THE RURAL. WEW-YORKEB. 
705 
objects to be accomplished were mentioned 
by the Pomologist. The establishment and 
maintenance of Experimental Stations, one 
for each district, with systematic, careful and 
t.i melv reports, were suggested. The collection 
of statistics of the great pomological industry 
of the Nation, its progress and possibilities, 
production and consumption of fruits, investi¬ 
gation of foreign markets, all these should re¬ 
ceive attention as well as the cereal products, 
which he thought were scarcely greater in 
total value than the fruit product. New 
fruits should be tried and imported upon, and 
the adaptability of varieties to special sections 
of country be ascertained. The real facts 
about every fruit, good or bad, should be 
known. A cabinet of accurate fruit models, 
native and foreign, showing varieties as grown 
in different States and localities, together with 
a description of each fruit, plant, branch and 
foliage, was suggested. Reform in the nom¬ 
enclature was also much needed. But at pres¬ 
ent “the garment must be cut according to the 
cloth.” Our Congressmen must be urged to 
greater aid. “Let them know they represent 
pomologists as well as politicians and trades¬ 
men.” Several members spoke earnestly on 
this subject. Let us secure the proper appro¬ 
priation. The total value of the annual fruit 
crop in the Union is now over $100,000,000. 
“The Press and Horticulture” was the sub¬ 
ject of the next paper by Herbert Myrick, it 
being read by the young editor himself. He 
said the press had done much for home fruit 
growing, but very little for the seller. There 
is too much space between the producer and 
consumer. Neglected reports of fruit crops 
should be looked after, and these should cover 
the whole country. The press has not done 
its whole duty to horticulture. Many papers 
refuse to notice new fruits, fearing to adver¬ 
tise some one. The subscriber wants his jour¬ 
nal to print such news while it is fresh. More 
horticultural writers are needed. Some who 
have never written for the press sometimes 
send the best news because founded on expe¬ 
rience. Local horticulturists should keep their 
papers informed of their doings. More atten- 
col lection. They were shown on plates con¬ 
taining either half a dozen or a dozen of each 
variety.-Marlboro Grange showed 108 
pIates;BouthboroGrange 72: Worcester Grange 
KIS,and other granges smaller collections.- 
A number of new varieties, some of them un¬ 
named, were shown-Maiden’s Blush and 
a variety of sweet russet attracted much at¬ 
tention. 
The show of pears, although not large, was 
of considerable excellence. As a matter of 
course, the venerable Marshall P. Wilder led 
the exhibit. Some remarkably fine specimens 
of Clairgeau, Angouleme, and Anjou, were 
shown. 
Among the grapes we noticed many fine 
specimens of the Niagara. Two enormous 
clusters of the Black Hamburg and two of the 
White Syrian, exhibited by Mr. Simpkins of 
“Sandvside,”Yarmouth Port, were fine.- 
The Eaton shown by Messrs. John B. Moore 
& Son, led all other varieties for size and 
beauty. The vines of this variety at the 
Rural Grounds have not fruited yet, but we 
are inclined to think very favorably of it, 
from the specimens we have seen and tasted. 
The finest vegetable exhibit in the form of a 
collection, was that of Mr. James J. H. Greg¬ 
ory of Marblehead. An exhibit of over 
200 kinds of vegetable seeds was of interest, 
and attracted much attention. A large num¬ 
ber of seedling potatoes, some of considerable 
merit, were included in the collection. W. W. 
Rawson also exhibited a large number of 
seedling potatoes. 
Houghton Farm made a big showing of 
potatoes, the product of each hill being put in 
a tray by themselves-In the general ex¬ 
hibit, Dakota Red led in number. Some 
very flue specimens of the Beauty of Hebron, 
Pearl of Savoy, and White Elephant were ex¬ 
hibited together with a large number of new 
and old varieties.-Messrs. Schlegel & 
Fottler showed a new cauliflower grown by 
Mr. Peter Fottler.-Mr. Aaron Low exhi¬ 
bited the Bay State Squash, a sport from the 
Essex Hybrid. The Bay State promises to be 
_ __ 
PORTABLE SILO. Re-engraved from the London Live Stock Journal. Fig. 395. (See p. 704.) 
portable silo with a foundation of concrete, 
wooden walls, and a corrugated iron top is 
coming into use quite extensively. Of late a 
system of packing the silage by means of a 
heavy Toller has received considerable atten¬ 
tion. This roller is shown at work iu the cut. 
It mav be rolled to and fro simply by band. 
For convenience and economy it is made hol¬ 
low and filled with water or sand, or the roller 
may be solid or otherwise formed and weight¬ 
ed. Though primarily for use in the silo, the 
roller tuny ho used for open stacks.with the ad¬ 
dition of a few upright posts and hoards at the 
sides, which can be afterwards removed when 
the pressing is finished. The roller, as shown 
in the sketch, is traversed back and forward 
over boards laid on the top of the grass. It 
should be noted that sand, where conveniently 
obtained, gives nearly double the weight of 
water ballast, without adding to the cost of 
roller. 
This rolling process was first used in 1S84, 
when with three of the rollers in use t.000 tons 
of silage were packed. The rollers were 
also used in packing down stacks. The rollers 
give an even and continuous pressure far bet¬ 
ter than that of treading. 
AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
AT CLEVELAND. 
(RURAL SPECIAL REPORT CONTINUED.) 
More about the Lucretia Dewberry; perfect 
fruit only wanted at shows; California for 
the next convent ion is 1888; (he new Bu¬ 
reau of Pomobfni, and its proposed scope; 
the press and horticult ure. 
Continuing the small fruit discussion at the 
second evening session, Mr. A lbnugh, speaking 
of the Lucretia Dewberry, said: “The origin¬ 
al plant is now nine years old. My brother at 
Covington, Ohio, was the disseminator. I 
have seen its distribution attributed to E. Y. 
Teas. It came originally from Virginia, hav¬ 
ing been brought to Miami County by a sol¬ 
dier. The Lucretia ripens about with the 
Gregg Raspberry. It is larger than any 
blackberry I know of: vine probably about 
as hardy ns the Taylor.” Mr. Cavwood: 
“The Lucretia, T think, is a wonder, a magni¬ 
ficent berry, almost a week before the stand¬ 
ard varieties; It is a whole week ahead of 
our Minnewnski; being very large. We have 
an acre of it for market, planted four feet 
apart. We tie the upright cam's to a stake, 
then let them trail over the ground near the 
stake.” Mr. Crawford: "It is as good as it 
ever was claimed to be. The vines grow very 
long, eight, feet at times; roots from the tips, 
but will also grow from root cuttings.” Mr. 
Albaugh Raid his brother raised about, ion 
bushels of the Lucretia this year, which he 
sold at 18 cents a quart. 
On assembling Thursday morning the vari¬ 
ous awarding committees reported. Mr. Van- 
definau said his committee (on apples) had 
acted upon the principle that when the only 
specimen shown was imperfect and defective, 
no first, premium should be given. Ho thought, 
perfect fruit only was wanted at these exhi¬ 
bitions. President Earle heartily sustained 
this position, and the members all voted aye. 
(Let every fruit committee iu the land adopt 
this much needed reform inflexibly.) It was 
recommended by the committee that some 
place in California should be chosen for the 
next meeting of the society, the time being 
fixed in February, 1888. and the point to be 
located by the Executive Committee. At 
least some place on the Pacific coast was 
strongly urged, depending in seme degree 
upon the adjustment of rates with the railway 
companies. President Earle read a let ter from 
President Hilgard, of the California State 
Society, inviting them to meet there in 1888, 
Some of the members seemed a little startled 
at first. The broad scope of their association 
bogau to dawn upon them more fully. Many 
were calculating the cost to see if it came 
within their individual possibilities. Mr. 
Earle strongly urged the proposition, and no 
one seemed to oppose it. The matter was 
finally left to the Executive Committee to de¬ 
cide. 
A paper was then read by H. E. Vandef- 
man on “Pomology as a Division of the Agri¬ 
cultural Department at Washington.” lie 
enjoys the title and position of “U. S. Polito¬ 
logist" under the new law; the first. Pomologlst 
created by the Government. Many members 
were wholly Ignorant of any such Division, 
and few kuow the law had passed, amoug 
them Pres. Earle. So Mr. Vundcf man's paper 
really contained some surprising information 
pleasing to all. The appropriation of only 
$3,000 in addition to his salary, was, he 
thought, wholly insufficient, and he urged the 
members to use their influence to secure an 
increased amount next year. Some of the 
tion to the business side of horticulture was 
urged. The proper marketing of the fruits is 
now more important than the further produc¬ 
tion of new varieties. Such are a few of the 
salient points emphasized by Mr. Myrick in his 
paper, which he read in a loud, clear tone of 
voice. H. H. 
NOTES FROM THE BAY STATE FAIR. 
Although the statement, is very generally 
made that the Bay State Agricultural Society 
was organized as a protest against, the old New 
England Association, yet we think some of the 
managers, at least, have a higher object in 
view, ami that while it is a protest against 
“the ring”as it is called;yet it will accomplish 
a ..uch higher object for the farmers of New 
England iu showing that n successful agricul¬ 
tural fair does not depend upon speech mak¬ 
ing, horse racing, or political wire-pulling. 
The object of the Bay State Agricultural 
Society, according to its constitution, is to 
promote the interests of agriculture, horticul 
ture and the mechanic and domestic arts con¬ 
nected therewith, aud the raising of choice 
breeds of domestic animals in the Common¬ 
wealth, by holding exhibitions, institutes and 
courses of lectures and by publishing reports. 
Any person may become a member upon the 
payment of $1. Six consecutive annual pay¬ 
ments, or the payment of $5 shall constitute 
life membership. 
• This is the first fair held by the society, aud 
the first agricultural fair held in Boston for 80 
years, the last one being held under the auspi¬ 
ces of the National Agricultural Society of 
which the venerable Marshall P. Wilder was 
president at the time, in October, 1850.- 
A sjieeial bureau of information added mater¬ 
ially to the comfort and convenience of visi¬ 
tors. Experienced men were in charge to 
direct visitor aud give all desired infor¬ 
mation. 
FRUIT AND VEGETABLE NOTES. 
The special prize of $50, offered for the best 
show of apples, brought out a large and fine 
a valuable cooking acquisition. It has excel¬ 
lent cooking and keeping qualities. 
IMPLEMENTS. 
The Brown Endless Cutter Mowing Machine 
attracted much attention. Asitsuame indicates, 
the knives are on an endless chain, cutting al¬ 
ways in one direction. If it will staud the 
test it is a great improvement iu mowing ma¬ 
chines. It has only been partially tested as 
yet.-Breed’s Universal Weeder is a new 
implement. Its principle is something like 
that of the Thomas Smoothing Harrow. It 
consists of a series of steel rods placed vertical¬ 
ly in a frame and is intended to scratch out 
the weeds and pulverize the surface of the 
soil, about young corn, potatoes, etc.- 
Peabody’s Fertilizer Distributor is a new can¬ 
didate for public favor. It is of such a char¬ 
acter as to prevent, a judgment of its merits 
without seeing it in actual operation-- 
The new Blanchard Factory Butter-Worker 
was exhibited in operation in the Dairy De¬ 
partment. It consists of two cylindrical 
rolls between which the butter is run. It can 
be run by an unskilled dairyman, and the 
butter, it is claimed, cannot lie spoiled by 
over-working. It is one of the best new dairy 
apparatus, and is already having u large sale. 
-Hill’s aerator is a new device for cooling 
milk quickly after it is takeu from the cow, 
by forcing a stream of pure, cold air through 
it from the bottom.-The Dana wiud-tnill 
was ingeniously arranged so that its merits 
could lie shown without being in actual opera¬ 
tion. Mr. Dana has made die subject of 
wind-mills an especial study, and his mill is the 
result of a long experience and many costly 
experiments-The Deerfoot Milk Cooler, 
shown bv President Burnett, is so arranged 
that ice water from a tank flows through a 
hose into another tank, around the butter, aud 
so keeps it cool-The Johnson Cream Sep¬ 
arator is made in two parts so that the 
cream may be taken away in the upper 
vessel or cream holder, while the skim- 
milk is left in the lower one.- 
The Higganum Manufacturing Co. exhib¬ 
ited the new Clarks flexible disc harrow 
aud the Sherman silage and fodder cut¬ 
ter. One of the novel features of this cut¬ 
ter is the arrangement of the feeding rollers 
so that they an* adjusted and run with the 
knives, giving the machine a positive fetal. 
———Belcher & Taylor showed their new re¬ 
versible sulky plows. It is evident that sulky 
plows are increasing iu popularity in New 
Euglaud. The Yankee swivel plow is evident 
ly destined to be one of the most popular 
olows ever introduced. It has already had a 
large sale. This firm also manufacture and 
control the sale of the Hitch -oak potato dig¬ 
ger, which is not only an excellent potato dig¬ 
ger. but may also, by a change in the mold- 
hoard. be used as a ridger or shovel plow.- 
The Planet Jr. implements are everywhere 
conceded to be valuable. It is not strange 
that the popularity of these tools should be so 
universal.-Mast, Foos Co., of Spring- 
field, Ohio, made a large exhibit, showing 
their iron turbine wind-mill and Buckeye 
force puran, lawn mowers, etc. 
Although the fair has cost in round num¬ 
bers somewhere near $45,000. yet the probabi¬ 
lities are that the receipts will more than cover 
the expenses an l leave a handsome sum in the 
treasury. This is especially gratifying, be¬ 
cause It" proves that even finaneial success may 
he attained without the adjuncts of horse 
racing and side shows, neither of which was 
allowed at the exhibition. It is not true that 
the financial success even of the largest and 
best agricultural fail’s depends upon horse¬ 
racing. gambling, and leased privileges. G. 
THE GREAT ST. LOUIS FAIR. 
(RURAL SPECIAL REPORT.) 
The 26th annual great St. Louis Fair opened 
at St. Louis, Mo.. October 4th. and continued 
until the 9th inst. Th” second day was Child¬ 
ren’s Day, and over 60,000 people visited the 
grounds, 40.000 of whom were boys and girls. 
All under 14 years of age were admitted free. 
On Wednesday the crowd numbered about 
70.000. and on Thursdnv the attendance was 
the largest, over 140,000 being present. Prac¬ 
tically- Friday was the last day. and over 
50.000 people gathered there. From this it 
will be seen that the fair was a financial suc¬ 
cess. The weather from the beginning to the 
end was all that could he desired. Not a drop 
if l-ain fell to dampen the ardor of those wish¬ 
ing to attend. Premiums to the amount of 
$70,000 were offered. 
In the cattle department there was not an 
empty stall. A. Bourquim, Nokomis, Ill., ex¬ 
hibited a herd of Swiss cattle which attracted 
much attention as this breed is seldom seen in 
the West. Short-horns, Aberdeen- Angus; Hol- 
stein-Friesians and Jerseys were numerous. 
Altogether the show of cattle was a creditable 
one. 
The sheep exhibit numbered,in all, about 300 
head, consisting of all the prominent breeds. 
ThL department was better filled than usual. 
The accommodations for swine were found to¬ 
tally inadequate to the demand. Illinois and 
Indiana made the Vip.st showing. 
In the poultry department Light Brahmas 
were first in number: then came the Plymouth 
Rocks, The show of turkeys was greater than 
last year. This department was full, and the 
exhibits much better than in former years. 
Of agricultural implements the display was 
one long to he remembered. The long row of 
permanent buildings erected by manufactur¬ 
ers from all Over the United .States, presented 
a magnificent appearance. Osborne & Co. re¬ 
ceived the prize for the handsomest building 
erected in 1 >86, aud Deere, Mansur & Co. re¬ 
ceived first prize for the largest, display of 
implements. Among the new machines shown 
and deserving of mention was the Cyrus 
Roberts’ shuck eoru-sbeller. cleaner and separ¬ 
ator, made hv Roberts. Thorp & Co. This 
machine cleans and separates the corn from 
the husks and cobs without shifting the eleva¬ 
tor. aud tie-graiu can he delivered by means 
of the elevator spout at either side of the 
shelter into a wagon or gunny sack. The 
Whitmau Agricultural Co. exhibited their 
new continuous hay and straw press in opera¬ 
tion. with a new concentrating power device, 
which gradually changes the fulcrum from 21 
down to seven inches, thus requiring great 
strength. This device gives the same plunger 
throw as in their former press, but. with a 
great, increase in power. They also showed 
their magic feed-mill, which is warranted to 
grind 30 bushels an hour with two-horse pow¬ 
er. The old and reliable firm P. P Mast & 
Co., exhibited their full line of implements 
tastefully arranged in their permanent build¬ 
ing. Mast, Foos Co. made a creditable dis¬ 
play of implements, including the iron turbine 
wind-mill. 
The Albion MTg Co., showed their spring- 
tooth harrow, cultivators, etc. We are pleased 
to see our old friend Col. W. Butt, ilate a 
well known member of P. P. Must & Co.,) 
financially interested in this old and thor¬ 
oughly reliable firm, and heartily wish him 
all the success possible in his new enterprise. 
This company, as now organized, is officered 
as follows: CoL A. W, Butt, president and 
treasurer: Horatio Gate, vice-president: E P. 
Burrell, secretary. The Syracuse Chilled 
Plow Co., exhibited a full line of their goods 
including hand aud sulky plows, cultivators, 
and roan scrapers The latter articles being 
the only implements of the kind on the grounds, 
attracted much attention from the fact that 
they are inexpensive and capable of doing 
excellent work. They have received many en¬ 
comiums from road commissioners and super¬ 
intendents of streets. This company were the 
only exhibitors in their line from tile Empire 
State. The Bucher & Gibbs Plow Co., manu¬ 
facturers of hand, gang and sulky plows, 
made an excellent displa y. This enterprising 
firm have made and sold over 170,000 plows. 
F. E. Myers & Bro., showed the Myers’ 
double-hick reversible hay carrier, one of the 
most perfect in use; also the new Myers’ iron 
track carrier. This carrier ts made of the 
best annealed malleable iron, aud is very 
strong and neatly finished. They also show a 
full line of force and lift pumps. j. k. s. 
A CORRECTION.— The Rural’s report of the 
poultry department at the New York State 
Fair is sadly at fault as regards numbers. 
The following are the exact figures: Fowls aud 
guinea fowls. 740; turkeys, 16; geese, L40; 
ducks, 70; pigeons, 230; rabbits, 34; dogs aud 
puppies. 28; making a grand total of'1258;, 
noise-making specimens under one roof. 
F. W. GAYLOR, 
bup’t Poultry at N. Y. State Fair. 
