DISTRICT OF TKOASv 
Thus far of Bonarbashy, its springs and its antiquities.— 
Baring the rest of our residence in the place, we made several 
excursions into the plain, revisiting the objects before describ¬ 
ed. I crossed the whole district, in different directions, not 
less than seventeen times ; bat have preferred giving the reader 
the result of my observations in a continued narration rather 
than in the exact order of their occurrence ; as this must ne¬ 
cessarily have introduced superfluous and wearisome repeti¬ 
tions.* I took the following bearings by the polar star. Due 
north of Bonarbashy stands the hill of Tchiblack. To the west 
lies Tenedos; and in the same line, nearer to the eye, is the 
tomb of zEsyeies. The springs are toward the south;. and the 
tumuli, upon the heights behind Bonarbashy, to the southeast 
Lemnos, and a line of islands, are seen from the heights, bear¬ 
ing from southeast toward the northwest. 
On the eighth ©f March, the memorable day on which our 
troops under General Abercrombie were landed m Egypt, and 
while that event was actually taking place, we left Bonarbashy, 
determined, if possible* to trace the Mender to its source, in 
Blount Ida, about forty miles up the country. Distances in Tur¬ 
key being everywhere estimated according to the number of 
hours in which caravans of camels, preceded by an ass, are occu¬ 
pied in performing them, the reader is requested to consider every 
such hour as equivalent to three of our English miles. After ri¬ 
ding, according to this estimate, an hour and a half toward the 
southeast, we descended to the village of Araplar. We afterward 
proceeded through a valley, where we observed, in several places, 
the appearance of regular basaltic pillars. Thence, entering a de¬ 
file of the mountains, very like some of the passes in the Tirol, 
we were much struck with the grandeur of the scenery. Shep¬ 
herds were playing their reed pipes among the rocks, while 
herds of goats and sheep were browsing on the herbage near 
the bed of the torrent. We passed a place called Sarmo said- 
diy cupre , an old cemetery, on the left hand side of the road. 
In this, by way of gravestone, was placed a natural basaltic 
% During these excursions, I collected several plants which deserve notice. Leon- 
i lice kontopetaluni, or true, lion's leaf, flourished in different parts of the plain. The 
blossoms are yellov/, with a tinge of green, in large leafy bunches ; fhe leaves almost 
like those of a pseony, and the root of a bulb, resembling that of the cyclamen, but 
larger. This curious and beautiful plant is not yet introduced into any English gar¬ 
den. Also scirpus holoschxnus, the cluster-headed clubrush . This is found in England, 
upon the coast of Hampshire, and in Devonshire. Trifolium unif orum, or solitary 
flowered trefoil. Atr.actylis humilis, the dwarf rayed thistle. Hypecoum imberhc,. tire 
*beardless horned cumin, ’ described by Dr. Smith in the Prodromes to Dr. Sibthorpe’s 
Flora Gmca. A nondescript horned cumin, with very sharp leaves, and much-branched 
flower-stalks. The popoy, anemone coronaria, was common every where, 
H 
