CYPRUS. 
203 
as the hit th place of Apollonius, a disciple of Hippocrates 5 aocl 
of ^eno, who, being shipwrecked upon the coast of Attica, from 
aPhoenician merchant became founder of the Stoics, and had 
for his illustrious followers, Epictetus and Seneca. According 
to Plutarch, it was with the sword presented by a king of Citi¬ 
um that Alexander triumphed over Darius.* This weapon 
was held by him in such estimation, that he always wore it up¬ 
on his person. The same author also informs us, that at the 
siege of Citium, Cimon, son of Miltiades, received the wound 
whereof he died. It is quite uncertain when this city was de¬ 
stroyed. Mariti believes that event did not take place later 
than the beginning of the third century.f In 1767, an exca¬ 
vation being made to procure from its ruins materials for build¬ 
ing, the workmen discovered a marble bust of Caracalla, some 
medals of Septimius Severus, Autoninus Caracalla, and Julia 
Domna, with Greek inscriptions. Upon their obverse sides were 
exhibited the temple of Paphos,| with the legend koinonkt- 
uplqn. Some of them had the image of Caracalla on one side, 
Cyprus. The author believes he shall contribute to the reader’s gratification, by in¬ 
serting from that work, which is now rare, the observations concerning the name of 
the island. “ This island, which all the Greek and Latin authors have called KuTrpo^ 
or Cyprus , and which is designated under that name in the New Testament, had been 
known under that of Chetima, or of Chetim , among the Hebrews; as Josephus relates 
in the first book, chap. 7. of his Jewish antiquities; deriving it from Cketimos, or 
Chetim, son of Javan, son of Japhet, eon of Noah, who, in the division of territories, 
had the first possession of this isle. Thence it followed, that all islands, and mari ■ 
time places, were called Chetim by the Hebrews. He supports this opinion, by 
showing that Citium, is a name corrupted from that of one of the cities of the island, 
which is derived from the appellation Chetim , borne by the whole island ; ‘/or,’ says 
he, * it was called Citium by those who wished to render, by a Grecism, the name of 
Ghetimos , of Chittem , or of Chetim , which seems couched under that of Citium. St. 
Jerom relates [Comment, in Esgi. in Traduct. Hebr. in Genes.] that some authors have 
translated the word Chetim, in the prophet Isaiah, by that of Cyprus ; and that the 
Chetims are the Cyprians, w hence a city of the island still bore,tin his time, the name 
of Citium. Theodoret, [In Heremi , c. 2.] shows that it is called Chetim in the Pro¬ 
phet Jeremiah, and Zonoras [2. c. 2. v. 9 Annal. ] affirms that Cheiima is the island 
which the Greeks call Ku7rpo?, whereof Chetim , great grandson of Noah, had been the 
original possessor.” Les Isles de VArcMpeL par Dapper , Jurist, 1702. p.21. 
* The reverend and learned Dr. Henly, writing to the author upon the circum¬ 
stance here noticed, makes the following remarks: “ You mention,” says he, “ the 
sword presented to Alexander by the king of Citium. It is to be observed, that the 
prophecy of Balaam closes with the following prediction : ‘ Ships shall come from Ike 
coast of Chittim, [i. e. Citium,] and shall afflict Assur, and shall afflict Eber, and he 
also shall perish for ever.' This prediction I propose hereafter more fully to illus¬ 
trate ; but at present shall only observe, that the naval armament, by which Alexan¬ 
der was alone enabled to overcome Tyre and the whole powder of the Persian empire 
by sea, was hiefty furnished to him from Cyprus, or Chittim. [See 1 Maccab. i. 1.) 
4 And it happened, after that Alexander, the son of Philip the Macedonian, mho came 
out of the land of Chetteim, had smitten Darius, king of the Persians and Medes, that 
he reigned in his stead the first over Greece.’ From not adverting to this historical 
fact, geographers have made a strange mistake, in supposing that Macedonia had been 
called Chittim; for Arrian, who has given a distinct account of Alexander’s maritime 
equipment, expressly mentions, that the reinforcement from Cyprus , consisted of 
one hundred and twenty ships, whilst from Macedonia he had but a single vessel. See 
Arrian, de Expeditione Alexandri, lib. ii. c. 20. 
f Mariti’s Travels, vol. i. p 61. 
1 1 have sever seen aoy medals corresponding with this description*, but they gre 
