1903 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
■ 1 
133 
A VERMONT DAIRY FARM. 
A year ago I bought a farm of 175 acres, 
hard-wood land. It has not been farmed 
for live years or so. About 60 acres of 
tillage, remainder pa.sture and wood land; 
the pasture is one of the best. It would 
carry 30 animals with a little feeding in 
late Summer and Fall. I have a sugar 
orchard of 600 trees, and quite a lot of fruit 
trees in a run-down condition. It cost me 
51,8.50 with sugar and farming tools—not 
up-to-date tools—but all can be used. 
'J'here is some good corn land and all of 
it is great grass land, as soon as it can 
be brought into shape. Could you give 
me suggestions as how to start off so as 
to get the best results? I shall have 20 
ccws and heifers this Spring and 10 more 
heifers growing. I am starting* Jerseys; 
milk goes to creamery. I shall get a sep- 
iiiator as soon as I can so as to carry only 
Cl earn. I can have a basement under the 
cow barn, but not under horse barn; can 
run the water into the stable If I wish to. 
1 can put a boiler for heating water and 
cooking purposes, and have the separator 
near by. 
Sharon. Vt. 
Here is a splendid opportunity to show 
the results of careful scientific farming. 
A cheap farm; 175 acres costing only 
$1,850 means but a small investment, 
and the owner need not consider it 
necessary to begin soil improvement 
over large areas at once. The two es¬ 
sentials first to be considered are care¬ 
ful husbanding of the manure and get¬ 
ting an abundance of vegetable matter 
into the soil. If I make a statement that 
eastern soils, even these worn-out soils 
so called, are richer and will last longer 
under cropping than the exceedingly rich 
producing soils of the Middle West, the 
reader will no doubt question the state¬ 
ment, but let us see. Our eastern glacial 
soils are all richly filled with mineral 
matter, an(^ lack only an introduction of 
stable manure or the plowing under of 
green crops to make them productive, 
yielding almost fabulous croj)S. The 
western soils to-day so valuable have 
less mineral matter, but they have on 
the other hand a superabundance of or¬ 
ganic matter which when exhausted 
means that the backbone is not there 
upon which to build again. So 1 say our 
eastern soils are actually worth more 
than the western soils if we deal with 
them intelligently. A cement floor and 
a daily application of manure is the first 
thing to do. If the feeling recently ex¬ 
hibited at the Vermont State Dairy As¬ 
sociation represents the sentiment of 
your State I am sorry, for the general 
opinion was against the daily application 
of manures, considering that a severe 
loss took place if removed to the field. 
In other words, it would not waste if 
protected by a hemlock board used as 
barn siding, but under the same field 
conditions all would fly into thin air. 
Tlie Jerseys are all right, only in your 
breeding use a sire of pronounced dairy 
quality and vigor; deep body, prominent 
backbone back of fore shoulders, well 
crested brainy head, four well-placed 
teats, long milk veins and large milk 
wells at their termination. See to it that 
the mother of this sire was a good milk¬ 
er, and also the dam of his sire. The 
use of the farm separator thereby sav¬ 
ing the skim-milk at the farm has much 
to commend it. The dangerous side of 
the question, however, is the slack care 
given the cream and the uniformly lower 
scoring of cream-gathered butter. The 
pure sweet skim-milk is not fully ap¬ 
preciated by many farmers. It means a 
superior class of cows as a result of feed¬ 
ing a food during their early days that 
promoted digestion rather than destroy¬ 
ed it. Build a silo if you have any land 
suited to corn, and but few farms are so 
situated that corn cannot be raised, so 
you will provide against time of drought 
and also have one of the very best of 
Winter foods; succulence is demanded 
in some form. 
If the fruit is of good varieties prob¬ 
ably a partial pruning this Winter and 
a complete pruning next Winter, coupled 
with spraying this Spring, will change 
the character of the fruit. Whether you 
should cultivate, mulch or pasture this 
orchard will depend upon conditions. I 
should say put in the hogs, protect the 
trees, feed them just enough so they will 
cultivate, and not put expensive labor or 
manure directly into it. You will be 
busy this Spring and will have little 
spare time to cultivate the orchard. 
While my experience does not warrant 
the maple sugar business as one of un¬ 
usual profit, yet a small income certain¬ 
ly comes that serves as pin money, and 
at a season, when not materially inter¬ 
fering with farm work. Do not, how¬ 
ever, permit it in any way to lessen the 
care of the dairy. One can easily lose 
more than the sugar or syrup is worth. 
You can build a basement stable, but 
I would not have it underground. Put 
in 3t) square feet of window space to 
each 5,000 cubic feet of air space; give 
each cow not to exceed 500 cubic feet of 
breathing space. Build side walls with 
air chamber; put heads to the walls and 
an eight-foot drive between cows 
through which manure can be daily 
hauled to field. Do not raise the ceiling 
over eight or nine feet from floor, but 
have it tight. I would not go to the 
expense of heating the water. Put it 
into the barn in some manner; a perma¬ 
nently located trough, movable troughs 
ill front of cows, or the water basins, as 
you like, but have the water in the 
barn. Have the supply always uniform, 
and where the cows can get what they 
need. Watering cows out of doors in 
cold weather is unprofitable, and should 
become obsolete. Locate the silos if con¬ 
venient in a corner formed by the barn 
L and on the east side. They will freeze 
less, or if you desire them as ornaments 
perhaps they can be placed in one cor¬ 
ner so as to form a tower, and thereby 
add much to the architectural appear¬ 
ance of the buildings. Completely to 
answer this question would require vol¬ 
umes. I might add that the experiment 
station reports and the bulletins from 
Washington will give valuable hints and 
suggestions, and they are very reliable. 
II. E. COOK. 
Taints in Milk.— The Alabama Station 
(Auburn) gives the following results of ex¬ 
periments in Bulletin 121: Bitter weed taste 
was removed from cream by mixing it with 
two or more parts of water at any tem¬ 
perature above 70 degrees Fahrenheit and 
then running it through a cream separator. 
No means were found by which bitter weed 
taste could be removed from milk. The 
compound in the bitter weed which gives 
milk a bitter taste is held very largely, if 
not entirely, in the milk serum. The more 
completely the serum is separated from 
the fat the less is the degree of bitterness 
in the cream. Wild onion flavor was not 
removed from cream by mixing it with 
water and then running it through the 
cream separator. Saltpeter dissolved in 
the water thus used was of no value. No 
method was found by which the onion 
flavor could be removed from either milk 
or cream. The compound in the wild 
onion which gives milk a bad flavor is held 
very largely, if not entirely, by the fat, 
and the more completely the serum is sep¬ 
arated from the fat the more concentrated 
is the onion flavor in the cream. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you will get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, 14th page. 
Sore Shoulders 
sore neck, sore back,&c., result¬ 
ing from collar.saddle or harness 
gall and chafing, and all forms 
of canker, callous, &c.. are in¬ 
stantly relived and cured with 
Tuttle’s Elixir. 
Used and endorsed by Adams 
Express Company. 
Dr. S. A. Tuttle. Wolcott, Vt., July 15, 1899. 
Dear Sir:—I had a horse that had two bunches on his shoulder, 
caused by wearing a new collar. Less than one bottle of your Elbtii 
cured it after six months' standing. L. W. I'lSHER. 
Cures also curb, Hplliit. contracted cord,alI forms of 
lameness and colle, distemper, founder,pneumonia,&c. 
TUTTLE’S FAMIIY ELIXIR cures rheumatism, sprains, 
bruises, etc. Kills pain Instantly. Our lOO-pago book, 
“Veterinary Experience,” FKEE. 
Dr. S. A. TUTTLE, 30 Beverly St., Boston, Miss. 
Keware of so-called Elixirs—none genuine but Tuttle’s. 
Avoid ail blisters j they offeronly temporary relief if any 
THE eaiCINAL 
wAimoF 
OILED CIOTHINO 
Made in black or >eilow for all kinds 
of wet work. On sale everywhere. 
Look for the 5ign of the Fish.and 
the n*me TOWER on the buttons. 
A W TAWtR e0..ftOSrON. MASI..U lA. 
rtwtn <ANA»IAM CO.fcd»te4.T»IIOittO.<AM. 
I 
A lorvg lime ago, when they first 
began 
To keep milch cows, poor Dairy 
Dan 
And Milkmaid Molly had troub¬ 
les galore. 
And alwacys seemed to be getting 
more. 
They’d work and worry and 
stew exnd fret 
And always would end the year 
in debt. 
But by and by they found a way 
To lessen their work and get 
more pay. 
They bought an Empire, and 
every cow 
Is yielding a handsome profit 
now. 
They’re Jolly Molly and Dacndy 
Dan 
Since they adopted 
The 
The Easy Way 
is not always the best wa\', 
but it so happens in 
the case of the 
Empire 
Cream 
Separator 
that it is both the easiest and the 
best. The Empire runs more light¬ 
ly than any other separator of the 
same capacity: it is more easily 
cleaned, because it has few parts; 
it lasts longer and costs less for re¬ 
pairs, because it is better built and 
freer from intricate mechanism. 
In short, it is the simplest, most 
efficient hand power cream separa¬ 
tor made. We guarantee that it 
will do better work with less labor 
and trouble, titan any other separa¬ 
tor, and all we ask is a chance to 
let you prove our claims to your 
own satisfaction. What do you say? 
Let us send you our good book 
on ’’Making the Dairy Pay.” It’s 
free for the asking. 
Empire Cream Separator 
Company, 
Bloomfield, New Jersey. 
f*ER ANNUM 
aUAKANT£ED 
Deposits 
may be 
made or 
withdrawn 
at any 
time, and 
bear earn¬ 
ings for 
every day 
invested. 
Y our money safely invested, with 
risks eliminated, earning 6 p. c. 
yearly. Dividends payable quar¬ 
terly by check. The INDUS rKIAL 
is thoroughly reliable, living up to 
every agreement. Business non- 
speculative. Established 10 years. 
Under supervision of State Bank¬ 
ing Department. 
Write for full particulars, also 
indorsements of many of this coun¬ 
try’s most prominent clergymen and 
professional men. 
Paid in Capital. Assets. Surplus. 
*1,000,000 $1,600,000 *185,000 
Industrial Savings and Loan COi, 
1134 Broadway, New York. 
LIGHTNING WELL MACHY 
IS THE STANDA_RD/ 
SnAMPUMPS. AIR LIFTS, i.ll, // 
GASOLINE ENGINES 
wmr^FOR cmcuLAR be 
THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS t- 
/kURORA.ILL.-CHICAGO.- DALLAS-TEX 
5ewtoii*t Heare^ Cough» DU* 
temper and IndigeetionCure* 
A veterinary speotOo for wind, 
throat and stomach troubles. 
Strong recommends. •I pex 
can. Dealers, mail or Ex.paid, 
MewUn Uorse Remedy Co. 
ToMo. OMo. 
Cure TheM Blemishes 
Also Ringbone, hard or soft j 
enlargements. Sweeny, Knee- 
Sprung,Fistnla and Poll KvU. 
Slight cost and certain cares. 
Two big booklets telling how i 
to do It sent free.Writetoday. 
FLBflIHG BB08., Ghnaltt., 
933 CnlOB 8toekT.rds,ChleaKO,IIL j 
End Your 
Butter Troubles 
with a National Hand Separator 
and make more and better butter from 
same quantity of milk. The 
National will do it easier, 
quicker and pay its cost in 
a very short time. Wedon't 
ask you to take our word— 
we send the machine for 
10 Days’ Free Trial 
and let it prove its worth 
right in your own dairy. 
You take.no risk-we assume 
it all. If It does not meet 
your expectations, send it 
.back—we pay the costs. 
Our catalogue tells more 
—write for it, it’s free. 
National Dairy Machine Co., Newark, N. J. 
DEtAluL 
CreamSeparators 
For twenty years the World’s Standard 
Send for free catalogue. 
Th« De Laval Separator Co., 74 Cortlandt St., N.Y. 
CREAM 
t.>iA Hotwv Jb: 
SEPARATORS 
All about them and other things for 
' the dairy & creamery. A. H. REID, Philadelphia 
CREAM EXTRACTOR 
FREE 
This Is a genuine 
offer made to Introduce the Peoples 
Cream Extractor In every neighbor¬ 
hood. It Is the best and simplest in 
the world. We ask that you show It to 
your neighbors who have cows. Send 
your name and the name of the near¬ 
est freight ofidce. Address 
PEOPLES SUPPLY CO., 
Dept. 86. Kansas City, Mo. 
Pat. May 31,1901. 
THE ARRAS 
Cream Extractor 
The leading Cream Extractor 
on (he market because milk and 
water are not mixed.. You al¬ 
ways have pure, sweet milk for 
house use and not diluted for 
feeding. The most convenient 
extractor made for handling 
your milk In Winter as well as 
in Summer. It saves all can 
lifting, skimming and washing 
of crocks. It is easily kept 
clean. Write for descriptive 
catalogue and special introduo- 
tory prices to THE ARRAS 
CREAM SEPAR.4.TOR CO. 
BLUFPTON, OHIO. 
WELL 
DRILLING 
MACHINES 
Spzwiiv 
Cvirb 
Splil\^ 
Over 70 sizes and styles, for drilling either deep or 
shallow wells in any kind of soil or rock. Mounted 
on wheels or on sills. With engines or horse powers. 
Strong, simple and durable. Any mechanic can 
operate them easily. Send for catalog. 
WLLLIAMS BROS., Ithaca. M. Y. 
THE CHAIK-HANGINO 
Cattle Stanchion 
The most practical and humane Fastener ever In¬ 
vented. Gives perfect freedom of the head. Illustrated 
Circular and Price free on application. Manufactured 
by O. H. ROBERTSON, ForestvUle, Conn. 
stanchion 
m—being an improTsmsnt over 
Smith’s, lightest, strongest, 
qolckeit, safett swing stancUse 
msds, HustcslUtch and satomstts 
lock. BMomes stationary wkse 
^pon. Anlmalcannottamlttn task¬ 
ing oat. Madsof boat soasonsd hard 
-wood. Pinaforfastcning withsTsry 
stanchion. Send foctMtimonisla 
:j.imLDEI4S0NS,,„'!S.«,a. 
NO PAINTING REQniRED»i4JX gllS? 
Roofing. Can 
be easilyalald 
as the work 
only consists of 
nailing and oe> 
mentlng the 
loltrta. Samples, prices & bookletgiving Instructions 
ASPHALT READY ROOFING CO. for laying s^t 
180 Water St., New York. ^ postpaid. 
Uumune l>ehoriiliis implies quick., sharp cutting and no crushing. That is what gives the 
“‘KEYSTONE dehorner Is over In an instant. Cuts from 
a a four sides, all at once. Makes the job easy. Plrst choice 
among dehorning experts. Fully guaranteed. Free clroulan. M. T. PHILLIPS. PonVCroy. Pw. 
