1903 
53 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
OHIO STATE HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY, 
Part III. 
Prof. Green in hi.s “Fruit Notes for 1902’’ 
spoke of the “commercial spirit’’ which 
seems to pervade the ranks of those who 
are growing the apple. ’Pliis brings up the 
old question, is apple planting likely to 
be overdone? Present indications are that 
about enough of the Ben Davis class have 
been planted. The apple of the future will 
combine beauty and quality. The demand 
for apples of really good quality is not 
fully met. Among the early apples the 
Oldenburg, Yellow Transparent and Char- 
lottenthaler were favorably spoken of. 
The latter is very similar to Y’ellow 
Transparent, but better every way. Fanny 
and Summer King are not well known, 
but promising. The Bismarck was pro- 
ncunced one of the most beautiful on the 
list; but its beauty is only skin deep. 
Wealthy is doing well. Prof. Green men¬ 
tioned the need of more good Winter sorts. 
The Ensee ("N. C.’’—named for Nelson 
Cox on whose farm it originated), may 
well be tried. There should be a special 
effort to test the several varieties from the 
Southwest. Stay man has proven larger 
than Winesap, and the tree a better 
grower. Ingram Is a seedling of Ralls 
Genet, and very promising. Virginia 
Beauty is fine in color and quality and 
should be tried. Gano should take the 
place of Ben Davis. Black Ben Davis 
looks just like Gano, but is said to be of 
distinct origin. The Hubbardston Is a va¬ 
riety much neglected. We should culti¬ 
vate an appreciation of good quality In 
apples and then let the people know that 
we have them. 
Prof. Green’s experience with the canker 
worm this season was that one good 
spraying with arsenate of lead just as the 
larvtB were hatching did the work. The 
spraying was less successful when the 
worms were half grown. San Jos6 scale 
has been held in check by prompt work, 
but this has not been done generally 
among growers. No damage has been done 
to apple trees at the Station by petroleum 
except where sprayed in warm weather 
The “lime, sulphur and salt” mixture is 
very troublesome to prepare. Whale-oil 
soap Is too expensive. The only place at 
the Station where the scale has been 
eradicated Is where petroleum has been 
used. Prof. Green regards the “grass 
mulch” method of growing apples very 
favorably where conditions are right. It 
Is being tested at the Station. The results 
elsewhere have been remarkable. How¬ 
ever, he does not think it the only method. 
On some soils a “dust blanket” may be 
more preferable; but who can imagine a 
moie ideal covering for the soil in Winter 
than a “triple blanket of Blue grass.” 
With good soil to start with this method 
not only stimulates early and heavy bear¬ 
ing, but provides for the old age of the 
tree. The clean cultivation and cow-pea 
alternation is referred to by Prof. Green 
as “a hand-lu-moulh process.” On land that 
will grow Blue grass an orchard will do 
better work with the “sod culture” than 
with a du.st blanket. It by no means fol¬ 
lows that the grass culture means that 
the orchard is merely planted and then 
turned out to pasture. Where the soil is 
not sufficiently fertile to make the grass 
grow fertilizers must be applied. After 
mulching is begun It must be kept up. 
t'hampioii iiiul Greensboro were men¬ 
tioned by Prof. Green as excellent peaches 
in their seasoji. Lemon Cling is about the 
hardiest cling, and Kalamazoo the hardiest 
freestone. Chabot has proven the only 
really hardy Japan plum. Of the Euro¬ 
pean plums Grand Duke and Lincoln were 
well spoken of. It was deplored that there 
are too many types of the Montmorency 
cherry. It is hard to get the true I^arge 
Montmorency. Louis Philippe is a very 
shy bearer, but fine. Early Harvest black¬ 
berry is yet one of the most popular ana 
highly praised. Early King is not so well 
known, but larger and a little later. El- 
doiadu is the best at liie Station. Itathbun 
is too tender. The Cardinal laspberry was 
reported as brighter colored than Hay 
maker. in strawberries Sample leads; 
Granville not very productive; Rough Rider 
very disappointing in Ohio; Parsons Beauty 
vtry good; Downing's Bride fine for home 
u.se. 
Prof. Taft, of the Michigan Agricultural 
College, spoke on “Peaches for Profit.” 
He commended J. H. Hale’s Ten Com¬ 
mandments in Peach Culture, “for,” said 
he, “upon these hang the law and most of 
the profits.” Prof. Taft would choose an 
elevated location if the soil be suitable. 
He recommends low heading—18 inches 
from the ground—as the trees will be 
easier to prune, spray and thin. He would 
form the heads of three branches. If the 
soil be strong corn may be grown In young 
orchard; but this crop should be avoided on 
dry soil. However, such crops as cucum¬ 
bers, melons, squashes and tomatoes may 
be grown. The cultivation should be done 
with a Cutaway or disk harrow and the 
weeder upon soil where the latter may be 
used. The weeder is useless on a stiff 
clay soil which bakes. A cover crop la 
sown after the first of July. In 90 per cent 
of the peach orchards of Michigan oats 
are used. These attain the height of 18 
to 24 inches before the frost kiiis them. 
By Spring they are quite dead and lie flat 
upon the soil which, beneath this mulch, 
will remain moist and friable until late In 
the Spring, while with clover or rye it will 
often bake hard and be difficult to plow 
and pulverize again. Canada peas are 
sometimes sown with the oats and add to 
the fertility of the soil. The best way to 
thin one s crop of peaches is to tell the 
liiivd mail to thin to eight inches apart 
and then go to the house and stay there 
until the work is done. Otherwise sufli- 
eieiuly courageous work will not likely be 
maintained. For leaf curl spray three or 
four weeks before blooming with a mild 
solution of Bordeaux—two pounds sul¬ 
phate of copper to 50 gallons water. Thin¬ 
ning in Michigan htts largely done away 
with grading. The peaches are packed In 
six-basket carriers and one-peck Climax 
baskets. Fifth and sixth bushel baskets 
are not much used. Labor and cost of 
freight and drayage are the same for one- 
peck baskets as for the smaller sizes. 
Bushel baskets are sometimes used where 
the fruit Is shipped in large quantities. 
W. W. Farnsworth’s “Notes on Cherry 
Culture” brought out the fact that sweet 
cherries do better in sod, while the sour 
varieties must have good cultivation and 
be sprayed once or twice for preventing 
liie • sliot-liole ’ fungus of the leaves, iioi 
of one season's crops demands spraying 
to save the fruit the next. Ihof. Taft's 
remarks on “What shall we do with our 
orchards” brought out the truth that oc¬ 
casionally, perhaps in one-third of the 
cases, it will be profitable to renovate an 
old orchard. Much can be done to bring 
old trees into bearing. 'Thin out the tops. 
Start some new shoots. Scrape the trunks 
and spray with Bordeaux. Manure the 
ground heavily—one load to a tree is none 
loo much. Flow, cultivate and sow cover 
crops for Winter. Prof. 'Taft thinks this 
the safest plan for the average fruit 
grower, although he admits that In some 
cases cutting the clover, grass, etc., and 
mulching the trees is very successful. U. 
T. Cox, one of Ohio’s well-known apple 
growers, read a fine paper on “Apple Cul¬ 
ture on Ohio Hills.” He says that the 
grower of to-day must have high ideals. 
Successful orchards have been seen on all 
locations. Ordinarily it is the man more 
than the location or the orchard. Mr. Cox 
plants his trees 20x22 feet apart. When 
they become unprofitable at that distance 
cut them out and plant new orchards. 
Keep new orchards ever coming on. Head 
the trees low—merely out of reach of rab¬ 
bits. Push the growth for the first three 
years; then prepare them for fruiting. 
Supply lacking elements of fertility. 
Mulch on the hills. “Sod culture” apples 
are finer and better colored than culti¬ 
vated. Spray thoroughly—too much Is 
better than not enough. Give last spray¬ 
ing as late as July 10. The more rain the 
more spray. Sprayed fruit keeps much 
better than unsprayed. Mr. Cox advo¬ 
cates and practices successive pickings, 
claiming that he gets 25 per cent more 
fruit, as it gives the smaller apples a 
chance to develop to a good marketable 
size. A smaller force of men will handle 
the crop in this way, as it enables them 
to begin work sooner In the season and to 
work later. He believes in honest sorting 
and packing and recommends but one or 
two good varieties for the commercial 
grower. He makes a great specialty of 
the Rome Beauty and thinks a great deal 
of Grimes Golden. He declares it a shame 
that Ohio does not produce her own sup¬ 
ply of apples. There were a number of 
other excellent papers. 
Officers for the coming year were elected 
as follows: President, Wm. Miller, Gyp- 
.sum; vice-president, U. '1'. Cox, Bradrick; 
secretary, 10, M, Woodard, Kirtland; 
treasurer, R. J. Tusslng, Canal Winches¬ 
ter. Next place of meeting Delaware, O. 
F. H. BALLOU. 
Dillerence of Opinion. 
Makers of rural mall boxes are al¬ 
lowed to use thin metal In a round box, 
on their claim that it Is the strongest 
Strawberry Cnitare. 
By M. CRAWPORn. Over 40 years’ experience. 
A 60-page Book—not a catalogue. Send 10 cents 
for a copy, read it, then return it and get your 
money back if you want to. 
M. CKAWFOKO COMPANY, 
Bo.x 1005. Cuyahoga Palls, Ohio. 
Millions of Strawberry Plants. 
standard varieties, $1.75 to $8 per 1,000. Get my cata¬ 
logue before buying. H. Lightfoot,Chattanooga,Tenn 
A NEW STRAWBERRY. 
-^vl Estimated yield 700 bu. per a(;re. 
Netted WOO.OO per acre for us. Beau- 
tlful, round as an orange, large, 
good quality. 75 other varieties. 
B MADIF* 1* nlany new Raspberries, Biackber- 
■ nArdC. H rigg other fruits, especlally 
l|STRAWBERRIE5gi?«"'e»ew apples. Ournew t^ta- 
tells alt about it. Sent free. 
SCARFF, 
Now Carlisle, Ohio. 
GREAT CROPS OF 
STRAWBERRIES 
AND HOW TO GROW THEIVI 
The best book on strawberry growing ever 
written. It tells how to grow the biggest crops of 
big berries ever produced. The book is a treatise 
on Plant I’hysiology and explains how to make 
plants bear Big Iterrit-s and Lot.s of 'riieni. 
The only thoroughbred scientifically grown 
.Strawberry Plants to be had for spring planting. 
One of them Is worth a dozen common scrub 
plants. They grow BIG RED BERRIES. The 
book is sent free to all readers of The Rural New- 
Yorker. Send your address to 
R. M. KELLOGG, Three Rivers, Mich. 
mj MICHIGAN TREES 
iirc “bred for bettrliijf.*^ That’s why wc 
cut all buds from the best fruited, bearing 
trees. Italso insurcsstock true to name and 
variety. Over three million trees—913 acres. 
All new and standard varieties of Apple, 
Peach, Pear,Plum, Quince, etc. Also orna¬ 
mental trees and shrubs. We Bcll direct at 
wholenale prices. Illustrated catalogue free. 
WEST MICHIGAN NTJRSERIES, 
Box 54, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
The Tree of Life 
TREES! TREES! 
We have a specially flue assortment 
of Apple and Peach Trees. Also a 
full line of Nursery Stock of all kind.s. 
Let ns send you our catalogue of the 
largest Nursery In New England of 
known reliability for more than 50 years. 
STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS, 
New Caiiaaii, Coiiil 
STRAWBERRY 
lities to suit. Prlce.s low. E. W. Jenkins, Lover, Del. 
V||C CilDUCD thinks is making money. 
I nC I Mil an Cl ll $1.6-10 net jiroOt from four 
acres strawberries. Onr list, tells you bow. 
KKVITT’S PLANT EAHM, Athenla, N. J. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
Excelsior, Rio, Clyde, Senator Dunlap, Bubach, 
Parson’s Beauty, Braudywine. Plants best on 
market: cheapest to buy. 'Write for prices and 
save money. Write to-day. 
AV. S. PERDUE & .SONS, I’arson.sburg, Md. 
REST SMALL FRUITS. 
mi9 Standard and improved varieties of Raspberries, 
Blackberries, Gooset'crries, Currants, Grapes, Strawberries, 
eto. Ever/ plant ffrown and guar»nte«d by me. Ship only olean, Tlfcoroui, 
well rooted, fresh dug planti that fire reeulU. Write fur late catalog;. 
Allen L. Wood, Wholesale Grower, Rochester.N.Y. 
Enormous Bearing 
as well as its tender.Jnlcy, fine llavored 
fruit and hardy character, makes the 
York Iitipcrlnl the favorite winter 
'■ apple, lixcellent keeper, sliapely and 
’ fine colored. Should be on every list. 
' joiiatlinii and 84 other choice varieties 
CATALOGUE FREE. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES, Boi29, Berlin, Md. 
XX 
^ BEeRiKfi see 
FRUIT TREES. 
We are the one nursery that makes a specialty of 
growing and marketing trees of bearing ago. If 
you don’t want to wait on young stock luyour 
grounds or small orchard, try the famous 
GENESEE VALLEY XX TREES. 
Grown with special care to transplant at fruiting 
age. Many have borne In the row.and are sure to 
give satisfaction. Four to five years old, ono to 
two inches diameter, and 6 to 8 feet high. Magnitl- 
cent assortment of ktuiidurd und l>wnrt' Petir-, 
Plum, and Oherrlc. Every tree a superb speci¬ 
men, clean, vigorous, shaptdy and strong rooted, 
(lug and ehippcdso astosiitferleustdiimage from 
transplanting. No suspicion of Han Jose scale or 
other disease. Full line of fruit and ornamental 
trees, shrubs, vines,etc. Write fornew freoeatalog. 
GEO. A. SWEET NURSERY CO., Box, 1605 OansvIlle.N.Y. 
is one budded upon a branched root seedling, buds 
from bearing trees, dug by our rookprolectlng tree 
digger. Apple orchards that bear early. Also .Small 
Fruits at tVliolesale Prices. Pear, Plum, Cherry. 
Everything in Nursery and Greenhouse Culture 
wo furnish true to name. We guarantee safe delivery. 
Send for Catalogue. CENTRAL MICHIGAN 
NURSERIES. Michigan’s Leading Nurseries and 
Rose Growers, Kalamazoo, Mich. 
AGENTS WANTED. Mention this paper. 
Glenwood Nurseries 
Most complete assortment of choice 
Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Vines. 
Send for Descriptive Illustrated Catalogue. 
THE WM. H. MOON CO., MOKKI8V1LLE, PA. 
60 miles from New York; 30 miles from Philadelphia. 
TREES 
$8 per 100' 
I—APPLE. PEAR, PLUM and PEACH; healthy, true to name 
and Eumifjated. All kinds of trees and plants at low wholesale 
prices. Don’t buy until you get our catalogue, which is free, or send list of wants for 
special price. Address RELIANCE NURSERY, Box 1, Geneva, New 'York. 
ROGERS TREES are DIFFERENT from OTHERS 
The TREE BREEDER tells you why. We send It free, for oue year, if you mention The R. N.-Y. 
THE TREE BREEDERS. ROGERS ON THE HILL, DANSVILLE, N. Y. 
FRUIT TREES 
Just as represented. Will save yoti disappoint¬ 
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dreds of distinguished fruit growers whom 1 supply: 
“ The 1500 trees sent me in April, 1902, and the 1200 sent mo this Fall, have caused 
mo to raise my ideal several points as to what constitutes a flrst-cbiss, well- 
tleveloped tree. Enclosed find another order for Spring 1903.”—Grant Hitchings. 
Has stieh indorsement any signifieance ? Catalogue on applieation, A little booklet 
on Peach Culture sent free to all who mention this paper. Address H. S. Wiley, Cayuga, N.Y. 
DWYER’S 1903 SPRING CATALOGUE 
Two Hundred Acres of Hardy Fruits and Ornamentals. 
forin. One concern, however, contends 
that rust and the elements are no re¬ 
specters ot form, and stubbornly keeps 
on making square boxes of double the 
average weight. Circulars with the 
why and wherefore sent by the Bond 
Steel Post Company, Adrian, Mich.— 
Adv. 
PRAVING 
our line of sprayers ana applL 
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Hand.Krvapsack.Ducket, 
Field, Barrel, and Power 
sprayers.twenty styles. Bcstnozsles 
made, attachmentn. formulas, etc. 
Selectthe useful and reliable. Catalog free 
THEDEMLNG CO., Salem, Ohio. 
frutcmagtnti, Bmim i U\MMU,Chiaago,lU, 
eiANT ARGENTEUIL ASPARAGUS 
B'lne plants. G. E. PACKARD, Dover, Del. 
75000 Peach and 60000 Apple Trees 
Low prices. MARTIN WAUL, Rochester, N. 
Tl 
B.Tn 
PEGROWN 
,JREE‘. 
OUR BOOK 
HOWT06ROW 
FRUIT 
SEKIO FOR IT 
TITUS NURSERYNEMAHANea 
FREICHTpayi't 
TADK TREES succeed where 
JAW:arJ"Nir»ery. OTHERS FAIL 
i>ult Book Free. Result of 78 years experience 
r^STARK BROS, LoulBlaaa, Mo.; Dansville, N. Y.; Etc 
Reliable descriptions; perfect illustrations and boautiftil colored plates. T. J. Dwyer’s Book on 
Hardy Trees, Plants and Vines 25 cents. This work will be sent postpaid, free, for till Spring 
orders. The Catalogtie is free. Write for it to-day. 
T. J. DWYER & SON, Orange County Nurseries, Cornwall, N. Y. 
Get good trees, true to name, buying direct of the grower of trees. Plant the best varie¬ 
ties. Locate orchard with care and do not neglect it. We offer for sale 750,000 apple, cherry, 
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new catalogue is double the ordinary size. We give one new Thanksgiving Prune tree (worth 
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Cherry, 15 c.; Small Fruit Plants, Roses, Vines. lOO-page catalogue free. 2 new Red Cross 
Currants mailed for loc. Secrets of Fruit Growing, 150 photos, loc. Copy Green’s Fruit 
Grower free. Good salary 
paid for tvork at home. 
GREEN’S NURSERY CO., ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
