CULTIVATION OF THE FULLER’S TEASEL IN ESSEX 285 
Pier is aquilina (Brake or Bracken).—Very common and 
abundant. 
Polypodium vulgare (Polypody).—A Fern found on pollarded 
hornbeams and old stumps. Used to be abundant, but has been 
reduced in numbers by the continued removal of the roots. 
Ophioglossum vulgatum (the Adder’s-tongue).—This species 
is not well known, as it dies away early in the summer and is 
onty to be found by careful searching. Very abundant in places, 
and, I am glad to say, increasing in numbers. 
Lastrea filix-mas (Male-fern).—A fairly common plant, 
but does not grow in the forest to any great size. I have found 
only one really line specimen. 
Athyrium felix-fcemina (Lady-fern).—Not quite so common 
as the Male-fern, but there are some fine plants stiU existing. 
Lastrea dilatata (Broad Buckler-fern).—This is found often 
in the forest, but all the finest specimens have been removed 
one by one, and consequently the plants remaining average small 
size, with but lew exceptions. 
Lastrea oreopteris ( montanum ) (Mountain Buckler Fern), and 
Blechnum spicant (Hard Fern) grow together in one or 
two places, but are not common. 
Polypodium dryopteris (Oak-fern) and 
Asplenium trichomanes (Maidenhair Spleenwort).—Both these 
have been recorded in one or two places, but have now 
disappeared. 
These are the species which I have found actually growing 
in the forest, and I have photographs and preserved fronds of 
most of these for members to examine. I have also found 
Polystichum aculeatum, Asplenium ruta-muraria and Asplenium 
adiantum-nigrum in the neighbourhood of the forest, but not 
actually within its boundaries. 
CULTIVATION OF THE FULLER’S TEASEL 
IN ESSEX. 
By ALFRED W. DENNIS. 
(With Plate XIX.) 
I N August, 1909, while staying at an old farmhouse 
called Don John’s, near Halstead, Essex, I was much 
surprised to find the Fuller’s Teasel, Dipsacus fullonum, 
in cultivation at Burton’s Green, a hamlet near by. I had sup- 
