pay for farm produce than the veteran farmer 
from Goshen did for his, as 44 cents per bushel 
has been the lowest for corn sold; 25 cents per 
bushel for oats sold for shipment to New 
York by boat in the Fall: $1 for wheat, while 
in 1837 it was sold for §3. Throe cents a pound 
for beef, and 8l,j cents for pork are the low¬ 
est prices taken from my farm sales book in 
tbe good old times of my beginning farming; 
while oats reached 50 cents per bushel and 
pork 10 cents a pound m the hog, before the 
war: which are tin- times many farmers call 
the “good old times,’ 1 when taxes were cheap 
compared with those we have to pay at pres¬ 
ent. Labor was also cheaper and better than 
now, especially farm labor. Wool brought a 
much better price years ago than now. My 
first sale was at 35 cents per pound, against 
25 the past few years. When farmers com¬ 
plain of low prices and high taxes at the pres¬ 
ent time, I do not think they should be ac¬ 
cused as grumblers without cause. No one 
wishes the world to revolve backwards, but 
very many do wish for an honest and econom¬ 
ical administration of public affairs, and as a 
consequence a very much lower rate of taxa¬ 
tion would be the result. My advice to the 
veteran farmer of Goshen, is to make butter of 
his milk, and sell it for 75 cents a pound. He 
is losing fearfully in selling his butter below 
•li), as he says he is. The above statement of 
old times is from another veteran farmer, 
Oneida Co , N. Y. Jonathan taloott. 
CORRESPONDENTS' VIEWS. 
No Dudeism on the Farm,— Some time 
since Prof. (Roberts I think) advised farmers 
to wear gloves while at work, to prevent hard¬ 
ening and otherwise iujuring the appearance 
of the bauds, and gave the girls some advice 
as to the treatment of those who did otherwise. 
Does the Prosessor wish us to wear veils to 
preveut tanning our faces ? There is just as 
much uecessity I tbiuk. After work is done 
the farmers may fuss over their hands as they 
choose; but 1 hardly tbiuk thateven Professor 
Roberts can induce many farmers to wear 
gloves for any length of time while at work 
'except in severe weather or unusual work. 
For durlug warm weather if made of leather, 
they are clumsy and warm so as t > be uncom¬ 
fortable, and, if uf cloth, they would last but 
a short time and still he open to ma.iv' of the 
same objections, aud at some kinds of work 
requiring much finger-labor farmers will 
throw the gloves aside rather than be both¬ 
ered and delayed, as no one can do the major¬ 
ity of work as easily or as well with tbe gloves 
as without. For instance, try to pick up a 
pin with them, and even in such rough work 
as chopping wood in cold weather, choppers 
throw them aside as soon as their bauds are 
warm, os without them they can hold on to 
their tools more easily. 
As to the girls, I agree with the Professor 
that if they are ashamed of the young men on 
account of personal appearance, they had 
certainly better lot them alone, and I can say 
further that the girls that are ashamed of our 
bauds because they are tanned with honest 
toil, are not the kind that we farmers want 
for our wives, and with the Professor I advise 
them not to marry us—if they get a chance— 
but they had better take some white-faced, 
white-banded “counter jumper” for whom 
they are better adapted. 
Norfolk Co., Va. everett e. brown. 
“Fast” and “Slow” Times Cause Loss of 
Time.— In traveling through Ohio and West¬ 
ern Pennsylvania I found that people are 
losing much time in a singular way. They 
have suu or. common time generally called 
“fast time”, and standard or middle time 
(Called “slow time.” The difference between 
.the two varies from 20 to 40 minutes. The 
railroads are run by “standard” time, while 
most clocks and watches are run by sun or 
•“fast” time. People who travel frequently 
have watches and clocks set by one time or 
the other, and add to, or subtract from the 
Apparent time, us the case may be. Farmers 
aud others who travel but little, leave home 
on “sun” time, and find themselves half an 
hour or so ahead when they reach the train. 
This difference in reckoning results in a great 
loss of time and temper. Confusion aud 
delays come from it. It seems as though the 
best way to remedy the trouble would he to 
briug about a general adoption of railroad or 
staudard time. If this were done, it might 
seem for a time that the sun rose a little later, 
aud that darkness came a little earlier, but 
after people were used to it it would seem 
right, and surely many delays would be done 
away with. j. h. g. 
Queeus Co., N. Y. 
Political Economy for Farmers.—W e 
like to road the ideas of Bucephalus Brown, 
but we like best of all the suggestions regard¬ 
ing the study of political economy by farmers. 
Questions pertaiuiug to it are now under dis¬ 
cussion. Will not farmers take a hand and 
bring out their side? Surely such questions 
relate to farmers in a wonderful degree. Far¬ 
mers cannot do better than to dig into these 
things. Buy an elementary work on politi¬ 
cal economy, you men who are all the time 
complaining about the unjustness of the far¬ 
mer’s lot, but are so misty as to the reasons 
you assign for it. Spend the winter evenings 
in mastering its contents, and see if your ideas 
do not broaden out and lighten up before 
Spring. I know they will because I have 
tried this thing. jayhawker. 
POTATO-ROT. 
Thinking that perhaps the scab in potatoes 
might be produced from some germ adherent 
to the seed, I, last May, put the sets for four 
rows into a very dilute solution of carholic 
acid in water, and let them remain in it about 
an hour. Wheu I dug these rows, aud those 
adjoining, all of a good productive white sort, 
there was not much difference as to scab, all 
having some ot‘it: but the rows from dipped 
sets, were injured rather the least. There is, 
however, a decided difference in regard to 
rot: only two tubers were affected visibly in 
those four rows, while in others many were 
damaged. But as ‘ one swallow does not 
make a Summer,' so one trial does not test a 
process, and the carbolizing must' be tried 
again. Experience here seems to show that 
the scab is caused by larvae whose term of life 
expires early in August. They come with 
some sorts of animal manures, if not already 
in the soil. Where soil from the grading of a 
houseyard was hauled to a potato patch and 
spread over part of it. the scab was general so 
far as that went. In the earliest dug potatoes 
a small.active,many--legged and two-horned al¬ 
most transparent caterpiller like grub was 
found, by thf aid of a magnifier in some of 
the deeper scab cavities. Excrement re¬ 
mained in abundant droppings. The tuber is 
entirely good excepting the portions eateu out, 
and the film of scab is easily scraped away. 
Some rows of the same ground had about a 
quart of coal ashes put in tbe furrow at each 
bill, and the sets were buried iu it. As far as 
that reached, the tubers were fair and clean 
with very little exception, and there were hut 
very few eases of rot. gardener. 
CLOVER IN TENNESEE. 
I was told before leaving the North that 
clover would not. grow here, and that I could 
not get the advantage of that great fertilizer. 
Lying near my bouse is a field that was seed¬ 
ed in the Spring of 1878 to common Red Clov¬ 
er. It, has been mowed four years in sucees- 
sion.and has raised each year a crop of clover- 
seed, and as there was no buller, it was 
thrashed with a flail. Two crops of corn were 
then made on the ground, and last Spring a 
crop of oats was sowed. This fall there is as 
good a stand of clover upon the ground as 
ever, from the seed that remained in the soil. 
The Southern-bom people never sow it, as 
they say it is impossible to get it out of the 
ground when once caught. We have a very 
fine country aud climate in I .aw re nee County, 
aud now that emigration has set in southward, 
it will be rapidly settled no doubt. 
Lawrence Co,, Teun. V. s. pease. 
Fertilizers for Potatoes.— Mapcs’ Pota¬ 
to Fertilizers on very poor soil, using 1,000 
pounds per acre, gave us n yield of 300 bushels 
of the best tubers 1 ever saw. The best hill 
gave 10 potatoes weighiug six pounds. A very 
large number would weigh two pounds each 
One bag of Mapes potato tuauure saved till 
August 10, and sowed on three-quarters of an 
acre of out stubble, gave more than 100 bushels 
of English turnips. I think I never expended 
$40 to better advantage than when I bought a 
ton of this potato fertilizer. 
Charlton, Mass. e. c. 
farm Canumiu. 
PARIS-GREEN us. SLUG-SHOT. 
a question of economy. 
In these days of dull markets and low prices 
the question of economy is specially important 
to the farmer. I see that some of our best 
farm papers continue to souud the praises of a 
mixture of Paris-green aud plaster, that for 
several years has been offered tor sale and ex. 
tensively advertised under the name “Slug- 
Shot.” 1 know, and suppose every reader of 
the Rural knows, that this mixture is excel¬ 
lent for destroying many of our most trouble¬ 
some insects. I have not the least objection 
to calling it “Slug-Shot,” for this is a shorter 
name than “Paris-green aud Plaster.” I do 
do not see that it is worth while, however, to 
pay $8 to $10 in cash for 100 pounds of this 
mixture, put up in neat packages and labeled 
“Slug-Shot” when I can buy the ingredients 
and mix them myself at a cash outlay of $1.25 
to $1.50. 
Mr. Hammond’s advertised retail prices for 
Slug-Shot are four to five cents per pouml. 
This makes it cost $80 to $100 per ton. A ton 
of Nova Scotia plaster is worth about $7, and 
a good quality' of Paris-green can be had at 
retail at 40 cents per pound. One pound of the 
poison to 100 of the plaster is abundance; for 
the last two seasons I have used only one to 
150. This makes the Paris-green for a ton of 
plaster worth from $8 down to $5.33. and the 
ingredients for a ton of the mixture are worth 
$15 or $12.33. I can have my man do the mix¬ 
ing in had weather, so that the labor costs 
very little. 
To be sure, Mr. Hammond puts in some¬ 
thing else—oxide of iron, I believe—which he 
claims is an antidote for the Paris-green when 
eaten by man or domestic animals; but which 
for some unexplained reason fails to act when 
an insect eats it. I am assured by one of the 
best chemists in New York State that this 
oxide of iron acts as an antidote but for a 
very short time after it is put in. and that 
even if its action were permanent, it has no 
power of discrimination between insects and 
domestic animals. This part of the claim 
must certainly be regarded as a myth. 
But for this claim it should not be said that 
the manufacturer of Slug-Shot is doing an il¬ 
legitimate business. He advertises and sells 
an excellent insecticide. The ouly question 
is, can the farmer afford to pay so large a 
bounty for nuxing ingredients that he can 
readily mix for himself ? 
Geneva, N. Y. e. s. goff. 
Live Stock for Manure.— The farmers 
around here who have the most to say about 
hard times are those who have been keeping 
the least stock. As a result of their scrimping 
ou the manure pile, their farms don't produce 
half what they should. Such people come 
aud ask me if it pays to keep cows, hogs, colts 
and so many turkeys. I can only say, “See 
what my farm produces by the side of yours." 
For years I have drawn fay manure directly' 
from the stable to top-dress the rye. In this 
way I save all tbe urine. The manure is saved 
from spring freezing and thawing and one 
handling is done away with. 
Albany Co., N. Y. s. m. lagraxge. i 
‘'Every Man is presumed to know the Law. 
Nine-tenths of all Litigation arises from Ig¬ 
norance of Law." 
Here are some recent decisions of the 
Courts in various States, which are of special 
interest to farmers. The laws vary consider¬ 
ably in the different. States, yet, as a rule, 
decisions in oue have great influence on de¬ 
cisions in all the others, uuless the law on 
the points is distinctly' different. 
Liability of wife's separate property 
given as security for her husband’s 
DEBTS —"Where a husband is insolvent, and 
his wife executes a deed of trust conveying 
her separate property as security for the pay¬ 
ment of her husband’s debts, and on this 
ground he is granted an extension, the consid¬ 
eration is sufficient to support tbe deed. If 
fraud has been used to secure the conveyance, 
the wife must move, immediately upon dis¬ 
covering the fraud, to rescind the conveyance 
or the deed Will be upheld. —Burkle vs. Levy, 
July 28,1880.—Cal. 
Dower. —In 1875 the Minnesota legislature 
passed an act abolishing dower, aud giving to 
the wife, upon the death of her husband, a 
life interest in the homestead aud one-third in 
fee iu any other real property of which the 
husband died seized. W here prior to the pas¬ 
sage of this act a husband had convoyed lands 
iu which conveyance his wife did not join, 
her right of dower in such lands was incohate 
and was abolished by said enactment—Mor¬ 
rison us. Rice.—Filed July 14, 1880,—Minn. 
Mortgage for More Than the Debt.— 
Where a chattel mortgage is made for more 
than the actual debt it is a badtre of fraud. 
In such case where a sou gave a chattel mort¬ 
gage to his mother for $350 more than the real 
debt and the mortgagee had said to a third 
party “she knew the mortgage was drawn for 
more tbau Frank owed her, but she thought it 
would keep his creditors off.” Held that the 
mortgage was fraudulent and void as to cred¬ 
itors. Taylor tvs, Wood—N. J., September 
29, 188ti. 
Homestead.—Effect of Mortgage in 
Which the Wife Does Not Join.— A hus¬ 
band, the owner of a homestead, cannot make 
a valid mortgage ou his homestead without his 
wife joining iu the same. If there be parts of 
a tract of laud owned by him which is uot em¬ 
braced in the homestead, this rule does not 
apply to such portions of his lands. Swift vs. 
Dewey.—September 15, 1889, Neb. 
If’ FI. L., Indianapolis, Ind. —1. In the 
transfer columns of the daily papers we often 
see such notices as this—Martha Hunt and 
husband to Gideon Dunham—Then the trans¬ 
ferred real estate is described: now if Martha’s 
husband was in debt to me before Martha be¬ 
gan to sell real estate could I collect the debt 
from any real estate they yet own? 2. H. 
buys goods from CL while a single man; while 
still in debt lie marries, does his doing so free 
him from the obligation of paying for tbe 
goods he bought before the wedding? 3. A. 
owes B. for groceries; while tbe debt is unpaid 
A transfers his property to his wife; can the 
bill be collected from the transferred property, 
aud if A dies is the transferred estate responsi¬ 
ble for the debt? 4. Can a garnishee on a 
married man’s wages in this State be col¬ 
lected? 
A ns. —1. When a wife sells real estate of her 
own. the husband joins in tbe deed to extin¬ 
guish the rights of joiut tenancy, which he 
possesses and which give him the privilege of 
holding possession of his wife’s property as 
tenant by courtesy while he lives. He has no 
estate in the property which could be levied 
on under any judgment. 2. This depends upon 
the local law relating to the garnishee of a 
married man's credit. In many Western 
States a married man’s wages are not subject 
to garnishee. If this man earns wages after 
he is married, it is clear he is not subject to 
garnishee because of his exemption, aud his 
previous debts cannot be collected in this way. 
3. The transfer of property to a wife under 
the circumstances would in all probability be 
held to be a fraud and would be void. A trans¬ 
fer for a proper consideration would be law¬ 
ful, but one without consideration would not 
stand against the collection of a debt. 4. If 
the man is a resident of Indiana and his wages 
are exempt from garnishee, they cannot be at¬ 
tached for debt. 5. We doa't understand the 
“beer” question. 
B. B. R .. Green/awn, N. Y.—A sells his 
farm to B aud takes a mortgage for a part of 
the purchase money, but neglects to get the 
mortgage recorded. B borrows money of C, 
who on searching tbe record finds uothing 
against the property and therefore lends the 
money on mortgage. Between the time of 
searching the record and lending the money 
A records the mortgage. The two mortgages 
come to more than the farm is worth; what 
can C do to collect the money from A or B. 
Ans.—I f B makes no secret of the prior 
mortgage to A and did not make any false 
statement in regard to it, C has no remedy for 
his own failure to make himself safe by hav¬ 
ing the mortgage recorded before he parted 
with his money. In affording this opportun¬ 
ity during the short time elapsing before the 
money was paid over, he made an error and 
can blame nobody but himself for his careless¬ 
ness. It B made auy false statement aud de¬ 
nied any prior mortgage or made any repre¬ 
sentation teuding to mislead C, he may be 
prosecuted criminally for obtaining money un¬ 
der false pretences. v 
h. VI. L.. W estchester Oo. N. I .—Is an alien 
liable for taxes on personal property iu this 
State? 
Ans.—I n this State there is no distinction 
between a resident alien and a citizen in the 
matter of taxation. 
pi.srcUanrousi Advertising. 
Rheumatism 
51 © doubt if there is. or can be, a specific- 
remedy for rheumatism; but thousands who 
have suffered its pains have beeu greatly ben 
efited by Hood's Sarsaparilla. If you have failed 
to lind relief, try this great remedy. It corrects 
the acidity of the blood which is the cause of the 
disease, and builds up the whole system. 
" 1 w:is afflicted with rheumatism twenty years 
I rerious to 1SSS I found no relief, but grew worse, 
until l was almost helpless. Hood’s Sarsaparilla 
did me more good th.au all the other medicine 
1 over had.” H. T. Balcom. Shirley Village, Mass. 
Hood’s Sarsaparilla 
Sold by all druggists. Si; six for $ 5 . Made 
only by C. L HOOD & OO., Lowell, Mass. 
IOO Doses One Dollar . 
GOLD MEDAL, PARIS, 1378, 
BAKER’S 
Warranted absolutely pure 
Cocoa, from which the excess of 
B ^ has been removed. It has t *■ ~te 
hjj ’ (MYx times the strength of Cocoa mixed 
IM] !\'\ \\ wfih Btarch, Arrowroot or Sugar, 
I tin ** therefore far more economi- 
Ul i l|w enh costing Use than one cent a 
(f3a I UVA cup. It is delicious, nourishing, 
MK| j j Bn Strengthening, easily digested, and 
1 / I b admirably adapted for invalids as 
'I .dwell as for persons in health. 
Sold by Grocers ev erywhere. 
W. BAKER & CO., Dorchester, Mass. 
