s' 
g§4 THE BUBAL WIW-VORKIt* 
meal, according to the needs of the animal, 
forms our grain ration. 
Buffalo, W. Va. c. p. l. 
Bvtrot (Topics. 
I 
CORRESPONDENTS’ VIEWS. 
Kindling Wood.— Grocery men in the cities 
do a good business at selling kindling wood. 
Those who build city fires want something 
that will kindle into a blaze quickly. In many 
a country home there is a scarcity of good 
kindling. 1 have seen women trying to shave 
or whittle a stick with a case-knife. In a few 
hours farmers could make enough kindling 
wood to last all winter. The wood sold at the 
city stores is dry pine cut into thin slivers and 
dipped into melted resin. We also buy little 
balls or blocks that blaze enough to start auy 
fire. These are made by mixing a quart of 
tar and three pounds of resin, melting, and 
then working in all the dry pine sawdust possi¬ 
ble. Spread it out and when cold chop into 
lumps. There ought to be a basket of these 
where the farmer's wife can reach them 
handily. B - H - J - 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Preserving Paint Brushes.— Farmers 
generally do not paint as much as they would 
if brushes were not so costly, for if not proper¬ 
ly cared for they soon become useless. I have 
used a brush for four years past, paiutiug my 
cart and sheds, my front door aud many other 
things, aiid it is a good one no w. TV hen paint¬ 
ing, and the job is not doue by night-fall, put 
the brush in water; it will keep in good shape 
for some time. The best way, when you are 
done, is to wash the brush with soft soap and 
hot water, put it away with the bristles 
straight, and a go >d brush will last for years 
as mine has done. J - H - T - 
Medford, Maine. 
Bees not Doing Well. —The bees in this 
locality have not done well. White Clover 
was very scarce and there are but few bass¬ 
wood trees, so the bees had to put up with 
what they could get. They took advantage 
of the buckwheat bloom, but sitiee that they 
have been resting. Gulden rod yielded some 
honey, but, like the buckwheat it was limited. 
I have come to the conclusion that my bees 
(hybrids) have lost their business grip aud are 
uncommonly lazy. Perhaps it conies from 
associating with me. I have been feediug 
them sugar sirup for the past two weeks, and 
have just finished packing them in chaff for 
Winter. w - M - B - 
Angelica, N. Y. 
ijorsfman. 
HORSE BREEDING IN ILLINOIS. 
I have referred to the measure aud extent 
of draft horse breeding and feeding in Central 
Illinois, and I have not forgotten to speak of 
the “rush” fast horsemen are making to secure 
a large share of the profits which are sup¬ 
posed to attach to fast as well as draft horse 
breeding, when both are properly managed. 
But the draft horse men have taken a new de¬ 
parture to increase the stock of grades by 
bringing into this State Texas pouy mares. 
These they have stinted to their lull-blood 
heavy-weights, and herds of brood Texas 
mares arc quite as common a sight in the corn 
and cattle counties as flocks of well-bred 
s h ee p—that are uot as common as they ought 
to be, now that mutton and wool, both, arc 
on the advance. If the draft horse men carry 
this experiment wi h Texas mares forward on 
a large scale, heavy-weight grades will soon 
fail to sell at three or four times the price, 
pouud for pound, of fat four-year-old steers, 
and the drayman will be able to renew his 
motive power at something less than a whole 
year’s earnings. 
As yet I do not hear that breeders of fast 
trotting and running stock have turned their 
attention to these half-wild horses of the Texas 
and the Southwestern plains; but if they do, 
and cross judiciously, something like a new 
race of horses for light aud fast work will be 
the result. In a Percheron or Clyde-Texas 
cross there is no danger of lack of size and 
weight, but great fear of deficiency of bone 
and muscle to sustain and propel it—a fact 
often demonstrated in the common light-weight 
and draft pure cross—the example being not 
unusual of a 1,300 or 1,400-pound body insuf¬ 
ficiently sustained on legs aud feet not too 
large tor an 8UU or 900-pouud horse. But the 
Texas Thoroughbred or trotter cross will have 
nothing to fear of the disproportion described 
—but whether the high temper and the 
haughty spirit of the one will marry well with 
the “wild devil” in the other, is something yet 
to be determined. 
Illinois has heretofore done great things in 
corn, grass, cattle, sheep, and wheat, and, 
from present indications, within the next five 
or 10 years her breeders are likely to do things 
still greater in the breeding of heavy-weight 
aud fast and fine horses. 
I find there is a conflict of opinion among 
horsemen ns to whether a young or old horse, 
full of grain and out of condition, will get the 
greater benefit from being turned out to pas¬ 
ture during the summer season, or whether 
exposed to the inclemencies of the Winter as 
he chooses to take them, but having good Blue 
Grass pasture to graze on, aud au open shed to 
run to, and a full stack of hay to feed at when¬ 
ever he wills, and uot a few prefer the winter 
pasture, and report marvelous results. 
Champaign, Ill. B. f. J. 
-»-A«- 
STONE IN THE BLADDER. 
An English veterinarian has succeeded in 
treating this trouble successfully in horses. 
He is of the opiuion that the disease is fnr 
more prevalent among horses than is general¬ 
ly supposed. He succeeded in cutting into the 
bladder and removing the concretion, and has 
been successful with every case thus treated. 
It seems probable that animals are quite fre¬ 
quently affected with this trouble, and are 
treated for other diseases of the urinary sys¬ 
tem. The symptoms are hard to distinguish 
from those of various “kidney” troubles. The 
ordinary medicines will have no effect. Only 
a surgical operation eau remove the obstruc¬ 
tion after the “stone” has attained auy size. 
These “stoues,” or calculi, are deposits of solid, 
earthy matter, which slowly accumulate and 
enlarge. They have been known in some in¬ 
stances to weigh several pounds. Foods con¬ 
taining an excess of lime or phosphates are 
most favorable to their formation, but the con¬ 
dition of the system has much to do with this. 
Au impaired digestion or an unhealthy state 
of the blood is always dangerous. Wlieu the 
concretions are small they can be expelled 
through the urethra by proper medicines. 
When they become too large they cause inflam¬ 
mation of tlie bladder in the horse. In the ox 
the bladder at last bursts, a nd death, of course, 
ensues. With huinnu beings the trouble is 
more prevalent than is generally supposed. 
Dyspeptics aud those troubled with gout are 
most liable to be troubled. The prevailing 
idea seems to be that the concretions are alka¬ 
line, aud the first thought i» to indulge in acid 
drinks. The exactly opposite treatment is 
correct. Most of the “stones” are formed by 
uric acid. Milk is considered an excellent 
drink, and the various mineral waters are 
recommended. Mueilagenous drinks, like gum 
arabie, dissolved in water, are beneficial in in¬ 
flammation of the bladder. Large concretions 
can be taken out through an opening made in 
the bladder from the outside, or crushed an i 
washed out through the urethra. Some of the 
most noted characters of history have died 
from the effects of this trou I >le. Its great duu- 
ger lies in neglect and an unhealthy.way of 
living. 
CATALOGUES, ETC., RECEIVED. 
Safety Rein Holder. Circular from E. 
E. Brewster, Holly, Mich.—This little imple¬ 
ment eau he fastened to the front of the vehi¬ 
cle. When the rider alights, the reins, with 
one motion, are securely fastened, so that it is 
impossible for them to fall under the feet of 
the horses. Tne usual practice of winding the 
reins around the whip or the hub is all wrong. 
Many runaways originate by the falling of 
the reins under the horses. In any eveut, a 
horse can easily, in five minutes, stamp 
damage enough out of the reins, if he can 
once get them under his feet, to more than 
pay for a rein holder. A picture on the cir¬ 
cular represents a youug man and young wo¬ 
man riding blissfully along in u sleigh with 
the reins securely held by oue of these holders. 
What young man will need a stronger induce¬ 
ment to secure one before sleighing fairly sets 
in? 
Pocket Cutlery, Razors, Scissors, 
Axes, etc. —Price-lists aud catalogues from 
Maher & Grosh, Toledo, O. This pamphlet 
contains about as much knife lore as oue will 
be apt to find in any book of similar size. The 
various cutting implements art- all illustrated 
and described, and prices are given. We have 
always obtained full satisfaction from this 
house and believe our readers will be sure to 
find just the knife, lazor or axe to suit them 
in this catalogue. Every person needs u knife. 
Get a good one while you are about it. The 
spools of wire advertised in tins catalogue are 
very haudy. You ought to carry one in the 
wagon or carriage. The wire is ol all sizes, 
from hail- wire for flowers, bonnets, etc., to u 
size large enough to mend a broken shaft. 
Send for this catalogue aud look it over. 
Burr Stone Mills and Mill Machinery. 
Catalogue from The Edward Harrison Mill 
Co., New Haven, Conn.—The Harrison Mills 
are made in great variety. Great superiority 
is claimed for them on account of their 
strength and durability, because of the excel¬ 
lence of the material used iu their construc¬ 
tion, because they are simple and easily un¬ 
derstood aud are economical in power, room, 
help, time and freight. These claims are sup¬ 
ported in a straight-forward way in this pam¬ 
phlet. Full directions arc given and all ex¬ 
planations are clear aud simple. Tbecatalogue 
contains a biography of Edward Harrison, the 
Inventor of the high speed system of grinding 
grain, besides other valuable information. 
The Champion Evaporator Catalogues, 
From E. H. Grimm & Co , Port Hudson, O. 
—These evaporators are made with corrugat¬ 
ed pans in such a way as to materially lessou 
the size of the stove tank, without lessening 
the heating surface. The automatic regulator 
and the portable syphon are also important 
improvements. Great care is taken in their 
manufacture, and the best material is used. 
Iu addition to the description of the Champion 
Evaporators, these circulars contain valuable 
information for all who are interested in the 
manufacture of maple rup or sugar, sor- 
gbutn molasses or fruit jellies. 
Newspaper Annual.— This volume for 
1X80 is published by N. W, Ayer & Sons, of 
Philadelphia, Pa. It is carefully prepared and 
contains a complete list of all newspapers pub¬ 
lished in the United States and Canada. The 
population of every State, county, and every 
place whore a newspaper is published, is given, 
as well as the political majorities aud the 
votes easi for minor presidential candidates. 
A valuable book for advertisers. Price $3.00. 
Methods of Analysis of Commercial 
Fertilizers. —Proceedings of the third an¬ 
nual convention of official agricultural chem¬ 
ists. A Government pamphlet. 
Condition of Dairying in the Principal 
Dairy States for the season of 1885.—From 
the Agricultural Department. 
Society for the Promotion of Agricul¬ 
tural Science.—P roceedings of the seventh 
annual meeting. 
Kansas State Board of Agriculture.— 
Reports for the months of August and Sep¬ 
tember. 
Massachusetts Horticultural Society. 
—Transactions for the year 1880. Part 1. 
President Chamberlain’s Inaugural Ad¬ 
dress at the commencement of the Iowa State 
Agricultural College should be read by every 
farmer—indeed, by everyone. W. I. Cham¬ 
berlain has shown himself to be a good, true 
man, and the college ami people of Iowa may 
rest assured that whatever he undertakes he 
will carry through with all his might, aud he 
has both the education and the practical farm 
experience which, guided by sound judgment, 
will render his work most effective. 
Industrial education needs no defence, he 
says, in the bouse of its friends. Only those 
who are ignorant of the fact longer sneer at 
agricultural and industrial colleges. . . . 
Cornell, in New York, and the State Agri¬ 
cultural and Mechanical Colleges of Michigan, 
Iowa, aud Kansas, for example, have reached 
that stage of wide and prosperous usefulness 
that cares little for carping criticism or at¬ 
tempted ridicule. . . . 
For ninuy centuries the schools aud colleges 
trained the mind alone, to the neglect of the 
eye, the hand, the body. They gave an edu¬ 
cation, passive rather than active: knowledge, 
rather than the power to use it; they taught 
to be, rather than to do; they hewed timber, 
but never built the house. The eye was sim¬ 
ply used, uot trained; used, too, mainly as a 
mere avenue to the mind, or a means of con¬ 
veying to it language, and thought through 
language. . . . 
Blunder or not, the facts are that we have 
these bodies; that they are integral and in¬ 
separable parts of that personality we call our¬ 
selves; that when these bodies are properly fed 
and cared for, aud the laws of their organism 
obeyed, they are healthy, and our minds can 
work well, otherwise not; that they, the bodies, 
not only furnish the only avenues through 
which our minds are sensibly reached, inform¬ 
ed, educated, made happy; but the only means 
by which that education may be made of any 
value to the world*. . . . 
The trained mind can work well only in aud 
through a healthy and well trained body. 
On the the other hand, the trained eye and hand 
aud body are little worth without the trained 
mind to guide them. Aud yet our schools 
BE© 41 
have trained the minds and neglected the 
bodies of one set of men, and our farms, trade 
and machine simps have trained the bodies 
and neglected the minds of another set of men 
and then we have wondered that the world’s 
progress was so slow. The college graduate of 
thirty years ago. after twelve years at school 
and college spent mainly iu studying words, 
language, thought, abstract relations, and 
knowledge of the past, the absolute and the 
necessary, found himself suddenly launched 
into a world of living men aud concrete facts. 
Now lie must meet men as rivals and antag¬ 
onists. not as fellow students or kindly, help¬ 
ful instructors. He must handle tools and 
machines, and deal with forces of which he 
has scarcely even read. He knew much; much 
too, that was valuable as a mental training, 
and indirect ly valuable in some line of pro¬ 
fessional work, but be could do little in the 
way of the world’s widely varied activities; 
for he had not been trained. Yes, he had 
been trained to think and speak but not. to do; 
and he soon found that thoughtful doing in 
this world is m far greater demand than 
thought and speech without the doing. His 
college course had almost ignored industrial 
pursuits aud the training that fits for them, 
though the whole fabric of modern civilized 
society rests upon and is fashioned by indus¬ 
trial pursuits. His college course of thirty 
years ago trained simply mind aud tongue 
and pen to form aud utter thought, not eye 
aud hand and body, as skilful agents of the 
mind, to do its bidding. . , . 
If the thinkers had been trained to do aud 
the doers to thiuk, what an uplifting of the 
human race there would have beeu. It takes 
both mind aud body, both thinking and doing, 
both knowledge and skill to subdue the earth 
and make the mighty forces of nature do man’s 
bidding. Then whj r not train mind and hand 
and eye together. Why train the mind alone 
of oue set of men, and the hands or eyes alone 
of another set of' men, only to work at cross 
purposes? Why “put asunder what God hath 
joined together.” Why refuse to see that 
“knowledge is power' * 1 only when it is applied 
knowledge? . . . 
What might uot our schools of learning 
have done for the race, had they 20 centuries 
ago begun the kind of work, studied the class 
of subjects and used the inodes and means of 
training and research now found iu our best 
t«cht,ol> gteal sell, hi! Fit 20 centuries the 
schools, one might almost say, redug the 
mines, replowed the fields, and thrashed again 
the straw of Grecian learning. They imitated 
the Greeks Instead of emulating their origi¬ 
nality. They garnered precious seed, and, 
fearing to plant, it lest it should be lost to the 
world, they wrapped it as iuthe winding-sheet 
of an Egyptian mummy aud kept it safe for 
centuries. Like Lot’s wife, they looked back, 
and like her they seemed turned into pillars of 
salt—salt to preserve the learning of the 
past. . . . 
This method of training hand and eye and 
body with the mind, develops the physical 
powers, invigorates tlu* health and utilizes the 
natural force and bodily activity that might 
Otherwise go to college deviltry and even to 
vice and sin. In point of fact, “class rushes,” 
“hazing,” and other tricks and evil deeds of 
boyish exuberance, are far more rare iu 
schools pervaded with the industrial idea; for 
“Satan finds some mischief still 
For idle hands to do” 
even if the mind is kept active. The young 
man’s physical energy must have a physical 
safety valve. . . . 
The physical with the metaphysical aud 
literary studies give better discipline than the 
latter can do without the former, aud we don’t 
propose to discard, but wisely to use. the 
literary, historical and metaphysical with the 
physical. In short, to make the college courae 
“broad, liberal and practical” as required by 
law. . . . 
Third, and most important, the experiment¬ 
al, industrial or laboratory method of study 
aud instruction, not only gives the student the 
power to use his knowledge to advantage, but 
even gives him a far better and fuller under¬ 
standing of the theoretical. You learn little 
of chemistry from book and teacher alone. 
You must handle your own blow-pipe aud 
chemicals before you know them, and not 
merely about them. You learn little of geolo¬ 
gy from books, without a working cabinet 
and a teacher to show you how io use it. 
Show the actual tilings that the books des¬ 
cribe, in quarry, mine, railway cut or tunnel, 
or upheaved mountain rocks, where nature’s 
mighty forces formed and modified our earth, 
and left there the visible “footprints of the 
Creator.” The senses must be used OU sensible 
objects, uud trained to clear perception. 
Though we describe a strawberry over so 
minutely to him who has never seen oue, ho 
gets no notion of it. But if he sees, smells and 
eats one he knows what a strawberry is. 
Long verbal descriptions of Alpine charms 
convey little idea, while actual sight or even 
