1903 
73 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
CO-OPERATIVE CREAMERY REPORTS. 
Our plant Is progressing finely, and It Is all due to the 
farmers here in having grit and backbone enough to 
stick up for their rights. If all of the farmers In this 
country would combine and stick together, they would 
certainly see better prices for their milk, especially in 
the Summer season. I have been handling milk for 23 
years, and I do enjoy seeing the farmers get good prices. 
We have several cooperative plants in this section. If 
we can’t get the right prices from the city dealers, we 
can put our milk in butter or cheese. h. 
Port Leyden, N. Y. 
Our company was organized in February last with 
$3,000 capital stock taken by about 35 persons; the milk 
station was purchased of the McDermott Hunger Dairy 
Co., and a complete outfit for making cheese installed. 
The milk was sold from April 1 to October 1; April for 
one-half cent less than New York Exchange, the re¬ 
mainder on basis of cheese market, taking the highest 
quotation on any style of New York State full cream 
cheese, 10 pounds of milk to one of cheese, and station 
rented at the rate of 10 per cent per annum on amount 
invested. October 1 the milk was sold for one year on 
same basis, October 1 to April 1 on Exchange, remainder 
on cheese price with same rate for rental of station. At 
the annual meeting January 6 the report of secretary 
showed that the patrons had received a net price of $1.06 
per 100 pounds of milk from April 1 to December 1; amount 
paid to patrons for that time $23,869.42. c. 
Lyons Falls, N. Y. 
We felt as though we were not getting enough for our 
milk. A few of us met time and again all one Summer 
and talked about the situation. Finally we started out 
with a paper to see how many farmers would join, and 
how many cows we could get. We got about 600 cows. 
First we bought a building for our association; then 
made arrangements with a dealer and supposed we had 
sold our milk, but In a few weeks we found they had 
backed out. This being in the Fall we did not do much 
until the next Fall, when we went to work and bought 
utensils and fully equipped our building for making both 
butter and cheese. We had been selling our milk at the 
Exchange price minus 26 cents. Soon, as our factory was 
well equipped, the dealer came to us and said he was 
ready to meet us and give us a price for our milk. We 
then sold our milk for six months within one-half cent 
of the Exchange price per quart or six cents a hundred 
better than we had been getting years back. This was 
a year ago last Fall, and we have sold by the six months 
three different times and up to the first of April next. 
Last November, December and January we were getting 
to within one-quarter cent of Exchange price. We have 
not made any cheese or butter, and as long as we can 
get about what the raw material Is worth, we may not 
make. But we are ready to do so at a moment’s notice. 
We might have done better If we had put a little more 
push in a year or two sooner. u. p. 
Eaton, N. Y. 
The Black River Valley Milk and Cream Company, sit¬ 
uated on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg Railroad 
at Greig, was Incorporated August 11, 1902, with capital 
stock of $3,000, showing 46 subscribers at $10 a share. 
Ground was broken for foundation September 23, building 
completed November 26, representing $3,500, plant $2,800. 
Building is 30 x 140 with water privilege, telephone line 
and appliances for handling milk. We received and 
shipped first milk November 29, 20 cans; December, 1,450 
cans, with receipts Increasing without material shrinkage 
to Lyons Falls station three miles south, and Glenfield, 
four miles north. The former is cooperative, the latter 
not If the farmers were correctly Informed as to the 
working of cooperative plants there would be more of 
them. The first object in view Is to know capacity of the 
plant wanted, and number of cows; capitalize, put the 
best men you have in your community in charge, build 
your plant, and confidence is established. It is just as 
essential to a farmer to have cooperative plants as it is 
to have a cow. The former Increases the price of milk 
and the latter the flow, because he has something to pro¬ 
duce milk for, though the high price of feed confronts 
him. If every farmer would take one day’s receipts of 
his dairy in the flush of milk and invest in a cooperative 
milk station he not only increases his Income but can 
have a representative on the Milk Exchange to say what 
the consumer should pay for his milk. h. 
Greig, N. Y. 
Our company began business April 1, 1901, and had been 
doing business for 21 months at the time of our last re¬ 
port. Possibly the best we could do Is to give the actual 
figures for each month of said time: 
Milk 
received; 
Price 
Bor¬ 
den’s 
Amount 
April, 1901. 
pounds. 
paid. 
price. 
paid. 
... 650,320 
$6,087.91 
$1.10 
$7,153.52 
May, 1901 .... 
... 771,208 
7,712.08 
.90 
6,940.87 
June, 1901 . 
.... 806,510 
8,065.10 
.80 
6,452.08 
July, 1901 . 
... 673,932 
6,739.32 
.90 
6,065.38 
August, 1901 . 
.... 648,643 
6,037.02 
1.05 
5,760.75 
September, 1901 .. 
... 521,644 
6,782.07 
1.25 
6,520.55 
October, 1901 . 
... 562,641 
7,884.37 
1.35 
7,595,65 
November, 1901 .. 
... 411,305 
6,169.57 
1.45 
5,963.92 
December, 1901 .. 
... 404,620 
7,087.85 
1.55 
6.270.06 
January, 1902 . 
... 618,720 
8,039.71 
1.65 
8,040.16 
February, 1902 ... 
... 557,707 
8,414.59 
1.40 
7,807.89 
March, 1902 . 
... 829,128 
11,647.50 
1.30 
10,778.66 
April, 1902 . 
... 1,412,746 
17,665.71 
1.20 
16,952.95 
May, 1902 . 
... 1,764,080 
17,641.00 
.95 
16,758.76 
June, 1902 . 
... 1,860,639 
18,623.43 
.85 
15,815.43 
July. 1902 . 
... 1,640,266 
19,700.43 
.90 
14,762.39 
August, 1902 . 
.... 1,351,371 
16,899.88 
1.05 
14,189.40 
September, 1902 .. 
.... 1,079,413 
14,035.79 
1.25 
13,492.66 
October, l902 . 
... 1,005,035 
15,075.52 
1.45 
14,573.00 
November, 1902 .. 
... 739,220 
12,936.12 
1.55 
11,457.91 
December, 1902 .. 
... 685,908 
13,758.35 
1.65 
11,317.48 
Total . 
...18,794,955 
$237,003.32 
$214,669.47 
Difference. $22,333.32 in favor of cobperation in cash 
actually paid to the patrons In time specified above. 
Since April 1, 1902, this company has expended $5,687.03 
for extension of building and improved machinery, and 
$1,077.60 for new milk cans which have never been used; 
these last two item^ were taken from the milk sales, or 
the amount which the above quantity reported brought in 
cash and should be added to the difference paid to pa¬ 
trons, to give the actual amount that our patrons re¬ 
ceived above Borden’s price; and $22,333.32 plus $5,678.03 
plus $1,077.60 equals $29,098.48. In addition we have paid all 
running expenses of every kind. E. r. harknbss. 
Delhi Cooperative Creamery Co. 
A REVIEW OF THE MILK SITUATION, 
As a result of the short supply of milk during the late 
Fall and early Winter, prices have ruled high. Thq usual 
stimulating effect of high prices has already begun to 
show in a visible increase In the milk output. While not 
yet sufficient materially to affect the market or produce 
anything like a surplus, yet at the prices prevailing for 
milk and cream the supply seems to be equal to the de¬ 
mand. This is shown by the recent decline of two cents 
per pound on creamery butter. Prices for milk through¬ 
out New York State at the present time average about 
$1.45 per 100 pounds. A noticeable effect of the high prices 
for dairy cows, the correspondingly high prices for dairy 
products and also of cattle foods is to stimulate the 
farmer to a fuller appreciation of the necessity of more 
careful feeding, that Is, better balancing of rations, less 
waste of food nutrients, and also a desire for a cow of 
greater capacity. 
The present high prices prevailing for every grade of 
cream cheese are due primarily to a short production, 
and an unusual demand from home trade or domestic 
sources. This has been noticeably true from the South. 
Southern people have, since the passage of the filled 
cheese bill, come to realize the full value of cream cheese 
as a food, and they are making a strong demand for our 
fancy New York State product. This will no doubt have 
a stimulating effect upon our markets this coming season, 
but we must expect that the high prices now current will 
check consumption somewhat and have their influence 
in the opposite direction. h. e. c. 
PROF. BAILEY ON ORCHARD TILLAGE. 
At the recent meeting of the New York State Fruit 
Growers, Prof. Bailey spoke on orchard tillage. During 
the past year a current has set in against clean tillage. 
He considered It a fundamental principle of orcharding. 
There is no one best method of working the land. What 
is best for one location may not be suited to another. 
Whatever method is easiest, cheapest and most fruitful 
of results Is the one to use. Tillage is stirring the land 
for the land’s sake. The old methods were to open the 
land to put in the seed, stir it to root out the weeds, and 
dig it up again to get out the crops. Now we till to make 
land more productive, lessen Insects and fungus diseases, 
save moisture, and render plant food available. Clean 
tillage is faulty unless vegetable matter Is put Into the 
soil. Cover cropping is an element of tillage. In Cali¬ 
fornia tillage is the rule, They need to save moisture. 
The Bay of Fundy district does not need California prac¬ 
tices. Objections raised against clean tillage are: It 
makes great labor on heavy or strong soil. Induces too 
vigorous growth, causes washing of the land, and lessens 
quality and color of fruit. If loss of color and quality 
was the usual result of clean tillage, that would be 
enough to condemn it; but in some cases tilled orchards 
show improvement in these matters. The objections to 
sod are: Expense of moisture, surface rooting of trees, 
shielding Insects and diseases, tempting to remove a 
crop of hay from the orchard, and inducing shiftless 
methods. There is a compromise between these two 
systems. Climate and soil conditions determine what or¬ 
chard practices should be. In Mr. Hitchings’s orchard 
the soil is rich and deep. He has the finest sod and the 
finest fruit. In such soil apples will grow, sod or no sod. 
EVENTS OF THE WEEK. 
FARM AND GARDEN.—In the campaign of the Bureau 
of Animal Industry against the epidemic of foot-and- 
mouth disease in Massachusetts a new and unlocked for 
obstruction has developed and threatens considerable 
trouble If persisted in by the authorities. The Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture has been informed that Mr. 'Phomp- 
son, one of the Federal Inspectors, has been fined $15 by 
a local court for alleged cruelty to animals. The re¬ 
port to the Department says that the inspector was hav¬ 
ing a herd killed, and two of the cows had to be struck 
more than once in order to kill them. “If the experts of 
the Department,’’ said Secretary Wilson, January 15, 
“are to be criminally prosecuted In Massachusetts, they 
may have to abandon the undertaking altogether, in 
which case the State of Massachusetts will be quaran¬ 
tined and permitted to eradicate the disease within her 
borders herself. One thing is very certain—the quaran¬ 
tine will not be raised from that State until this work 
is accomplished. Of course. Dr. Thompson’s case will 
be appealed and fought through all the courts, if ileces- 
sary.’’ 
President Haines of the Society for the Prevention of 
Cruelty to Animals has issued a circular protesting 
against the bill before the House of Representatives to 
amend Section 4386 of the Revised Statutes, which pro¬ 
hibits transportation companies from keeping cattle con¬ 
fined in cars, vessels or boats for more than 28 consecu¬ 
tive hours. The amendment proposes to make it 40 hours. 
This would mean. President Haines says, that millions 
of cattle would be subjected to torture and be made unfit 
for human food. The amendment is unnecessary, he says, 
and Is an attempt to make the laws of the country fit 
certain supposed necessities of competition between tran.s- 
portation companies. 
BUSINESS BITS. 
One of the great little labor savers Is the old reliable 
Gaboon broadcast seeder, manufactured by Goodell & 
Company, 14 Main St., Antrim, N. H. No matter how 
large or small the farm is one of these seeders will come 
In handy and save its cost in one season. Just write 
Goodell Co. for “Sower’s Manual,’’ which tells what, when 
and how much to sow. 
The Plerce-Williams Company, of South Haven, Mich., 
manufacture baskets and boxes that are extra strong, 
lignt and attractive in appearance, and that can be relied 
upon to carry fruit safely. They are known as the Climax 
and Bushel Stave baskets. Growers and shippers, and all 
who are interested, should write for a copy of their latest 
illustrated catalogue. It is mailed free. 
Duane H. Nash, of Millington, N. J., who is the long 
time advertiser and manufacturer of the famous Acme 
pulverizer harrow, clod crusher and leveler, goes further 
to meet the purchaser on the sale of his implement than 
any manufacturer we have any knowledge of. Mr. Nash 
will send his Acme harrow to any man anywhere, who 
orders It; and will give him ample time to make a thor¬ 
ough test of its good qualities in the preparation of any 
kind of soil, under any and all conditions, and for any 
crop. If the harrow is not found to be entirely satisfac¬ 
tory in every way the purchaser may return it at Mr. 
Nash’s expense. That is a simple, straightforward busi¬ 
ness proposition which must commend Itself to the mind 
of any fairly disposed man. Write the manufacturer for 
prices, printed matter and terms of trial. 
Superior Seed Corn. 
Our stock is nowherccxcelled. Specially grown 
for seed and carefully selected. Every good 
variety of Field and Ensilage Corn and Sweet Corn. | 
We are headquarters for all kinds of sound, fresh, I 
tested seeds. Get our annual seed catalogue. Mailed J 
free. Write tO'day. 
FORD SEED CO., Dept. Q, Rarenaa, 0. 
IN THE 
SEEP. CORN 
ET A D yotj are 
getting 
I have a limited amount of extra selected 
j Stock seed of the Shenandoah Yellow, 
* that has made Shenandoah famous, 
I and of the Io\va Silver Mine, best medium \ 
> early white corn grown, that I will offer while i 
• It lasts at $2.50 per bushel, f. o. b., Shenan-' 
J Uoah, carefully packed in tlie ear in new' 
, specially made crates. These are carefully | 
»chosen ears just like you would pick out for i 
I yourself. When you see the corn if not wholly 
* ®’Jfied, return it and get youi- money back. 
> is no 50-cent stuff, it’s REAL SEED 
I C'OlvN. 
HENRY FIELD, 
• Seedsman. Shenandoah, la. 
ESTABLISHED 1802. 
for over a hundred years have been universally 
recogmized as the standard of excellence. 
OUR CATALOGUE—the 102d successive an¬ 
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We Mail It Free. 
J. M. THORBURN & CO., 
36 Cortlandt St., New York. 
HARRIS’ SEEDS 
From the Grower to the Sower 
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JOSEPH HARRIS CO., Moreton Farm, Coldwater, N. Y. 
LIVINGSTON 
THE 
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is all we ask. Our SEED ANNUAL, 104 pages, FREE. 
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VEGETABLE AND FLOWER 
fin fact everything in the Nursery and Florist line. We send 
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THAT 
SUCCEED 
The seed hoose of D. Landreth & Sons, the oldest ia America, has had 119 yeara* experience with 
r *5??^ results of this are placed at the service of farmers and gardeners In a finely lUus- 
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aMERICa’S BED FOR 1903. 
The plant.s to make this attractive and showy bed are worth from $2.75 to $5.00 according 
to size, but you can have the Seeds to grow them, free of charge, by enclosing this advertise¬ 
ment with your cash order amounting to $1.00 or more. See large illustration and full 
description in Landreth’sCatalogue. Write tOrday for the catalogue. 
Good Gardens .JW _ , , « 
Assured & SoilS, 
iAS, TICK, formerly of ttoeheiter, 
B.ii.gier of UaJl Order ilepuiment^ 
Philadelphia. 
