Digestion and assimilation in the young are 
more active than in older animals. Hence it 
is fair to suppose that the young steer will get 
more good from a given amount of food than 
those that are somewhat aged, unless they 
happen to hare escaped all disturbances of 
digestion, and not every animal escapes these. 
We cannot get the size necessary for turning 
off at a young age except we breed for it, and 
nothing less than breeding from animals pos¬ 
sessing a good deal of merit—pronounced merit 
on one side at least—will give us the required 
material for feeding up as long yearlings. It 
is not only that we require good breeding to 
give size, but in no less degree to spread the 
hips and rump, spring the long ribs well out 
at the upper setting on, sending them well 
down, forming the basis for a straight lower 
line ; then upon this frame formation placing 
a thick packing of that peculiarly well-mar- 
bled flesh that never fails to bring the top 
price of the market. “western'.” 
an attack at any time. The insect has been 
described by many of our entomologists. In 
the report of the Commissioner of Agriculture 
for 1883, the government entomologist gives a 
very full, illustrated article, which all practi¬ 
cally interested would do well to procure and 
read. See page 578. 
The small yellow beetle striped with black 
lays its yellow eggs m groups of from five to 
twenty on the underside of the leaves, lu 
a Week those hatch, when the grubs which are 
yellow and black, the yellow increasing with 
age, commence to feed upon the leaves, which 
they soon skeletonize, as they do not eat the 
veins. They feed for two weeks during which 
time they molt, or shed their skins, four times. 
After the lapse of the two weeks, the full- 
grown grub passes to the ground, and pupates 
under some kindly sheltering board or clod. 
It comes forth from the bright-colored pupa 
state in about one week. Like the Colorado 
Beetle the imago, or mature beetle, also feeds 
upon the leaves, but eats much less thau does 
the grub from which it came. We see from 
the above that it requires but four weeks for 
these insects to mature. This gives chance for 
three broods a season. Tims where these in¬ 
sects are very common they keep the trees 
stripp'd of their leaves, and unless checked in 
their work will soou destroy the trees. 
In the illustration, Fig 847, p. 578, the leaves 
are shown as oaten by the beetle. The eggs are 
deposited in an upright position upon the un¬ 
der side of the leaves as at a. A group of 
these eggs is shown at c, magnified. The per¬ 
fect beetle is shown at c, magnified at k. 
The best remedy for these devastator is to 
dling of strikers with other laborers. Hew 
York forbids the sale of bogus butter under a 
false name. Ohio ordains that genuine butter 
only shall lie used in charitable and penal in¬ 
stitutions in the State, and dealers in bogus 
butter must designate it as imitation butter 
and are forbidden ts sell it to persons asking 
for genuine butter. Anti-oleo laws have also 
been passed by Marylaud, New Hampshire. 
New Jersey aud Towa. New Hampshire has 
regulated the sale of veal. Iowa has prohibit¬ 
ed traffic in diseased hogs. Ohio prohibits 
deception in dealings in grain. Michigan 
prohibits the adulteration of honey, aud, like 
Maryland and Kentucky, Tegulates the sale of 
fertilizers. Kentucky imposes a heavy tax on 
venders of lightning-rods. Kansas punishes 
by fine and treble damages deception in the 
sale of shrubs, plants and trees. Ohio punish¬ 
es hotels and boarding house “beats 11 with fiue 
or imprisonment. Michigan authorizes the in¬ 
corporation of mutual insurance companies to 
insure against losses by cyclones and wind 
storms. Connecticut permits corporations to 
distribute a part of thoir profits among their 
employes. Mississippi makes telegraph com¬ 
panies liable to fine as well as damages for 
unreasonable failure to deliver messages. Con¬ 
necticut makes it a crime for officers of any 
public or private corporation to accept com¬ 
missions or gratuities upon business of such 
corporation. New Hampshire forbids savings 
banks to act as agents for other corporations 
or to receive any inducement to make loans. 
Georgia, Kentucky, Ohio, New Jersey, aud 
Virginia regulate the salt.* of drugs. Michigan 
and Virginia regulate the practice of medicine, 
Sale of Oleomauoarixe. — Indictment. 
—Evidence. — Upon an indictment for the 
selling or offering for sale of oleomargarine 
uu marked, the Supreme Court of Oregon 
lately hold (State vs. Dunbar) that it was not 
necessary to prove any overt act of offering 
it for sale in an unidentified condition, but 
that the mere possession of it and placing it in 
a store with other articles held for sale were 
sufficient to warrant a jury in finding that 
the same was offered for sale. 
Prohibitory Liquor Laws—Status of 
Buyer.— In the case of Wakeman vs. Cham¬ 
bers the Supreme Court of Iowa held that the 
statute of the State against the sale of intoxi¬ 
cating liquors does not make the buyer an 
abettor or particeps erfminix. The court 
said: “Under the statute the sale or keeping 
with intent to sell is a public offence, because 
the statute so declares. The statuary crime is 
bounded by the statute creating it, and the 
statute operates on and has force aud effect 
against’ the persons therein named r and no 
others. As the prohibitory 
statute does not provide that 
the purchaser is guilty of any 
crime, it seems to us this fact 
gKSuffiR practically ends the inquiry.” 
Agreement to Use Lands 
for Advertising Purposes. 
y£gSfep\. ^ h® nature of an agreement 
selling the right to use fences 
au<1 buildings on ceiffaindands 
for advertising purposes was 
considered by the Supreme 
Court of Illinois, in the case 
of Willoughby et al. vs Law¬ 
rence et al., whereit was held 
that the right conveyed by 
such an agreement was more 
than a mere revocable liceuse 
aud was a right of way in gross 
which a court of equity would 
protect as an equitable charge 
on the lands. 
OUR ANIMAL PORTRAITS. 
SHORT-HORN BULL, PRINCE OF HALNABY, 
Next to Charles and Robert Colling, Mr. 
Bates, and the Booths, father anil sous, have 
been the greatest and most widely-known im¬ 
provers of Short-horn cattle, each of these 
having established several tribes of preemi¬ 
nent merit, which have won numerous prizes. 
At Figure 348 we present to our readers a fine 
likeness of the Short-horn bull. Prince of 
Haluaby. winner of the first prize in the 
“Aged Class ” at the last show' of the Royal 
Agricult ural Society at Nor¬ 
wich. He is described as a ^ 
splendid beast.—“admirably 
formed in front, and very good m IjEp' 
over the crops,” saysthe (Lon- 
don) Live Stock Journal, from 
which our cut lias been re- jPrji’ 
engraved, “but he lacks sub- 
stance slightly.” He has. 
however, choice quality and 
character, and Is very strong . 
in Booth blood. HHu 
SOUTH DOWN SHEEP AHEAD 
South Down sheep suit me 
better thau any others. Meri¬ 
nos are good for the big ranch ,1 
men who have room for 500 or 
more, but most of us want 3 
smaller flocks, of say, 80 to 40. /j] 
For such purposes the South 
Down suits rne. A farmer can 
build up a good stock of sheep 
by gifting SO or 40 ewes—what 
we call Missouri natives. 
They are a mixture of all kinds 
generally after the old Saxon 
pattern: no wmol on the legs or 
belly, average clip 3>g pounds 
per head. Take such ewes 
aud mu them two years with 
a good South Dowu ram. Then 
sell or butcher all the old stock and such of 
the young as do not suit the fancy. Then get 
a new buck, and the lambs from such a flock 
will bo as good for wool or mutton ns full- 
bloods j. E. B. 
Johnson Co,, Kans. 
^ ^ The court fur- 
tin it of. 
Conveyance.—Agreement 
to Build.—Forfeiture. 
Fig. 348. Re-engraved from the London Live Stock Journal. Waiver.—T he owner of cer¬ 
tain land, wishing to develop 
it'I'by' building, executes a 
conveyance of it to a builder, tak- 
rng from the latter a covenant to build upon 
the laud, the owner making advances for 
that purpose upon the condition that in case 
the buildings were not completed bv a specified 
time the property would be forfeited, aud the 
owner might re-enter and take possession 
The builder did not complete the buildings by 
the dare fixed, but the owner nevertheless 
w'eut on making advances, and afterward en¬ 
tered upon and took possession of the land. 
The right of the owner to do this was disputed 
by the other creditors of the builder, and 
their contention has beeu sustained by the 
English Court of Appeals, which holds ‘(Platt 
rs. Parker) that by continuing to make ad¬ 
vances after the builder's default the owner 
had waived the forfeiture. 
SHORTHORN RI LL PRINCE OF HALNABY 
and Georgia the practice of dentistry. Iowa 
has made her prohibitory law stronger and 
more stringent. Rhode Island forbids the sale 
of intoxicating liquors except for artistic, me¬ 
chanical, or medicinal purposes. Ohio levies a 
direct ta x on the proceeds of the sale of liquors. 
Georgia. Mississippi and Marylaud have passed 
local option law’s. Congress. Connecticut and 
Iowa have provided for instruction in the pub¬ 
lic schools under their jurisdiction as to the 
effects of alcoholic drinks ou the human system. 
Massachusetts declares women eligible as over¬ 
seers of the poor: and New York permits them 
to vote at school meetings. Connecticut, 
Michigan and New York regulate the employ¬ 
ment of children, forbidding excessive work, 
or work in unwholesome places. Georgia pro¬ 
vides for industrial education for school child¬ 
ren. Maryland, Massachusetts and New 
Hampshire forbid the sale of tobacco to min¬ 
d's. The sale of adulterated sweets is forbid¬ 
den in many other States. lu every State 
Legislature as well as in Congress there is a 
vast disproportion between the number of bills 
introduced and of those passed, and between 
those of a private and public nature. 
use the arsenites in water—about one pound to 
100 gallons. Others would luld about six quarts 
of flour, which causes the poison to adhere to 
the leaves better iu case of a hard raiu. For 
small trees a Whitman Fountain Pump would 
be all that is needed. If one has rnauy or 
large trees to treat, it would be better to pro¬ 
cure a large, powerful fo ve pump. Another 
remedy has been suggested, which from the 
habits of the insect must succeed, but is faulty 
as it only locks the door after a part of the 
goods are stolen. That is to encircle the base 
of the tree with a close-fitting trough so 
guarded by a smooth shelving piece of tiu on 
the outside, that as the larva? descend they 
would be unable to pass dowu, and so none 
would succeed in developing to full matur¬ 
ity. As suggested, this does uot kill till the in¬ 
sects have done their mischief and so only 
does good in preventing future damage. 
Herefords suit me well. For general pur¬ 
poses iu this country they are hard to beat. 
They are hardy, easily fattened, fair milkers 
aud they make the best of oxeu, being smart 
and always well mated. The raising of good 
oxeu is a profitable business in these parts. 
Hancock Co., Me. F. k. l. 
My sheep are doing well, and I have already 
some young lambs. This is a litt le premature, 
but I shall try aud make even them pay well. 
I am much pleased with the Hampshire-Down 
ram, though a late lamb last year and not by 
any means fat, he weighs over 170 pouuds, 
aud is very uicely proportioned and very ac¬ 
tive. j. s. w, 
Lockport, N. Y, 
THIS YEAR’S STATE LEGISLATION. 
LATE DECISIONS 
Owing to the evils of Over-legislation, in 
two-thirds of the States now the Legislatures 
meet only once iu two years, so that sessions 
were held in only one-third of the States this 
year. The only way of lessening the evils of 
ill-regulated uud pernicious legislation appears 
to l>e to restrict the opportunities for legisla¬ 
tion of any kind. The following are, in brief, the 
most important State laws passed during the 
year: Labor arbitration tribunals have been 
established in Connecticut, Iowa, Kansas, 
New York and Massachusetts. Massachusetts 
has ordered weekly payments of wages by 
corporations. Rhode Island requires that em¬ 
ployer and employd must give like notice of 
stopping work or each must otherwise forfeit 
wages. New Hampshire prohibits intermed- 
io Make the Best Butter.—To produce 
the best butter every condition must be the 
best, but Mr. Gould, writing for the Praas, is 
convinced that the average quality of the 
butter product eoukl be greatly improved if 
heed were given to four definite rules. 
First. Arrange to have some fresh milkers 
at every season. If the Cows all come in about 
the same time, after a few mouths the entire 
yield loses Its new milk virtue at once, aud the 
butter is not possessed of that delicate aroma 
ami “gram” that made it a luxury earlier iu 
the season. 
Second. Churn often, especially iu the 
Summer. Iu open-pan setting the cream is 
usually acid enough,.when removed from the 
milk to put into the churn at once. I special 
Meaning of Household Goods.— The Su¬ 
preme Court of Kansas held in a recent case 
of Smith vs. Findley, that the phrase “house¬ 
hold goods” used iu a contract of carriage did 
not include potatoes, bacon, vinegar and salt, 
a portion of which was sold or offered for sale 
after the arrival of the goods at their desti¬ 
nation. 
Patent—Recovery of License Fee—In¬ 
validity. —A licensee who has paid a license 
fee for the use of a patent privilege of which 
he has had the benefit eauuot maintain an 
action to recover back the amount so paid 
upon the ground of the invalidity of the 
patent, according to the decision of the Mary- 
THE ELM-LEAF BEETLE. 
PROF. A. J. COOK. 
The Elm-leaf Beetle—Galerucn xantho- 
meltena (Sehrank), like most of our dreaded 
insect pests, is an imported nuisance. It, like 
the potato beetle, and grape flea beetle, be¬ 
longs to the Chrysomeliikn,Or leaf-eating fam¬ 
ily of beetles. These are all well named, as 
they are voracious feeders ou foliage both in 
the grub or larval, as well as in the imago 
stages. This Elm Beetle has done great dam¬ 
age of late iu the East from New England to 
Virginia. As yet wo are not troubled withjit 
n the West, but we are injmmiueut danger'of 
