236 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 28 
HOW MUCH BORDEAUX MIXTURE. 
For Spraying iO-Year-Old Trees? 
Hx>w maiiM apple trees will 50 gallons of 
Bordeaux Mixture spray? Trees are from 
n to 15 years old. How am I to know 
when enough Mixture has been applied 
to the trees? Can an orchard containing 
Fall and Winter apples, also a few early 
varieties, be sprayed all at the same time? 
What is a correct formula for making 
Bordeaux Mixiure? 
Trees vary in size in our orchards, and 
I have never more than estimated the 
amount 50 gallons would spray effective¬ 
ly. Trees from 10 to 15 years old would 
require about a gallon per tree. Stop 
spraying just as leaves begin to drip. 
Most varieties of apples blossom at near¬ 
ly the same time, and can be sprayed at 
same time. The most notable exception 
to this is the Northern Spy, which is 
nearly a week later, and should be 
sprayed accordingly. 
GRANT G. IlITOHINGS. 
Trees of this age would need about one 
gallon or may be a little more of mix¬ 
ture each. I spray the trees until every 
part is covered, much like a heavy misty 
dew, aiming, however, to stop before the 
leaves and small branches begin to drip. 
I try to follow as closely as possible the 
advice given by the experiment stations 
for preparing and applying the mixture. 
The variety of apples need not he taken 
into consideration only as regards their 
period of blossoming. There may pos¬ 
sibly be a few days’ difference in the 
time varieties should be given the sec¬ 
ond spraying. In preparing the Bor¬ 
deaux 1 slake usually two barrels of 
lime at a time and keep this well cov¬ 
ered with water. I use 50-gallon oil 
barrels for the copper sulphate. The 
dissolving of copper sulphate is a very 
simple matter. I set the casks on end, 
remove the upper head, fill with water 
and suspend in the same a fertilizer sack 
containing 50 pounds of copper sulphate. 
This will be completely dissolved in from 
eight to 12 hours. I am very careful to 
dilute the lime and the copper sulphate 
separately to the full amount. I expect 
to use them in the mixture. They can 
then be poured together and stirred and 
the poison added. a. i. loop. 
Erie Co., Penn. 
The number of trees which 50 gallons 
of Bordeaux Mixture will spray will de¬ 
pend upon the size of the trees and the 
manner of applying it, but speaking gen¬ 
erally for trees of that age, 15 to 25 
trees. Enough should be applied, how¬ 
ever, thoroughly to moisten all parts of 
the top. Enough has been applied when 
somewhat careful inspection will show a 
thin film of moisture on all parts of the 
surface, but practically the man holding 
the nozzle determines when enough has 
been applied by the appearance of the 
bark. It is quite easy to see at some 
distance when the bark of the twigs and 
branches is all wet, and ihe careful 
workman will cease spraying a given 
part when he notices that condition. The 
side of the branch opposite from the 
workman will not be wet, but on trees 
of the age indicated It ought to be pos¬ 
sible to throw the spray across the tree 
so that when sprayed from opposite 
sides all parts should be wet. The higher 
the pressure the more fiuid will adhere 
to the foliage and the discoloration will 
be less. Practically different varieties 
are treated at the same time, still some 
varieties blossom so much out of the 
ordinary time that when planted in a 
block by themselves it Is well to treat 
them at a different time. Duchess and 
Mann are two varieties that I usually 
treat several days earlier than the other 
varieties in the orchard. Bordeaux Mix¬ 
ture can be properly made with the sul¬ 
phate of copper in different amounts, 
but for many years I have prepared it 
with 10 pounds of copper to 100 gallons 
ef water, and we usually use about twice 
as mucli lime as is needed to satisfy the 
test with ferro-cyauide of potassium. It 
Is quite important that the lime water 
and the copper solution should each be 
diluted before mixing. By diluting each 
of them to about two-fifths of the total 
amount of the mixture desired before 
mixing and afterward completing the 
amount by adding water a good mixture 
will result The sulphate of copper may 
be readily dissolved and held in a stock 
solution by putting in an old sack and 
hanging in the top of a barrel or other 
vessel with sufficient water nearly to 
cover the copper. The sack should not 
be hung low in the barrel. By having 
the number of pounds of copper equal* 
the number of gallons of water the de¬ 
sired amount of copper may readily be 
obtained by measuring the fluid. 
Niagara Co., N. Y. w. t. mann. 
Fifty gallons of properly made Bor¬ 
deaux Mixture ought to gover 20 to 30 
trees that are 20 years old or double that 
number 10 to 15 years old. I use a very 
fine spray by keeping a pressure on the 
hose of 60 to 100 pounds as given by a 
steam gauge on the air chamber of the 
pump, then thoroughly coating the 
bodies, limbs, twigs and foliage till it 
commences to form in drops. I have 
Summer, Fall and Winter apples mixed 
in the same orchard, and have always 
sprayed them all at the same time. 1 
have never seen any bad results further 
than that the Twenty-Ounce, Greenings 
and other thin-skinned varieties will 
show rust caused by spray quicker than 
Baldwins or other thick-skinned apples. 
I use five pounds of blue vitriol and 
seven or eight pounds of lime to 50 gal¬ 
lon mixture for early spraying. Later 
1 use four pounds blue vitriol and seven 
or eight pounds lime to 50 gallons. If 1 
spray very late 1 only use three pounds 
of blue vitriol and seven or eight pounds 
of lime to 50 gallons. We consider the 
lime a good fungicide and use plenty of 
it. The vitriol and lime should both be 
very dilute before putting them together. 
Wayne Co., N. Y. b. .j. case. 
Fertilizer for Onions. 
Mr. A. C. Peck, of Clifton Park, N. Y., 
writes that he has used Bowker’s Ferti¬ 
lizers for six years with good results, 
and adds: “This year I planted onions 
on seven-eighths of an acre of sandy 
loam; about one-half of it had been 
sown to onions for five years, the rest 
of it having been pasture until the pre¬ 
ceding Fall, when it was plowed up for 
the onion bed. Some manure was ap¬ 
plied on the field in 1901, and in the 
Summer of 1902 Bowker’s Fertilizer was 
applied. There were about 20 rows on 
the new ground w’hich did not receive 
the fertilizer, and these did not mature. 
The piece was harvested October 1 to 10 
and yielded 175 barrels on the piece.’’ 
Mr. Peck says: “Bowker’s Fertilizers 
are O. K. They make crops more vig¬ 
orous, and quicken maturity, thus send¬ 
ing the crop to market earlier, bringing 
the best prices.”— Adv. 
Farm Wagon only 921.05. 
In order to Introduce their Low Metal Wheels 
with Wide Tires, the Empire Man\ifa<'turing 
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market a Farmer’s Handy Wagon, that is only 
25 Inches high, fitted with 24 and 30-inch wheels 
with 4-inch tire, and sold for only $21.96. 
This wagon Is made of the best material 
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than a set of new wheels and fully guaranteed 
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Manufacturing Co., Quincy, Ill., who also will 
furnish metal wheels at low prices made any size 
and width of tire to fit any axle. 
The South Side Mfg. Co. 
PETERSBURG, VA., U. 8. A. 
Carriers for Strawberries, Raspberries, Peaches, 
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