1903 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
95 
WESTERN N. Y. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
Very Successful Meeting at Rochester, 
The forty-eighth annual meeting of the Western New 
York Horticultural Society was held at Rochester Jan¬ 
uary 28-29. The average man of 48 years does not feel 
much like kicking up his heels when his birthday comes 
around. The averkge apple tree of that age will show 
indications that vacation time is needed. This old So¬ 
ciety, however, grows younger and more vigorous with 
each year. It is one of the few horticultural societies 
that expand and develop new wood. These meetings 
have been in the past, highly educational in character— 
with the State scientists and the ablest fruit growers in 
the world for teachers. It should now be more educa¬ 
tional than ever, since the New York State Fruit Grow¬ 
ers’ Association is striving to handle the market and 
Tiusiness side of horticulture. 
The Society has grown so rapidly of late years that it 
was felt that an attempt to hold this year’s meeting in 
the old hall would make the Society look like a growing 
boy with his last year’s suit on. The experiment of hold¬ 
ing this year’s meeting in a larger hall was tried, and 
the Society rose to the occasion and created a demand 
for chairs. The older members, long accustomed to the 
old hall, acted at first a little like ‘‘a cat in a strange 
garret.” The strangeness of the garret quickly disap¬ 
pears when the cat scents a mouse, and by the time the 
meeting was well under way all were at home. There 
was some complaint from the hard of hearing (and that 
includes a good proportion of every audience) because 
most of the speakers failed to recognize the difference 
between the volume of sound they produced and the size 
of the room. As is usual, delegates were present from 
several other State societies. The Rochester meeting 
has long been regarded as a general round-up of horti¬ 
cultural wisdom. 
Prof. L. H. Bailey gave a very fair discussion of the 
Baldwin and Ben Davis apples—the standard varieties for 
the East and for the West. It cannot be claimed that 
either variety is all that could be desired, yet they are 
more generally grown than any other two varieties, and 
will continue to be. This is because with all their de¬ 
fects they possess natural qualities of thrift, easy cul¬ 
ture and long keeping, which suit the great majority of 
growers. Until we can get an apple that will keep, carry 
and ship as well as Ben Davis, with higher quality and 
equally handsome appearance, we must expect that ‘‘Old 
Ben” will be largely planted and sold. Prof. Bailey says 
we need more than anything else newer and better va¬ 
rieties of Winter apples. Culture and spraying have been 
well developed, but little advance has been made In va¬ 
rieties. The usual discussion that succeeds the mention 
of Ben Davis followed—the general conclusion being that 
the hope for New York growers lies In producing apples 
of fine quality and appearance. Prof. Bailey hopes to 
establish a large number of volunteer small orchards all 
over the State where new and promising varieties may 
be tested—nurserymen to furnish the trees. 
Prof. S. A. Beach, of the Geneva Station, gave a careful 
report of spraying operations in 1902. It was a hard sea¬ 
son on account of the cold and wet. Apple scab and pink 
fungus appeared in many orchards disastrously, and it 
was evident that the leaves of many trees were badly 
scalded by Bordeaux even when the ordinary strength 
was used. In spite of this scalding reports show that 
spraying saved the first-class fruit from scab. There 
would have been little No. 1 fruit had it not been for 
spraying. Prof. Beach gave the causes for this scalding 
by Bordeaux as follows: Thin cuticle caused by cloudy 
weather and moist atmosphere. The presence of spray 
mixtures on the leaves. Note that injury followed even 
from well-made Bordeaux Mixture. Transfer of sub¬ 
stances from the sap within the leaf to the water stand¬ 
ing upon its surface, giving such water greater solvent 
action on the spray mixture. Exposure of sprayed leaves 
to hot sunshine when the skin was abnormally tender 
and wet with rain and dew. Under such circumstances 
active metabolism and rapid transpiration might be ex¬ 
pected to bring about partial wilting and contribute con¬ 
ditions favorable to an unusually rapid transfer of poison¬ 
ous solutions from the surface to the interior of the leaf. 
'The best known remedy is to use an excess of lime in 
making the Bordeaux. In very rainy seasons all the 
lime that can be forced through the nozzle should be 
used. Prof. Beach emphasized the great importance of 
early spraying. He says that one thorough spraying just 
as the leaf buds are breaking is very effective. 
Prof. Stewart reported a number of new plant diseases, 
such as collar rot in the peach, ‘‘yellows” in Marlboro 
raspberries, and scald or splitting-stem in blackberries. 
Most of these diseases are local and have not been fully 
studied so as to suggest remedies. 
EVENTS OF THE WEEK. 
FARM AND GARDEN.—At the sixteenth annual meet¬ 
ing of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers’ Associa¬ 
tion it was decided to establish a journal devoted to thi.s 
Industry, of which the first number was issued in Janu¬ 
ary. It is a monthly, entitled The Cranberry Grower, 
price $1 a year. The editor Is W. H. Fitch, Cranmoor, Wis. 
The annual convention of the Wisconsin State Dairy¬ 
men’s Association will be held at Fond du Lac, Wis., 
February 11-13. 
Dr. Leonard Pearson, Dean of the veterinary depart¬ 
ment of the University of Pennsylvania January 23 an¬ 
nounced that experiments covering a period of more than 
two years had proved conclusively that cattle may be 
rendered immune from tuberculosis by vaccination. The 
experiments were conducted by Drs. Pearson and S. H. 
Gilliland. The vaccination consisted of the injection into 
the veins of the animals of a small quantity of tubercle 
bacilli non-virulent for cattle. This procedure was re¬ 
peated several times with gradually ascending quantities. 
The immediate effect was to produce a passing fever fol¬ 
lowing each injection which did not seriously annoy the 
animal. Two cows were vaccinated, and they with two 
others not vaccinated, were Inoculated with virulent 
tubercle bacilli. At the expiration of nearly a year the 
Inoculated cattle were killed. The two animals that had 
been vaccinated were perfectly sound, while the unvaccl- 
nated animals were extensively tubercular. Dr. Pearson 
said that he Intends to devote his energies to the perfec¬ 
tion of the method used in vaccination. In conjunction 
with the State Live Stock Sanitary Board, of which h« 
is the secretary, he will continue the experiments. 
The thirteenth annual meeting of the Indiana State 
Dairy Association, held at La Fayette January 21-23, was 
very successful. Resolutions were adopted commending 
the work of the Department of Agriculture in Its en¬ 
forcement of the oleo and renovated butter laws, the 
National Dairy Union, E. Sudendorf’s candidacy for 
Superintendent of Dairy Department at St. Louis Expo¬ 
sition; approving the equipment of the dairy department 
of Purdue University, and urging the establishment of 
a dairy herd; also calling on the Legislature to provide 
for a chemical laboratory to make possible the carrying 
out of pure food laws. The following officers were elect¬ 
ed: President, Samuel Schlosser, Plymouth; vice-presi¬ 
dent, G. V. Woolen, Indianapolis; secretary-treasurer. H. 
E. Van Norman, I,a Fa.yette. 
The National Live Stock Association, at Its annual con¬ 
vention at Kansas City, January 15, by a rising vota 
adopted a resolution indorsing President Roosevelt’s sug¬ 
gestion that Congress appoint a commission of experts 
to settle the range problem at once, which for years has 
been a bone of contention among cattle and sheep men. 
Later Senator Francis Emory Warren, of Wyoming, 
President of the National Wool Growers’ Association, In 
a speech indoi’sed the resolution and complimented the 
convention upon Its passage. A resolution was adopted 
favoring an amendment of the Interstate Commerce law 
in such a way as to grant to the Interstate Commerce 
Commission power to adjust freight rates. Another reso¬ 
lution adopted asks Congress to give the Secretary of 
Agriculture power to order the disinfection of Imported 
skins and hides at the different ports of entry. Another 
resolution favors a 15-cent duty on pelts, pickled hides 
and skins, which are dutiable because they are partly 
manufactured. Judge William M. Springer, general coun¬ 
sel for the Association, in his report said that the most 
important legislation of the year affecting the live stock 
Industry was the passage of the oleomargarine law. He 
said the output had increased since the passage of the 
measure. The next meeting of the Association will be 
at Portland, Ore. 
Sanderson’s 
High=Qrade Fertilizers 
are made to supply the exact plant-food 
needed by each particular crop—“Potato 
Manure,” “ Corn vSuperphosphate, ” 
“ Fruit Mixture,” “ Top-Dressing Fer¬ 
tilizer,” etc. Sanderson’s Special con¬ 
tains 10 per cent of pota,sh. We will 
sell you these specially-prepared ferti¬ 
lizers at the lowest prices for high-grade 
goods. Let us send you our pamphlet and 
prices ; also FREE DI/tRY. 
Sanderson Fertilizer and Chemical Co,, 
MOAV ILAA UN, CONN. 
Cider Machinery.—Send for cataiof^ue to Boomer* 
Boschert Press Co., US West Water St., Syracuse,N.Y. 
SILOS 
Round, of any size, and all Ma¬ 
chinery Needed. 
HakdeuMfg. Co.,CobleskiH,N.Y 
Round or Square 
WHICH WILL 
YOU HAVE? 
Makers of rural man 
boxes are allowed to uee 
thin metal in a round box, 
on their claim that it is the 
strongest form. One con¬ 
cern, however, contends 
that rust and the elements are no re¬ 
specters of form, and stubbornly keeps 
on making square boxes of double the 
average weight. Circulars with the 
why and wherefore sent by the BOND STJfilSJL 
POST COMPANY, Adrian, Mich. 
Rumely Engine; 
'Oth as Fo _i ... « • 
t^Ucaf of generating and supplying powe; 
tbresliernien. They are 
from d ofsteel. cross tieads and slides are prot 
doible^vHnf ^ '"Pl’y <>e''ices. Sin( 
iniT or CO.-!!, or direct liuefor 
monc 'O'opanions in the thresliing field for t 
tWrit®”’"-'’"- Free catalogue 
— M. RUMELY CO., La Porte, Indiana* 
Book all 
about them 
FREE 
^ IRON AGE Tools 
BATEMAN 
MFG. CO., 
Grenloch, N.J. 
Something New Under the Sun. 
A^SpringToofh” U-Bar Harrow 
A Sorino “Soike Tooth” Harrow 
A Spring “Spike Tooth” Harrow 
Every tooth controlled by a spring. The most 
nniqae, ingenious and perfect harrow ever in¬ 
vented. We cannot begintodescribetbisharrow 
here and must ask you to send for catalogue and 
oircniars giving full particnlars. We give a 
speolal discount on the first machine and 
liberal pay for belpiniMis introdnee the same. Farmers write ns they would not bo without this 
harrow at any price. Write now. Address 
HAPGOOD PLOW CO., - - Box 592v ALTON. ILL. 
Only Plow Factory In the United States Belling direct to the farmer. * 
DELOACH 
FARMERS’ 
SAW MILLS ARE BE 
The Price it Right T 
Known the World 0« 
$125 SAW MILL 
lata &000 Feet Lamber a day with only 4 h 
)eLoach Variable Feed Saw Mills, ItolOOh. 
my price. DeLoaoh Mill Machinery, Plan* 
ihingle.Lath and Oom Mills, Water uiieels, c 
^eLoach Mill Mfg. Oo., Box 900 Atlanta, € 
(Branch, 120 Liberty St., W.wTork.) 
Handsome Catalogue F» 
ive D&me ot paper. 
rre« if jon cut ihit oat i 
Sizes 
3 T013 1-2 Feet. 
Agonts 
Wanted 
Pulverizing Harrow 
Clod Crusher and Leveler 
SENT ON TRIAL 
To be returned at my expense if not satisfactory. 
The best pulverizer—cheapest Riding Har¬ 
row on earth. VVe also make walk¬ 
ing Acmes. The Acme 
crushes, cuts, pulverizes, 
turns and levels all 
soils for all pur¬ 
poses. Made en¬ 
tirely of cast steel 
and wrought iron 
—indestructible. 
Catalog and Booklet, "An Ideal Harrow" by Henry Stewart, mailed free. 
I deliver free on board at New York, Chicago, Coluinba8,LoDlsv11le, Kansas City, Minneapolis, San Francisco, etc. 
Address DUANE H. NASH. SOLE MANUFACTURER - MILLINGTON, NEW JERSEY. 
For 60 days to the readers of The 
Rural New-Yorker. 
A Beautiful Imported 56-piece 
CHINA TEA SET 
or Toilet Set, or Parlor Lamp, or Clock, or Watch 
and many other articles too numerous to men¬ 
tion, with an order of 20 lbs. of our New Crop, 
60c. Tea, any kind, or ao lbs. Jtaking l*ow- 
der, 45e. a lb., or an assorted order Teas and 
B. P. This advertisement MUST accompany 
order. 
THE GREAT AMERICAN TEA CO., 
P. 0. Box 2S9. 31 & o3 Vesey Street, New York. 
THE 
Farquhar 
has been the leading 
PORTABLE SAWMILL 
for 45 years—too well known to need 
description here. 
Send for illiistratecl catalogue of En¬ 
gines, Threshing Machinery, Saw Mills 
and Agricultural Implements, mailed 
B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., 
York, Pa, 
The High Price of Goal 
is the cause of much present anxiety but there la a 
prac tical way of overcoming it to some extent. 
T Appleton Wood Saw 
Id M T rapidly and with ease 
your own wood and 
SAVE GOAL, 
time, labor, money; 
or saw your neigh¬ 
bor’s wood and make 
$5to$l5 D^Y 
Strong, rigid frame, 
adjustable dust proof 
oil boxes, etc. Wo 
make 5 styles. Also 
the famous “Hero” 
_ T. j — Friction Feed Drag 
Haw, Feed Grinders, Ensilage and Fodder Cutters, 
Buskers. Shellers.Swcep Horse Power8,Tread Powers, 
Wind Mills, etc. Write to- day for Free Catalogue. 
APPLETON MFG. CO., Farcio SL, Batavla.lll. 
$18.50 
for this t 0 am barnees, cut from 
oak-tacned leather, tracesl ^ io. 
18 fL linos: Hook & Terrltp^a. 
QO to pick from. 
UO Hlngle bamesa 14.45 to 
121.00. Double. 110.00 to|45.00. 
for this 12-16 all ateel disc 
barrow;baa genuine La- 
dow bumpers. Dust proof 
oil tubes. 
The MostPeifsct Made. 
We have other style discs 
for $15.25. We save you 
about 1-3 in price. 
steel lever barrow; cuts 
10 ft; 60 teeth, 2 sections. 
Steel Beam CnltiTator, 
plain, with 5 shovels. 
Mathews N ew 
Model garden 
drill, large size with 11 tooln. 
7C ff'Tthe Cemaadrili 
V^a 1 wonly, same princi¬ 
ple as above. If you wa*'t a 
garden tool, write ns. 
Calumet check row 
planter with automatic 
reel and 80 rods wire. 
Never mbses, drops in 
hillsaDdd'ills. Wechsl- 
lenge the world with this 
planter. Will ship on trial. 
2 horse cultivator. Re¬ 
tails at $15 to $18. 
rtjr Qpforridingcul- 
y 1 Va w 3 tivator. Seven 
style?, 25 combinatiODs. 
Most Wonderful Cul¬ 
tivator Bargains over 
offered. Also Plows. 
rfrM for 
It has 4S2pages, sizeQxllinches. Postagfeis 15c, but if you will 
' cut this ad out and send it to us we will mail the catalog FREE. 
MARVIN SMITH CO. 
One-Horge 
Corn. Bean 
and Garden 
S^er. Drops lu 
bills and drilia 12 acres a daj. 
80c Seeder, 
Sows wheat, oats 
and grass seed 4 to 10 * 
acres an Hour. Fire other 
styles. Send for catalogue. 
55«57-59 N* JefferKoa Sts» 
I CUICAGO, UUU 
