4886 
THE RURAL HIW-YORICER. 739 
sian of fair quality, large, ripens in Autumn. 
8. Oldmixon Free, Stump the World, Red- 
cheek Molocoton, Royal George, Crawford’s 
Early aud Crawford’s Late, George the 
Fourth and Grosse Jliguonne. A. No. 5. Yes. (J 
It would not do. 
LAM PAS; INTESTINAL WORMS IN A HORSE. 
A. II. G., Lawrence, Kanx .—My seven-year- 
old horse and two-year-old colt are troubled 
with lampas, swelled gums and itching 
tails. Both aro in good condition, but are 
uneasy and disposed to rub against the fence 
or stable. The horse often has small boils 
where the harness presses and under the collar; 
what should be done? 
ANSWERED BY F. L. KILBOUN. 
‘ 1 Lampas” is a symptom of digestive or other 
disorder, or is due to local iiTitatiou, as from 
teething or injuries, aud is not a disease of it¬ 
self. In the old horse it is evidently due to di¬ 
gestive disorder caused by intestinal worms. 
With the youug animal it may be due in part 
to the same general cause or eutr'rel.v to denti¬ 
tion. In either case the old custom of burning 
out should be condemned as barbarous and 
unnecessary, The congestion, if severe, may 
be temporarily relieved by slight bleeding 
with the knife between the front teeth and the 
third wrinkle. For young, healthy animals 
nothing more should be required,mid the “lam- 
pas” will disappear after the eruption of the 
permanent teeth. Feeding dry, ham corn in 
the ear is often practised with benefit. For 
the intestinal worms in the horse give five 
drams Barbadoes aloes; the following morn¬ 
ing before feeding give two drams tartar 
emetic aud one dram each carbolic acid and 
sulphate of iron, and continue for six consecu¬ 
tive mornings; on the seventh day give a sec¬ 
ond dose of the aloes, varying the size of the 
dose either more or less according to the ac¬ 
tion produced by the first dose, injections of 
several quarts of a strong solution of quassia 
will be useful in removing the worms in the low¬ 
er colon and rectum. If worms are suspected iu 
the youug animals, the two-year-ohl may re¬ 
ceive one-half, and the spring colt one-eighth 
of the above dose. Following the above 
treatment, half an ounce each of gertian, gin¬ 
ger and sodium carbonate iu the evening, and 
two drams each niter, aloes, aud sulphate of 
iron in the morning, continued for two or three 
weeks, w ifi aid in bringing the system iuto a 
healthier condition. Thorough daily groom¬ 
ing will also greatly improve the condition of 
each. 
COMBINED ICE-HOUSE AND MILK ROOM. 
K B. D., Columbus, Kans.~B.ow would a 
practical dairyman build a combined ice¬ 
house and butter-making room for a dairy of 
25 to SO cows? 
Ans.— A building 10 x 30 feet would be 
about right, aud if half of it was over a cellar, 
all the better. Iu the absence of a cellar if 
the site is not suitable to have one, it would be 
well to have the building two stories in bight; 
the ice-house being lfl x 10 and the butter 
room 14 x 10. Instead of haviug the ice-house 
run from the ground to the top, wo would 
have a cold store room, with ice above it. The 
ceiling of the cold store-room should be in¬ 
clined and made of gulvnnized iron, water¬ 
tight. Fill with ice above, to the roof, aud 
have the sides and roof built iu modem ice¬ 
house style—three thicknesses of ceiling aud 
paper with two air spaces. So built, little or 
no saw dust packiug is needed, so the ice is 
quite clean Tor butter making. The cold store- 
l oom is needed to hold and keep the butter 
cold for a short time till sale-day. The but¬ 
ter making room, 14 x Id feet, is large enough 
for the creamery tanks, a 100-gallon chum, 
the butter-worker, etc. The chimney for the 
make-room should be put as far from the ice- 
room as possible. This would leave a room 
over the make-room; but such a room never is 
empty on a farm. The room would be largo 
euougb so that Che herd of cows might be en¬ 
larged to ijO or (JO and still have space enough, 
while to make it smaller would lie a mistake, 
because there would not bo passage-way be¬ 
tween the tools that must be used. The eeil- 
iug of the cold store-room should bo made to 
incline towards one side of the building so that 
the drip of the ice could Ik? used Iu the cream¬ 
ing tank,and so much uuti-oalorie saved. This 
could easily be done by having the cross joists 
put higher upon the studding on one side. Of 
course, to hold the ice safely the cross joists 
must be strong or supported in the center. 
poultry raising. 
11 • I’ -1 Uffusta, Ga. —1. lu a late Rural 
a correspondent, speaking of poultry raising, 
says; “Let a man invest $1,000 iu the enter¬ 
prise, and if ho has any gumption whatever 
he can, the first year, realize six jier ceut. on 
his capital.” Is there not some mistake al>out 
this? If that is the only hope a fellow would 
have for his money, to say nothing of the 
“strictest attention,” “wide-awakedness,” 
etc., etc., necessary, it is but poor encourage¬ 
ment. ^ What is tlio best incubtor? 
ANSWERED BY C. S. COOPER. 
I. The profits in poultry-keeping will depend 
entirely on the proportion of chickens a mau 
can hatch and his success in rearing aud mare 
ketiug them. A novice will be always les- 
successful in the business the first year than 
afterwards, especially if he enters it in a large 
way without any previous study or practical 
training. It would be ahvays prudent lie fore 
investing even 11,000 in it, to obtain some 
practical experience from those who have suc¬ 
cessfully handled fowls extensively. The 
raising of poultry in large numbers for eggs 
or fowls for market seems an easy business to 
those who have not tried it; but it is risky 
for a new beginner, though many who have 
experience mako it very profitable. A good 
brooder is as essential as a good incubator. 
The Buckeye, made by the Buckeye Brooder 
Company, Ada, Ohio, I know to be good. Of 
incubators there are several good ones, I 
have the Perfect Hatcher, which is very good; 
made by Perfect Batcher Co., Elmira N. Y.; 
but it is well to dispense with the dock work if 
one can. The Monarch, made by Jas. Rankin, 
South Easton, Mass.; the Thermostatic, for 
sale by E. S. Renwiek, 19 Park Place, N. Y., 
the Eureka and Andrews’ Hatcher I knowore 
all good aud successful machines. 
KILLED BY DRINKING TOO MUCH. 
J. C. K., Peru, Ind .—My eight-year-old 
cow dropped a calf at noon, aud she and the 
calf appeared all right; iutbe evening she was 
given all the cold water she wanted; next 
morning she couldn’t get up: her feet and legs 
were cold; she kept on gettiug worse and died 
in 48 hours after drinking the water. What 
was the matter? 
Ans.— Probably she was killed by drinking 
too much cold water. A cow iu her condition 
should have received very little, if any, cold 
water. She should have had water “with the 
chill taken off,” and warm mashes given fre¬ 
quently in small quantities for at least 24 
hours before allowing free access to cold 
water. There would have been little hope of 
a recovery with the best of treatment. 
HEELING IN SMALL FRUIT VINES FOR WINTER. 
IF. W. T., Waterville, O .—Can plants of 
raspberry, blackberry, grapes, etc., be taken 
up in the Fall and wiutered without a cellar! 
If so, how can it be done? 
Ans.—Y es. Select a sheltered, well-drained 
place in the garden or anywhere. Dig a hole 
or trench as needed, aud place the plants in it. 
W r ork the soil well in among the fibers and 
roots the same as iu planting them. The 
plants may iu this wav be placed so near each 
other that the roots touch. This is called 
“heeling in.” A slight cover of leaves or 
straw may be placed over the trench when the 
weather becomes cold. If properly done, 
plants treated in this way will often start 
earlier in the Spring than if setjout now where 
they.are to remain. 
CONTAGIOUS FOOT ROT IN CATTLE. 
A. G., La Center, W. 7’.—Last March a cow 
of mine became lame,but I could notice noth¬ 
ing the matter with the hoofs; but now there 
are sores between the toes. She doesn’t seem 
to bo pained much,and she travels as far every 
day for feed as the other cattle, and eats as 
fast. A calf she dropped in March is also 
somewhat la me, but not so badly as the dam. 
On the calf the sore is between the toes on the 
front right foot, running all the way from the 
front to the rear. It discharges a bad-smell¬ 
ing pus. The place is very raw and the dis¬ 
charge appears to have rotted the skin to the- 
flesh. The cow is affected in the same way 
only worse. Iu neither case is thojleg so swol¬ 
len as to oe noticeable. There is no sore where- 
the hide and horn join outside the hoof. The 
pasture is uot wet. What is the matter? 
Ans.— Clean the foot aud pare away all dis¬ 
eased horn to expose the whole diseased sur¬ 
face. Cauterize thoroughly with commercial 
hydro-chloric acid, using a cloth swab on a 
stick, so as to cat away all diseased tissue. 
Then apply a dressing of tar. Also apply a 
light dressing of the acid and tar to the healthy 
feet, as a preventive. Examine the feet aud 
dress once or twice a week until cured. The 
disease being contagious.all sick animals should 
be kept apart from the healthy until healed. 
-»♦ ♦- 
Miscellaneous. • 
E. It. B., Sanford, N. II—1. I have a sick 
cow and lost another by the same disease. 
First, the eyes run; then turn white and 
milky and bulge out, and iu 48 hours the ani¬ 
mal becomes blind; the nose grows sore aud 
matter runs from it and the mouth. The 
auiuial is hot and feverish, has a good appe- 
tite,:init loses flesh rapidly’. The second one 
has been sick about a week. What is the mat¬ 
ter.' 2 , Who is the N. Y. State Veterinarian? 
Ans.—T he symptoms aro unsatisfactory; 
but if the cattle hud access to low, damp, 
marshy places, or were otherwise exposed, it 
is probably maliguant catarrh. If this is the 
case, treatment is not very satisfactory, ex¬ 
cept at the very outset. Better to prevent the 
disease by removing the cattle from such lo¬ 
calities, and protect from exposure. 2. Dr. 
James Law, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 
It. A. B., Monroeville , N. J. —For six weeks 
my two-months-old colt has stepped on the 
toe of the left fore-foot, and “crinkled” for¬ 
ward in walking. It is lamer sometimes than 
at others. On examination I can’t see what is 
the trouble; can the Rural? 2. The two 
teats on the right side of a Jersey calf are 
fastened together just by connecting skin; 
could a surgeon separate them? 
Ans. —1. We suspect the back tendons are 
too short and require cutting across, an oper¬ 
ation requiring the services of a competent 
veterinary surgeon. If our diagnosis correct 
all other treatment will be useless. 2. Yes; 
any good surgeon can safely separate the teats. 
IF. M. K., Washington, D. C. —1. My cow's 
teats keep very sore all the time, though I 
grease them after milking; what is a remedy? 
2. Would it do to put crude petroleum on hens 
under the feathers, to get rid of vermin? 
Ans.— 1. What is the nature of the sores? 
As to the cause, you give us no due in your 
brief description. Try cauterizing the sores 
with a stick of nitrate of silver, after which 
apply daily an ointment of equal parts of 
spermaceti aud almond oil. The teats must 
be kept dry and milked carefully. If milking 
by band appears to irritate the sores so as to 
prevent healing, it may be necessary to use 
milking tubes until healed. 2. Yes; in small 
quantities. But it must be used cautiously. 
S. S. S., Dover, Del.— My young horse chews 
up all the harness he can get hold of; what is 
the cause and what a remedy ? 
Ans. —Either a habit, occasionally contract¬ 
ed by young horses from pure wanton¬ 
ness when idle, or a depraved appe¬ 
tite. In the first case, the very simple 
remedy is to give the horse something else to 
do. so that he will have less time for such prac¬ 
tice, and to keep the harness out of his reach 
when necessarily idle. If due to a depraved 
appetite, the animal is out of condition and 
needs a course of treatment. But if such is 
needed we should have a careful description 
of the case to enable us to prescribe, 
J. K. P. A. —(address mislaid )—Can I get 
a cheap mill for grinding corn meal or Graham 
for table use ? 
Ans. —The Frank Wilson No. 0. mill will do 
good work. We have examined a specimen of 
Graham flour made in this null; it is excel¬ 
lent. Price $5. Wilson Bros. Easton Pa. 
T. B. II., Wellsville. Pa .—The tree is evi¬ 
dently a seedling. Oftentimes seedling pears 
aud apples do not blossom or fruit in many 
years. The pear will grow On the apple—the 
apple on the pear. But usually they will be 
short-lived. 
H. <7., Hamburg, Conn. —Is it advisable to 
plant potato onion setts in the Fall? 2. In 
what proportion should kainit and raw bone 
be mixed for application to plum trees, and, 3, 
how much of each should be applied to trees 
plauted two years ago next [Spring, now in 
thrifty condition? 
Ans.— 1. No—in the Spring. 2. This can 
not be answered because we do not know 
whether your laud most needs phosphoric 
acid or [xuash. We should advise using one 
bag (200 pounds) of kainit to one bag of bone. 
3. The trees being thrifty, apply not over at 
the rate of 800 pounds of the combined fer¬ 
tilizer to the acre. This would give a couple 
of heaping handsful to each tree. 
DISCUSSION. 
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES AND AGRICULTU¬ 
RAL EDUCATION. 
L. E. B., Lincoln, Nebraska.— The Ru¬ 
ral advises farmers to stop nagging at 
the agricultural colleges and to support 
them by sending their children. Such advice 
should uot pass without comment. If it is 
supposed that the attendance at one of the 
agricultural colleges necessarily means that 
one w ill get a farm education there, 1 must 
object to the Rural's advice. It is well 
known that a large part of the income from 
the agricultural college endowment is used to 
educate anything but a farm spirit. Those 
who want their boys to become farmers find 
little inducement held out by these schools. 
Before the college course is over it is a fair 
chance that their boys will be led into some 
other field of thought. While this uncertain¬ 
ty exists these schools cannot ask the support 
of earnest farmers, and it is no wonder that 
they are reticent and inclined to ask “leading 
questions.” We know that but very little 
successful work iu agricultural education has 
been done iu this country. This is not from 
lack of opportunity, but from lack of men who 
have the work at heart and are trained for it, 
and can carry interest and enthusiasm iuto 
earnest effort, I write this after some exper¬ 
ience in farm school work. I know that fa rm- 
rs are awake to their best interests in educa 
tional matters, and do not think they deserve 
the scolding the Rural gave them. 
R. N.-Y.—The Rural’s opinion is that the 
farmers of the country have the power to make 
a grand success of a majority of our agricul¬ 
tural colleges. This opinion is based upon a per¬ 
sonal examination of two of the most successful 
institutions and a study of several feebler ones. 
In Michigan. Mississippi and Kansas we have 
agricultural schools that offer no apology for 
existing, and are not ashamed to place their 
course of instruction beside that of any school 
The progressive farmers of Michigan made their 
college by sending their boys there and keep¬ 
ing them there. If in the beginning they had 
huug back and sneered at the school and sent 
their boys to sectarian colleges, the institution 
would long sincehavebeen swallowed up. There 
is an enthusiasm about numbers that counts 
in colleges as in any other place where men 
meet. Surely if Michigan, 30 years ago. could 
find men to start her college, other States can 
get them to-day if they care to look fur them. 
If the farmers do not believe that agricultural 
education is possible, and that their boys can 
make better men by learning poor Latin and 
worse Greek at a second-rate college than they 
can at any possible agricultural college, that 
is their own affair. We believe, 1, that it is 
possible to create, in every State in this 
country, an agricultural college that will be 
a positive benefit to the State; 2, that the 
farmers of any State have the power to make 
or unmake these colleges just as they wish. 
The history of the half-dozen colleges that can 
be rated as anything of a success will prove 
these propositions. Lei the farmers' organiza¬ 
tions of any State all pledge themselves to giv e 
their agricultural college their warm and 
hearty support for five years. Let them send 
boys there as students and committees there 
to investigate, and keep up the work honestly 
and fairly ami the result would astonish them. 
You will say you Jo not care to experiment 
with your boy's education. What else do you 
do when you send him to any other college? 
Can you tell what he wall make as the result 
of his college training? One favorite argu¬ 
ment of farm writers is to the effect that 
farmers’ boys should never be surrounded by 
any education or influence that would draw 
them away from the farm. There is far more 
sense in permitting a boy to select his own 
profession. He will be a happier and a better 
and more successful man for such a selection. 
There are natural farmers, natural doctors 
and natural lawyers. They are frequently 
found in the same familj\ Give them special 
training and you make three good men; give 
them all the same training and you make 
three second-rate men. "We have normal 
schools for teachers, special schools for law¬ 
yers and doctors—we need them for farm 
ers. We can have them when we send our 
genuine farm boys together. They will make 
the institution and give it dignity. 
;pi«iCi‘Uanf0u$ 
Purify the Blood. 
IVe do not claim that Hood's Sarsaparilla is tho 
only medicine deserving public confidence, but 
we believe that to purify the blood, to restore and 
renovate the whole system, it is absolutely 
unequalled. The iuduence of tbe blood upon 
the health cannot be over-estimated. If it be¬ 
comes contaminated, the train of consequences 
oy which the health is undermined is immeasur¬ 
able. loss of Appetite, Low Spirits, Headache, 
Dyspepsia, Debility, Nervousness aud other 
“little (?) ailments” are the premonitions of 
more serious and ofteu fatal results. Try 
Hood’s Sarsaparilla 
Sold by all druggists. $1; six for $5. Made 
only by C. I. HOOD & CO., Lowell, Mass* 
IOO Doses One Dollar 
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