•31‘© -CLARICE^ TIUTEI& 
CHAP. XVI. 
THE HOLY LAND—JSfAPOLOSE TO JERUSALEM; 
Journey to Jerusalem—Singular Cultivation of Juda a—Jacob's 
Field — Bethel—-Beer—Prospect of the Holy City—Formali¬ 
ties of a Public Entry—Reception by the inhabitants*—Gale 
of Damascus—Identity of w the Holy Places”—Visit to 
ike Governor—Convent of St. Salvador—Appearance of the 
Monks—Dormitory for Traveller s—Pilgrim'’ s Chamber- 
Convent Stores—Library—Exactions of the Turks—Manu¬ 
factures of Jerusalem—Mecca Fruit—Fetid Limestones— 
Water of the Dead Sea—Visit to “ the Holy Places” Se^ 
pul dire of the Messiah—Its Identity disputed—Its present 
Appearance—Other Rcliaues—Plan for the survey of the 
City—Sion Gate—Discovery made by the Author — Infer¬ 
ence derived from it—Possible Site of Golgotha , or Calva¬ 
ry'—Greek Inscriptions—Remarkable Tomb—Hebrew In¬ 
scriptions—Conjecture respecting Mount Sion. 
We left Napolose one hour after midnight, that we might 
reach Jerusalem eariy the same day. We were, however, 
much deceived concerning the distance. Our guides repre¬ 
sented the journey as a short excursion of five hours: it 
proved a most fatiguing pilgrimage of eighteen.* The road 
* Authors disagree very much concerning this distance. Reland, who compares 
the computed measure, by time, with the Roman miles (Vid. “ Mensurae quibus 
veteres locorum intervalla metiuntur,” Palaest. Xllust lib. ii. c. 1..) makes.an hour's 
jqurney equivalent to three miles; and this corresponds with its relative propor¬ 
tion to a French league, or to three English miles. But, in the valuable map where¬ 
in he has exhibited the distances o! places in Roman miles, from Josephus, Eusebius, 
Arrian, Diodorus Siculus/aod the Itinerary of Antoninus, (Vid. cap. 5. id. lib.) he 
states the distance between Napolose and Jerusalem as equal to forty Roman miles 
"hat is to say, twenty eight from Napolose to Bethel, and twelve from Bethel to 
Jerusalem. Again, in estimating the extent of the Holy Land (Vid. tom. I. p. 423, 
Traj Bat. 1714.) he gives, irom Josephus, Eusebius, and an ancient anonymous 
Itinerary, the following distances: 
Ab Hierosolymis ad Bethel, ex Itinerar. veter. Ilieros. et Eusebio., .mil. 12. 
Inde ad Neapolin. ex eodem Itiner.. , ... mil. 28, vel. 1 29. 
The fact is, that notwithstanding the numerous authors who have written in illustra¬ 
tion of the geography of this country, the subject still remains undecided. We have 
no accurate map of the Holy Land ; and w ere w f e to collect the distances fro,in books 
of Travels, the labour would be fruitless. Phocas, w'ho is generally accurate, states 
the distance between Samaria (i. e. Sichem, vel Neapolis) and Jerusalem most er¬ 
roneously ; making it only equal to eighty four stadia, or ten miles and a half. 
Afro rhj Ilajiapefos tecs rns ayias noXms ds\ cr.radia oySohmvia j'xTcapa. ■ “ A {Sama¬ 
ria ad sacram civitatem stadia numerantur quatuor et octaginta.” (Phocas Descript. 
T. S. cap. 14.) This would dnly allow a journey of three hours and a half. Maun* 
dtdll makes it eleven hours and thirty-five minutes, according to.the following state* 
