off of, say, 8,000,000 bushels in pro¬ 
duction. The latest advices say the wheat 
crop of the United Kingdom will be from 15 
to IS per cent, short, for owing to the cool 
weather a good deal is sure to be caught by 
early frosts before maturity. 
The very latest reports from other European 
countries indicate that crops will not be above 
an average, aud in view of the shortages, 
actual or probable, above mentioned, it Is 
pretty certain that the foreign deficiency this 
year wall be considerably greater than last 
year, while the foreign surplusage will be 
considerably less. 
Last year our aggregate crop amounted 
oulv to 857 , 112,000 bushels, while oar exports 
are estimated at 67,000,000 bushels against an 
average of 1 18,000,000 bushels for the last five 
years. As the demand for food was 271,000,000 
bushels and for seed 51.474,006 bushels, there 
would be left only 24,688.094 bushels for ex¬ 
port out of the whole crop, so that at least 
42,000,000 bushels of the estimated exports 
must have come either wholly from the sur¬ 
plus of the enormous crop of 513.763,900 bush¬ 
els of 1834, or from that and an unusual dim¬ 
inution of the stocks on hand. The aggregate 
crop of this country is estimated at from 425,- 
000,000 bushels— 88,000,01X1 bushels more than 
that of last year—to 465,000,000—108,000,000 
more—we put it at about 435,000,000 bushels, 
about 1 8,000,000 bushels more. The stocks on 
hand after the remarkably short crop of last 
year, must l.»e unusually small; there do not 
seem to be an uncommonly large stocks in 
Europe or on the way there; the shortages 
are likely to be greater than last year; and 
the surpluses are certainly smaller, therefore 
we see no reason why we cannot find a profit¬ 
able foreign market for all the wheat we may 
wish to send abroad, so as not to leave too 
much on hand to compete with the harvest of 
1887. 
THE CORN CROP OF THE AVORLD. 
The following table gives a fair idea of the 
corn acreage and yield of the world, the 
figures for the United States, Canada and 
Mexico being those for last year's crop, and 
those for the other countries the amounts 
given in their last official reports, which are 
made only occasionally: 
Countries. Acres. 
United States. 73,190,150 
Canada..... 200,000 
Mexico .I0.fiou.0no 
Russia. II,301.000 
Roumania. 1.423,000 
Austria Hungary. 5,458,757 
Italy. 4,240,201 
France. 1.523,787 
Spain. 2,300.000 
Portugal. 1,284,060 
Bushels. 
1,936,178,000 
K.OOO.OOO 
2I3.000.000 
70.224.000 
43,000,000 
tt«.K40,3t0 
75.S45.857 
27.689.976 
87.378.388 
20,288,000 
Total. 114,521.913 2.535.04X.156 
Tims it appears that this country produces 
three-fourths of the corn of the world, and for 
the last five years the average yield has been 
1,619,000,900 bushels, of which we have export, 
edonly an average of56,000,000bushels,or three- 
and-one-half per cent. Our principal foreign 
customer is Great Britain, which, in the lest, 
live years has imj>orted 56,tXX),<)00 a year. 
Of this, the United States has furnished 
direct, 36,000,000, besides some that has gone 
through Canadian ports. Roumania, Turkev 
aud Russia supplied the rest. Except here aud 
iu Mexico, corn is a minor product. There are 
also some areas of corn m South America. 
Northern Germany, Algeria, Egypt, .lustra 
lia and the Cape of Good Hope. The total 
present area under corn iu the world is 
approximately, 120,000,000| acres, [aud the 
annual product 2,600,000,000 bushels, or about 
22 bushels per acre. 
