IX 
In the greater part of the order a single anther terminates the 
column. This is usually two-celled, but often has its cells divided into 
two or four other cavities, by the extension of the endothecium between 
the lobes of the pollen masses, or is occasionally more or less completely 
one-celled by the .absorption of the connective. In Ophrydeae it is erect, 
with a distinct connective and with the bases of the cells either parallel 
or diverging, and then its cells dehisce along their face. In Neottieae it 
is also erect, but appears to be dorsal instead of terminal, in consequence 
of the stigma being placed before it for its whole length. In the re¬ 
mainder of the order it falls prone upon the head of the column or 
the clinandrium, like a lid, and often is easily detached; sometimes 
this kind of anther originates from the margin of the clinandrium, some¬ 
times trom within the margin, in which case it is occasionally covered 
as by a hood, as in Cryptarrhena and other genera. 
The Pollen consists of lenticular or spheroidal grains, either single 
or cohering in pairs, threes, or fours, or in larger masses in indefinite 
number. The grains are usually held together by an elastic filamentous 
substance, which in all Ophrydeae, anti many others, forms an axis 
round which the grains or masses of grains are arranged, and which 
in a very large part ot the order assumes the appearance of a strap or 
caudicula. This body either contracts an adhesion with a gland origi¬ 
nating on the margin of the stigma, as in Ophrydeae, Neottieae and 
Validate, or it is folded upon the pollen masses as in Epidendreae, or it 
terminates in an amorphous dilatation as in many Malaxideae. In all 
cases it consists of cellular tissue, sometimes very lax and large and 
thin-sided as in Polystachya ramulosa, more generally very compact, 
tough, and thick-sided; towards the end which adheres to the stimnatic 
gland the tissue becomes elongated, but otherwise it is more or less 
lenticular. In Ophrydeae the caudicula is extended towards the base 
of the anther-cells; but in all the other divisions of the order, the 
caudicula, when present, is lengthened in the direction of the apex of 
the cells. 
Ihe pollen grains are filled with spherical molecules, having a 
motion on their own axis when suspended in water, and of unusually 
large size. Mr. Bauer generally represents them as escaping from the 
I 
