144 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
February 28 
FARMERS' CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
Grafting Apple Seedlings. 
P. B., Penn Jan, N. 7.—1 have a field I wish 
to set out to apple trees. It is in clover 
now, but I Intend planting it to corn this 
year. Would you advise setting apple 
seedlings, top-working them next year, 
using double the number that would be re¬ 
quired for a permanent orchard? What, in 
your judgment, would be the best variety 
to grow? Baldwin does well here. 
A.'sb. —It would certainly be a very bad 
plan to set out apple seedlings and graft 
them in the orchard. It would cost more 
to graft and care for them until they 
would be good trees than nursery-grown 
trees; and the chances are that some 
would fail. Sutton would be preferable 
in my opinion to Baldwin for that re¬ 
gion, as it is a more regular bearer and 
a really better apple in almost every 
way. H. E. V. D. 
Remodeling Cherry Trees. 
C. ly. P., WapviUe, N. 7 .—I have 200 Mont¬ 
morency cherry trees, set last Spring, that 
have very poorly formed heads. They are 
formed on four or five upright branches 
about four to five feet from the ground. 
What is the best way to bring the heads 
down to 2V^ to three feet from the ground? 
Ans.—A s the trees are quite young it 
will do to cut them back to the desired 
height the coming Spring. There should 
be only one stem extending from the 
ground for two or 2^ feet, where the 
branches should begin. If the trunk is 
a little lower or shorter it will be no 
serious objection. New branches wili 
come out not far below where the main 
ones are cut off. The cutting should be 
done very early, as the cherry trees will 
sprout better so than if pruned late in 
the Spring. h. e. v. t». 
Renovating Old Fruit Land. 
P. B., Dennison, Pa .—I have nearly an acre 
of poor stony land lying on top of a ridge 
which was thickly covered, principally 
with oak and hickory. About 12 years ago 
it was cleared out and planted in peach 
trees and grapes, principally Hartford and 
a few Concord. The grapes did tolerably 
well for a few years, but are not much good 
now. The trees grew very fast and looked 
nice, but have not borne a half bushel since 
planted, and are now dying. No fertilizers 
have been applied to the ground. It is 
surrounded on two sides, south and west, 
by tall forest trees and brush. The blos¬ 
soms were very sparse and there would be 
Only a chance peach on some of the trees, 
and none would properly mature. The top 
soil is very thin; subsoil is very yellow and 
sandy. It grows Sheep sorrel better than 
anything else. Can you tell why the trees 
behaved in this way? We want to clear it 
all out again. What kind of commercial 
fertilizer would be best to wake up the 
ground, and how much would you apply at 
one time? How would pure potash do? Wp 
are thinking of planting it to strawberries 
and raspberries. lam told that forest trees 
draw all the available potash out of the 
ground. If true, I suppose it would be one 
reason for the trees not bearing. Can you 
tell me why nearly all raspberries, black 
and red, fail to do any good for the last 
three or four years in this part of the 
country? They do not grow vigorously, 
freeze badly, and do not blossom or bear 
right when they do not freeze. What is a 
good fertilizer for blackberries and rasp¬ 
berries? Is lime good? If so, when apply? 
T wish to plant some on fairly good stony 
ground. 
Ans. —This seems to be a case of poor 
land treated poorly. The sensible plan 
with less than an acre of poor, stony, 
ridge land, surrounded by tall forest ■ 
trees, would be to let it go back to a 
state of nature and spend time and labor 
on a better piece of land. It is no won¬ 
der that the peaches and grapes planted 
there did no good. How could they do ■ 
otherwise in a poor soil with no ma¬ 
nuring? If it is determined to try again 
to grow fruits on it there should be 
plenty of stable manure applied, besides 
300 pounds of muriate of potash and 100 
pounds of acid phosphate rock. About 
20 bushels of fresh lime will also do 
good. With thorough cultivation from 
start to finish fair crops of berries or 
other fruits may be produced. They 
usually fail because of neglect. The ma 
nures should be put on the land broad 
cast at any time and worked into the 
soil at once. h. e. v. d. 
Peaches for Ontario Region. 
A. a. B., Bodiis Point, N. V.—1. What three 
varieties of peaches would prove mo.st 
profitable for market on the shore of Sodus 
Bay? 2. For main crop is the Fitzgerald 
superior to the Elberta in this locality? 3 
What ought good stock to be bought for 
this Spring? 4. How should odorless phos¬ 
phate be applied to a bearing orchard? 
Ans. —1. In planting only three varie¬ 
ties of peaches on the southern shore of 
Lake Ontario, which is a good region for 
that fruit, especially from Sodus Bay 
westward, my choice would be Elberta 
Niagara and Chairs. All of these are 
yellow^ freestones, and while there are 
some that are higher in quality these 
are reliable market varieties. 2. Fitz¬ 
gerald is a good market peach but It Is 
not superior to Elberta for any locality 
so far as I am aware. 3. The prices of 
peach trees are somewhat higher this 
year than they have been for some time 
past, but good grades ought to be bought 
from $50 to $100 per 1,000. 4. Commer¬ 
cial manures of all kinds should be 
spread broadcast all over the surf 5 ice of 
a bearing orchard. The roots are not 
only under the branches of the trees, but 
beyond, and when they are full size they 
extend to the middle of the spaces be¬ 
tween the trees. The fertilizers can be 
put on at any time, but are best appllec 
when they can be cultivated or plowed 
under very soon afterwards. This is 
very important with those of a nitrogen¬ 
ous character. h. e. v. t>. 
Notes on Sugar Making.—I wish to say 
to maple sugar makers that galvanized 
iron Is good enough to make storage tanks 
or gathering tanks or palls; but is not fit 
to make evaporators or sugarlng-ofC pans, 
or to boil sap in at all. If you boll In 
galvanized iron the malate of lime will 
make a scale that you cannot get off. 1 
use an evaporator made of tin and a 
sugaring-off pan of No. 1 sheet iron. I 
boll syrup to 37 degrees by a saccharometer 
and put In half-gallon glass fruit jars boil 
Ing hot, and it will keep for years; 32 
degrees is thick enough to keep in bulk. 
T use a 20-gallon tin can 20 inches across 
the top with a square of cloth, half wool, 
to strain through (fastened to top of tin 
can) with faucet in bottom to fill jars from; 
and get in the syrup hotter than boiling 
water. It needs a hole near the top of the 
tin can to let out steam. The last and 
best Improvement in sugar making is the 
steel spout, as we get more sap and the 
hole grows over in one season. d. a. b. 
Holley, N. Y. 
A\ EXTR4C0H' 
can be kept without additional 
expense if you plant our 
Eureka Ensilage Corn! 
Most nutritious and most to the acre, a [ 
64 ton record. We control all seed. 
I -arge new catalog of forage crops,seeds, 
farm and garden implements, etc., free. Write for it, ' 
BOSS BROTHERS, Worcester, Mass. 
ready for the market 60 days after plant¬ 
ing, is one of the many wonders you read 
about in HOLMES’1903 CATAI.OGUE 
OF TE.STED .SEEDS. Contains many 
other new and profitable flower and vege¬ 
table varieties. Honestly pictured—truth¬ 
fully described. Different from ordinary 
seed books. A I)OOk well worth writing for. 
HOLMES SEED COMPANY, 
Harrisburg, Pa. 
We send it 
FREE 
Our handsome Carden Annual and Seed 
Catalogue. Send your address on a postal 
to-day, or for 4c. In stamps and the names 
of S neighbors who are actual seed buyers 
our catalogue and packet of mm Hi 
■the Clam Red, Madam Ferret PANSY CT L L II 
If you write before March 15th. Address. r F II 
COLE’S SEED STOKE, PeUa, lows^ WImIbI# 
ONION SEED. 
True Southport Globe Onion Seed, grown at 
Southport, Conn. Buy direct from the grower. 
White, $2; Red, $1.50; Yellow, $1.50 per pound, 
postpaid by mall; larger quantities write. 
Superb Catalogue Free, 
EL BRIDGE E, WHEELER, .Seedsman, 
Main and Elm Streets, Box 152, Bridgeport, Conn, 
APPLE 
TREES 
This spring finds us with an ^ 
unusually large stock of extra fine 
young trees. Every tree guaran¬ 
teed on a whole root, free from dis¬ 
ease, smooth, vigorous, shapely. 
We want to supply you this spring 
from this matchless stock. 
Summer Apples. 
Yellow Transparent, Red Astra- 
chan, Summer Rambo, Red June, 
Early Harvest, Golden Sweet, 
Early Strawberry, and others. 
Fall Apples. 
Maiden’s Blush, Gravenstein, 
Fall Rambo, Fallawater, Haas, 
Duchess of Oldenberg and others. 
Winter Apples. 
Jonathan, King, Limber Twig, 
Missouri Pippin, Northern Spy, 
N. W. Greening, R. I. Greening, 
Rome Beauty, Stark, Scott’s Win¬ 
ter, Smith’s Cider,Tallman Sweet, 
Wine Sap,Willow Twig,and every 
other kind worth planting. 
We believe that our spring of 1903 apple 
stock cannot be equalled anywhere. We 
pack so there can be no injury in shipping. 
Absolutely safe arrival guaranteed any¬ 
where in the United States. 
REMEMBER 
we are headquarters for Peach and Kieffer 
Pear Trees, Strawberry Plants, Asparagus 
Roots, etc. New spring catalogue mailed 
free. Write at once for special apple list. 
HARRISON’S NURSERIES. 
Box 29 Berlin, Md. 
<#sEIEDs^^ 
For Every Climate. 
That Is our business. We grow and sell you what 
has been developed and is adapted to your par¬ 
ticular section. North,South, East and West. 
GRIFFITH & TURNER’S 
TESTED SEEDS 
do not depend on deceptive methods to sell 
them. A dollar’s worth of seed for every dollar, 
of plump, fresh, live seeds that make crops. We 
carry a complete line of Farm, Garden, Poultry and 
Dairy Supplies. Write for large new catalog Na 12 , 
free. Handsomer than ever; contains much Infor¬ 
mation. Every Farmer and Gardener should have It. 
GRIFFITH A TURNER COMPANY, 
E06 N. Pace Street,Baltimere, Maryland. 
E£D POTATOES 
SI 
All the best new and standard varieties. Si.x Weeks, 
Red River Ohios, Bovees, Northers, Queens, Rose, 
Fortunes, Quick Crop, Blush. Raleiirhs, Carmans, Rurals, 
American Giants, Green Mountains. St. of Maine and a dozen 
other sorts, grown in the cold north especially for seed, and 
stored in our frost proof, cold storage houses, which hold 
the stouk free from sprout! till plactlcg time. We are headquarters for 
seed potatoes. Our warehouses bold over 100,(00 bushels or SOO carloads 
WriteforiUustrated catalog. Askabout our Seed Com and Seed Oat8. 
~ Seed Grower, 
HONEOYC FALLS, N. Y. 
EDWARD F. DIBBLE. 
Seeds 
are planted by fanner 
and gardener who has 
stopped exi>erimenting. It 
pays to pay a little more 
for Ferry’s and reap a great 
deal more at the harvest. All 
dealers. 1908 Seed Annual 
postpaid free to all applicants. 
D. M. FERRY St CO., 
Detroit, Mich. 
REPETITION 
Is the life of advertising—It is also the 
life of the largest mail-order seed trade 
in the world— 
Burpee’S! 
Were it not for repeat-orders every year from 
satisfied planters we could not supply the 
Best Seeds that Grow 
atsuch moderate prices. We want every 
one who appreciates quality to write for 
Burpee’s Farm Annual for 1903. Long 
known as “the Leading American Seed 
Catalogue,” it is better now than ever 
before. An elegant book of 184 pages, with 
beautiful colored plates and hundreds 
of illustrations, it tells the plain truth. 
Write to-day I Do not delay I It’s FREE. 
W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO,, Philadelphia 
GREGORY 
Good seed 
assure good 
gardens. Gregory’s' 
seeds have been 
the favorites of 
gardeners and flor¬ 
ists for 40 years. 
Always successful. 
Rend for our free 
catalogue, telling 
about our three 
w a r rants on 
seeds. 
j. J. n. 
iJ^regory A Son, 
Hsrblebrsd, Hs.., 
Gardens 
Flower Facts 
FREE 
Just the Information needed 
by all who wish to grow flow 
ers and plants successfully, 
atalned in 
IS conti 
DREER’S 
Carden 
Calendar 
208 pages of Inestimable value to flower lovers. 
Onr catalogue for 190.8 -will also contain a new and 
valuable feature, viz: a complete index of all 
the old-fashioned, or common names of flowers. 
FKEE if you mention this magazine. 
HENRY A. DREER, 
714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Superior Seed Corn. 
Our stock is nowhereexcelled. Specially grown 
for seed and carefully selected. Every good 
variety of Field and Ensilage Corn and Sweet Corn, i 
We are headquarters for all kinds of sound, fresh, I 
tested seeds. Get our annual seed catalogue. Mailed J 
free. Write to-day. 
FORD SEED CO., D<pt. Q, Rarenna, 0. 
ESTABLISHED 1802. 
forever a hundred years have been universally 
recognized as the standard of excellence. • 
HUK CATALfXJUK the I02d Huccessive an¬ 
nua! edition—contain.s a more complete assort¬ 
ment and fuller cultural dij-ections than any other 
seed annual publi.shed. It contains 128 large-size, 
pages, and in addition ifl full-imge, half-tone 
plates, and is in every re.spect and without ex¬ 
ception the most complete, most reliable and 
most beautiful of American Garden Annuals. 
We Mail It Free. 
J. M. THORBURN & CO., 
36 Cortlandt St., New York. 
THAT 
SUCCEED 
AlUERiea'S BED FOR 1903. 
The plants to make this attractive and showy bed are worth from 42.75 to 45.00, aecordliiif 
to size, but you can have the Seeds to grow them, free of charge, by enclosing this advertise-* 
with your cMh order amounting to 41.00 or more. See large illustration and full 
description In X-andreth s Catalogue, Write_iO;day for the catalogue. 
Good Gardens 
Assured 
4a3. tick, formerly of Boeheatar, 
Renager of lUU Order Separtnea^ 
D. Landreih & Sons, 
Philadelphia. 
