132 .$LARKE 9 S TRAVELS. 
on the western side of the mole, not included in the view then 
presented to us. According to the interesting observations of 
Mr. Morritt, given below, in an extract from his manuscript 
journal, that mole is now become an isthmus; connecting the 
one of their assaults upon the city. Diodorus Siculus mentions this fortress as the 
dxp&roAis-, Acropolis, (lib. xvii. p. 178. vol. II. Wesseling.) From his ■writings, or at 
lea's! from the same source, Arrian seems to have collected most of the details of Alex* 
ander’s famous siege. The citadel and fountain of Salmacis, on the western horn, 
and that on the island of. Arconnesus, continued to resist the Macedonians after the 
Arx Media and the city were destroyed. They probably therefore were the double 
Acropolis mentioned by Strabo ; but the third is certainly mentioned both by Diodo¬ 
rus, Arrian, and Vitruvius ; and as certainty its remains are seen behind the thea¬ 
tre, though Choiseul considers the Acropolis here as only meaning an elevated part of 
ike city , a mode of expression not at all usual to Greek writers. 
“ 15th June. We tried to procure permission from the disdar, the Turkish go¬ 
vernor of the castle, to see the interior of that fortress ; but after a long negotiation, 
r;e were at last onl ^permitted to walk with a janissary round the outward ramparts, 
his jealousy not permitting the inner gates to be opened into the court. The castle is 
a work of modern date, but built, in a great degree, of ancient materials, confusedly 
put together in the wails. There is a plate which gives a correct notion of its general 
appearance, in the Voyage Pittoresque. We found over the door an ill-carved lion, 
and a mutilated b-ust of ancient w r ork. Old coats of arms, the remains probably of the 
crusaders, and the knights of St John of Rhodes, are mixed in the walls with many 
precious fragments of the finest periods of Grecian art. There are several pieces of 
an ancient frieze, representing the combats of Theseus and the Amazons, of which 
the design and execution are equal to those which Lord Elgin brought over from the 
Paifhenon. These are stuck in the wall, some of them reversed, some edgewise, and 
some which have probably been better preserved by having the curved side toward 
the wail, and inserted in it. No entreaties nor bribes could procure these at the time 
we were abroad; but now if they could be procured, they would form, I think, a most 
valuable supplement to the monuments already brought hither from Athens. From 
my recollection of them, I should say they were of a higher finish, rather better pre¬ 
served, and the design of a date somewhat subsequent to those of Phidias, the propor¬ 
tions less massive, and the. forms of a softer, more flowing, and less severe character, 
it is probable that these beautiful marbles were taken from the celebrated Mauso¬ 
leum . of this, however, no other remains are discoverable in those parts of the town 
we were permitted to examine. I found an inscription this day, near a fountain in 
the town, containing hexameter and pentameter lines, on the consecration, or dedica¬ 
tion, of some person to A.pollo. 
“ 16th June.—We examined the general situation of the town : this is already de¬ 
scribed, and we searched in vain for traces of the Mausoleum. The view of Cos ami 
of the gulph are beautiful; and there is a picturesque little port behind the castle, to 
f he east, shut in by the rock of the Arconnesus. This was the little port seen from 
the palace of the Carian kings, which stood in the old Acropolis,where the castle now 
is, although Arrian places this Acropolis (tv to vhcrco) on the island itself. 
“ 25th June.— We again set off early, and 'doubling the western point of oUr little 
harbour as the day broke, we saw, in another small creek, a few remains of ruined 
walls, the vestiges of the ancient Bargasa, enumerated by Strabo after Keramos, in 
his description of the gulph, With some trouble, after standing northward for some 
hours, we*doubled Cape Crio, under a very heavy swell, and soon ran before the wind 
into the southern harbour of Cnidus: at the mouth of this we moored, under a rocky 
shore near the eastern extremity of the city walls. Some large stones* wdiich have 
served for the foundation of a tower, are still seen on the edge of the sea. Mounting 
t he rock, extending along the shore, we came in view of the broken cliffs of the Acro¬ 
polis, and its ruined walls. The foundation and lower courses of the city avails are 
also visible : these extend from those of the Acropolis to the sea, and have been 
strengthened by towers, now also in ruins. Above us, we found a building (See B. of 
the Plan ) whose use I am unable to explain. It was a plain wall of brown stone, with 
a semicircle in the centre, and a terrace in front, supported by a breastwork of ma¬ 
sonry, facing the sea. The wall was about ten or twelve feet in height, solidly built 
of hewn stone, but without ornament. We now turned westward, along the shore,. 
The hill on our right was a steep slope, covered with old foundations and traces of 
buildings ; behind these rose the rocky points and higher eminences, where the Acro¬ 
polis is situated. We soon came to the theatre, whereof the marble seats remain, 
although mixed with bushes, and overturned. The arches and walls of the proscenium 
are cow a he'ap of ruins on the gtound. A large torso of a female figure with drapery, 
