1903 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
45 
MARKET NOTES 
FARM HELP MARKET. 
A MVE QUESTION.—This always Im¬ 
portant matter takes on new life toward 
Spring. To many farmers it looks like a 
big interrogation point feathered out all 
over with little question marks. Some 
have changed their methods of farming 
and run into lines requiring little help. 
Others have had the hard experience of 
dragging through the past year with in¬ 
sufficient or incompetent help, and are 
anxious to avoid simiiar trouble the com¬ 
ing season. 
FOREIGNERS.—Naturally farmers look 
for relief to the swarms of immigrants 
from Europe arriving at New York and 
other Atlantic ports. As in previous years 
wc refer inquirers to the Labor Bureau, 
Battery Park, New York, W. IT. Meara, 
Superintendent. 'This is maintained by the 
Irish Emigrant Society and the German 
Society of the city of New York, but i.'< 
free to all nationalities, there being no 
charge to cither employer or employee. 
The proportion of competent farm hands 
among the immigrants who have no job in 
view is small, usually far less than the 
demands made upon the Bureau, particu¬ 
larly in late Winter; but if two or three 
weeks’ notice be given, they can frequently 
pick out a desirable man. It is always 
bettor to see the help personally before 
engaging, but the Bureau will send men 
when desired, if possible. In such (^ses 
the emi>loyer must advance money for car 
faro to destination, and as a safeguard 
tlic baggage checks are mailed to him. 
Tlicrc is no guarantee as to how the man 
will turn out. 
F.MtM OR SHOP.—A fair proportion of 
the "hired men” (perhaps three in five) 
wlio go to shops or city jobs would be 
better off financially had they stuck to the 
land. Those with special fitness for some 
other job better themselves, although they 
may have to work harder and under less 
congenial conditions. Few who are farm¬ 
ing for business rather than fun can afford 
to pay a man more than $20 per month and 
keep for the season of eight months, and 
one who is trying to handle 150 acres of 
poor land, with little capital, cannot afford 
to pay that, as the man, no matter how 
competent, cannot make himself worth so 
much under the qdverse conditions. In 
some cases tlie rye sown in Fall without 
manure or fertilizer, kills out so badly 
•luring Winter that oats are put on the 
land. These gel their lieads above ground 
and struggle along with a starved look 
until the middle of June, when they are 
turned under and buckwheat is sown as a 
last resort. Perhaps the yield may be a 
little more than enough to pay for the 
three lots of seed. We know farmers who 
actually do things in such a back-handed 
and upside-down way. They can scarcely 
afford to pay help more than $10 per month. 
This is one of the reasons why the scale 
of farm wages is below that of shop work. 
The proijortion of those who are farming 
as awkwarflly as in the case named above 
is small, but so many are eitiier working 
I no much land or mismanaging what they 
do handle, that Ihey cannot get nearly 
I he full possible value (d' the labor em¬ 
ployed. If manufacturers carried on their 
business in tlie same lines, tliey could not 
afford to pay more than average farm 
wages. On the other liand there are 
thorough-going farmers, favorably located, 
who pay shop wages. It is not claimed 
that the differences between the wage 
scales of farm and shop are due entirely 
to faulty management on the part of farm 
ers. 'fhere are natural disadvantages, 
such as soil witli no capacity for high pro¬ 
duction, distance from market, etc., which 
no amount of care on the part of farmers 
can overcome. The protective tariff on 
most manufactured goods is another item 
in favor of the shop, while the rank and 
file of farmers have but slight benefit from 
it. Farm machines have been blamed for 
driving men from the land, but it is their 
misuse that has done the damage. The 
tnower and reaper are great helps, but 
many have made the mistake, instead of 
improving their land so that it will yield 
more hay and grain, of spreauing out and 
trying to cover twice as much territory. 
'I'here is an illusion that the mower to pay 
for itself must be run over 50 acres instead 
of 25. But if the 25 acres by Improvement 
can be made to produce as much as the 
50 thin acres, the machine surely earns 
the same money and has less wear. Im¬ 
proved land provides for the employment 
of more men at better wages. In this way 
the farm can compete with the factory as 
a bidder for competent men. w. w. ii. 
LOW HEADED APPLE TREES. 
Uon't Hkad T>ow.— I was quite inter¬ 
ested in Mr. Vergon’s orchard. In 1876 I 
set out 100 trees on one aere, one rod one 
way, and two rods the other. 1 set them 
a good de.Tl deejier than they were in the 
nursery, and headed them low. 1 had 
•something In my mind, as he had, but 
after we had gathered apples a few years, 
1 .said 1 would trim them, so I could get 
* team along them the two-rod way at 
least, so I trimmed the other sides so 
they would not look too bad. It was a 
.serious job to gather the apples and cut 
the briers and weeds under them, but the 
trees did well and bore well. I do not 
think a common farmer who will not tend 
them as he should ought to head them so 
low. A. F. s. 
Bemus Point, N. Y. 
Apple Tree Matters.—I think that the 
illustrations on page 845, as well as the 
description, are misleading for the follow¬ 
ing reasons: My past experience with fruit 
trees as there represented and described 
has been that the fruit on the lower limbs 
will not “color up,” and a coloiless Ben 
Davis, Rome Beauty or even a Kieffer 
is very slow sale. Furthermore, it may 
not be at all necessary that a tree should 
be so low-headed to protect the stem from 
the sun as there represented. My long 
life as an horticulturist has taught me 
that one of the recpiisites of plant or tree 
growth is an abundance of fresh air; na¬ 
ture unassisted teaches us somewhat a les¬ 
son of this kind. As a matter of course, 
Mr. Vergon’s surroundings may be differ¬ 
ent from mine. We are all more or less 
prone to thorize. In regard to the advice 
given to H. J. M. on page 848, I will say 
that several years ago I received some 
trees from a leading nursery which were 
badly Infested with brown gall or aphis, 
or probably both. I dipped the roots In 
boiling water and it seemed to be a specific 
in this case; probably tobacco dust added 
to the water would make it more efficient. 
I know that it would be so. so far as I am 
individually concerned. w. j. 
Godfrey, Ill._ 
Swords and Plow-Shares, by Ernest 
Crosby. Funk & Wagnalls Co., New York. 
Price. .$1. A collection of satires on war 
and violence, and word pictures of rural 
life expressed in poetical style. The au¬ 
thor, In keen and biting verse, lays bare 
the unutterable humbug of our National 
theory of forcible yet benevolent assimila¬ 
tion of reluctant foreigners. There is little 
poetry in the conventional sense, but real 
and tender Insight in its many phases of 
country life among the “Farm Pictures.” 
Cider and Vinegar Making. By W. D. 
Carlisle, 356 Dearborn St., Chicago, Ill. 
The author has put into this 30-page 
pamphlet a large amount of Information 
on fruit juices, much of it the result of 
practical experience as an orchardist. 
Among other things are formulas for the 
making of cider, vinegar, sweet pickles 
and apple butter. The following is given 
as a solution for the preservation of apples 
in glass for exhibition: Hyposulphite of 
soda, one ounce; distilled water, six pints; 
alcohol, two pints. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See our guarantee 8th page. 
come haoitual to the dys¬ 
peptic. He looks on the 
dark side of things and 
every mole hill becomes a 
mountain. His condition 
affects his business judg¬ 
ment and mars his home 
relations. 
Dr. Pierce’s Golden Med¬ 
ical Discovery cures dys¬ 
pepsia and other diseases 
of the organs of digestion 
and nutrition. It gives 
buoyancy of mind as well 
as health of body because it removes the 
physicial cause of mental depression. 
It enables the perfect digestion and 
assimilation of food, and the body in 
strengthened by nutrition which is the 
only source of physical strength. 
"I was_afflicted with what the doctors called A 
nervous iiuligestiou. Took medicine from my 
family physician to no avail," writes Mr. Thos. 
G. Lever, of Lever, Richland Co., S. C. "At 
night would have cold or hot feet and hands, 
alternately. I was getting very nervous and 
.suffered a great deal mentally, thinking that 
death would .soon claim me. Always expected 
.something unusual to take place; rva.s irritable 
and impatient, and greatly reduced in flesh. I 
could .scarcely eat any thing that would not pro¬ 
duce a had feeling in my stomach. After some 
hesitation. I decided to'try a few bottles of Or. 
Pierce’s Golden Medical Drscoverv and ‘ Pellets.’ 
After taking several bottles of each, found I was 
improving. I continued for six months or more, 
off and on. I have to be careful yet, at times, of 
what I eat, in order that I may feel good and 
strong. I fully believe if any one suffering with 
indigestion or torpid liver or chronic cold would 
take Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery and 
‘ Pleasant Pellets ’ and observe a few simple hy. 
lenic rules,_ they would soon be gp'eatly hear¬ 
ted, and with a little perseverance would ba 
entirely cured." 
BiliousncM ii cured br the use of Dr. 
Fierce’! PloMMit FeUete. 
RH EUMAT15M 
CURED 
Without Medicine 
A Sample Pair of Magic Foot Drafts will be sent pre= 
paid FREE ON APPROVAL to anybody. 
TRY THEM. 
Don't take drugs—most medicine isn’t fit 
for the stomach—but try a modern 
adaiitation of a very old principle, and cure 
yourself. 
Almost everyone has soaked his feet in 
hot water to cure a cold in tlio head. 
Magic Foot Drafts not only produce tlie 
effect of a mild, but continuous foot soak¬ 
ing. (ii)ening the pores (lierc tlic largest in 
tlie liody) but tliey stimulate the excretory 
functions of tlic skin, enabling it to tlirow 
off the acid impurities from the system 
tlirough these large pores. 
Magic Foot Drafts cure rheumatism in 
every part of the body. 
Every drop of blood in the body passes 
every so often through the feet, where the 
circulatory and nervous systems are ex¬ 
ceedingly susceptible. 
I'he Drafts have great power to absorb 
acid poisons from the blood. Each time a 
contaminated drop of blood passes througli 
the foot tlie Drafts absorb a portion of 
the acid poison, gradually but surely puri¬ 
fying the blood—tile only way to perma¬ 
nently cure rheumatism. 
If you have rheumatism write us lo-day 
and wc will send you a. pair of Magic l•’oot 
Drafts on free trial. If they relieve you 
send us One Dollar, If they don’t, keep 
your money—the risk is ours. We kiii:ir tl;e t 
they cure to stay cured. Write to-day to 
the MAGIC FOOT DRAFT COMPANY. 
W. N. 17 Oliver Building. Jackson, Mich. 
Send no money—only your name. 
COL f^ER ANNUM 
^ /U GUARANTEED 
NO 
CBCItlll ATinU i-etnilarly 
SrCUULAriUil " inspected by and con¬ 
ducted under absolute 
supervision of the Banking 
Department. Our depositors include many of the 
most prominent clergymen, profe.sslonal and busi¬ 
ness men in the country, whose Indoi-sements, 
together with full Information of our methods, we 
will gladly send upon request. 
Deposits mail made nr withdrawn at any time 
and bear earnings for every day invested. 
Paid In Capital Assets Surplus 
Wl,000,000 .IS 1,(500,000 i»l«6,000 
Industrial Savings and Loan Go., 
1134 Broadway, New York. 
BALANCED RATION 
FOR READERS OF 
GRINDING MILLS 
U That Do the Work 
■i^Bi to Perfection 
and are away down in price. Geared mills 
for ear corn or small grains. Guaranteeil to 
grind rye faster and better than any other 
mill. COMBINED MILLS with best horse 
power. Easy running saws. 
Don’t Buy Until You Get Price and Free Cataiog 15. 
You will find many advantages in 
buying from the ' 
Buckeye Feed Mill Co., Springfield,O. 
¥171^1 I DRILLING 
W machines 
Over 70 sizes and styles, for drilling either deep or 
shallow wells in any kind of soil or rock. Mounted 
on wheels or on sills. With engines or hor.se powers 
Strong, simple and durable. Any mechanic can 
operate them easily. Send for catalog. 
WILLIAM.S BKO.S., Ithaca, N. Y. 
The Rural New-Yorker 
HOARD'S DAIRYMAN, the leading Dairy 
authority of this country. Brim full every week 
of the best thoughts and expressions of practical 
men. It covers the field of dairying thoroughly, 
handling the whole ground of dah-y work from 
the field to the cow and market; treating upon 
every question of interest in the dairy. Invaluable 
to every farmer who desires to be successful with 
his cows. 
Both The Rural New-Yorker 
and Hoard’s Dairyman, one 
year, for $1.65. 
Spaym 
Cvirb 
Splii\t 
Cure These Blemishes 
Also Uingbone, hard or soft 
enlargements. Sweeny. Knee- 
Sprung,Fistulaand Poll Evil. 
Slight cost and certain cures. 
Two big booklets telling how 
to do it sent free.Write today. 
rLK.niNC BROS., Chrml-U, 
"29 rninn Stftf.kYards.ChlrAcn.' 
RUPTURE 
CUBED while yon work. You pay 
$4 when cured. No cure no pay 
ALEX. 8PKIKS, Box 831, Westbrook, Maine. 
Don’t Throw Up Your Hands 
Your horse can be cured. 
VETERINARY PIXINE 
consumes Inflammation, counteracts effect of Impure 
blood, and will permanently cure chronic scratches, 
grease heel, mud fever and speed cracks. Heals by 
granulations, not by drying and .scabbing sores, galls, 
abscesses. Unfailing In all cases of hoof rot, cow 
pox, caked bags and mango. Money back If it fails. 
2 oz.. 25c.; 8 oz., 50c.; 5-lb. pkge , $4. 
All druggists and dealers, or sent prepaid. 
TROY CHEMICAL CO., TROY, N. Y. 
“SAVE -THE ■ HORSE ” 
(TRADE-MARK) 
No Proof so Convincing as the Experience of Those Who Have Tried It. 
WERE THESE TWO CASES WORTH 
THE COST OF TREATMENT. 
Xyack. N. Y. 
In August I had a mare with an ankle cocked from 
a bad wrench in a race. It was so bad I had concluded 
to shoot her, but was persuaded to breed her and turn 
her out. 1 bred her, but instead of turning her out 
used your “S.-ive-the-Uorso." In three weeks I was 
more than surprised to seethe swelling disappear, 
and the remedy produced a complete cure. She is as 
good as ever. I have r.aced her since, and drive her 
any distance without tiny ,igti of lameness. I cannot 
say too much for voiir remedy. 
GEO.'F. BET iking EB, .Tk. 
Positively and jtermanentl.v cures Bone and 
Cappe<I Iloek. Sho»; Boil, Weak and Sprained Ten 
Contains no jirsenie, corrosive sublimate or ot! 
Cures without sear, blemish or loss of hair. 
Brooklyn, N. V. 
One of my horses went lame from side or shell 
bones on both feet, which e.vtended entirely around 
the quarter, and was laid up for about three months. 
I used two bottles of “Save-the-Horse” aud the horse 
Is perfectly sound. I have driven her over paved 
roads, and one day gave her a slxly-iiiile drive, and 
she never showed the least particle of lameness. 'I'he 
growths have nearly all disappeared. I have owned 
horses for years, used them to build rtiilroads and in 
all kinds of contract work, and have used remedies. 
bllstorH,.firing and electricity, but never .siiw anyt bing 
take hold and produce such results as “8ave-the- 
Horse” in this case. 
1). C. BENNETT, Builder, Ilf. Tilth Street, 
og Sptivin, Ringbone, Curb, Thoroughpin, Splint’ 
on.s, anil all Lamene.ss. 
ar forms of mercury, or any injurftuis iugreilieut. 
$5 PER BOTTLE. 
Written guarantee with every bottle, eoustrueted to eoiiviiiee and i.n.teet you fully. Tlie need of 
Hceond bottle is almost imju'obable, except In rarest I’aMes. t iiiaranlee covers eff’eeliveiiesrt of i.m- 
bottle. Copy of guarantee sent upon applteatloii. 
S|!o.(U), all (lealers and druggi.sts, or sent prepaid. 
'r:Fio3r oxiTsivtiOuakXji oo., ti-ont, int. 
