258 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
April 4 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it i.s not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
(luestions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
The Sudduth Pear. 
./. .4.. Derhjj. Mich.—Do you know any¬ 
thing of the Sudduth pear that is being in¬ 
troduced by an Illinois nursery? 
Ans. —The Sudduth pear was described 
in detail in Thk R. N.-Y. about three 
years ago, from specimens received from 
Illinois. There is no doubt of it being 
very hardy in ti-ee and a good bearer, 
1 ) 1)1 the fruit is no-t attractive in color, 
Iv'ing gi'eenish, and the quality is only 
medium. Its season is the same as that 
of most other pears. u. e. v. d. 
Crimson Clover for Fertilizer. 
1. .S', A'., For/ Wfi!/7ie. hid.—How should 1 
liandle t’rimson clover for fertilizer? I do 
not want to feed it to stock as some might 
.suggest. Also tell me how to handle it for 
seed. We have a line held of Crimson 
and it looks well at present. 
A NS.—We wait until the heads turn 
color and then plow the clover under, 
using a chain on the plow. After plow¬ 
ing the ground should be rolled so that 
the clover will be packed down hard. If 
the furrows are left open and loose the 
soil will dry out quickly and you will 
lose most of the value of the clover for 
this year. The stalks of the Crimson 
are stiffen and harder than the red. We 
have known cases where it was neces¬ 
sary to cut the clover with a mowing 
machine and let it wilt on the ground 
before plowing it under. We doubt 
whether a seed crop of this clover will 
pay for the handling. After the heads 
turn black the clover may be cut with 
a reaper or a mowing machine with the 
side delivery attachment. The seed 
shells badly. A small quantity can lie 
handled by tossing up the bundle and 
striking it with the fork. 
Construction of a Dam. 
,1. A. .1/., Morictta, Go.—How thick should 
a dam be to hold the water in a pond 480 
feet long, 85 feet across the widest part, 
and -50 feet wide, with nine feet of water 
whore the dam is to be made? A\'erage 
depth is six feet. What would be suitable 
boats for this pond, and is it too small for 
a sailboat? 
Ans. —Every square foot of surface on 
which water rests bears the weight of 
62 V 2 pounds per cubic foot of water, in¬ 
creasing in proportion to depth. As the 
water is nine feet deep, the dam must be 
strong enough to bear a pressure of at 
least 600 pounds per square foot, but to 
guard against floods it should be twice 
this strength. The foundation should 
be dug to solid ground, and a tight core 
of planks built in the center and safely 
driven down into the foundation to pre¬ 
vent water from working under. The 
thickness at the bottom should be some¬ 
thing more than twice the height. The 
pond is too small for a sailboat. A fair¬ 
sized row or paddle boat would be 15 
feet long, four feet wide and a foot and 
a half deep. This would carry six per¬ 
sons safely if properly handled. 
II. STEWAKT. 
Fruit List for Maryland. 
M. (). U., Easton, Md. —Is the following list 
of apples good and suitable for Maryland: 
Berry Red, Ivanhoe, Shockley, Mann, 
Smokehouse, Grimes, Arkansas Black, 
Mammoth Blacktwig, Lawver, York Im¬ 
perial and Gano? If you know of any va¬ 
rieties better than the above please mention 
liiem. 1 desire to set an orchard for both 
family and market purposes of the best 
\aripties obtainable. 
.'\ns. —Two of the apples mentioned, 
Hciry Rod and Ivanhoe, I know only 
from specimens that I have seen and do 
not feel competent to say whether they 
would or would not be valuable for 
planting in southern Maryland. Shock- 
ley is a very late keeper, poor in quality 
and only suitable for the extreme south¬ 
ern limit of apple culture; hence, Is not 
to be planted anywhere in Maryland. 
Mann is only fair in quality, dull bronzy 
gioen and unattractive in most cases, 
and not very desirable, although it bears 
well and keeps very late. Smokehouse 
is a Fall variety in Maryland and not 
veiy iirofitable. Grimes is also a late 
Fall or early Winter apple in Maryland, 
but handsome and of most delicious 
quality. Arkansas Black is a seedling 
of Winesap, but has the bad habit of 
falling from the tree before gathering 
time, and is not suitable for that region. 
Arkansas, which is the approved name 
for the variety often called Mammoth 
Black Twig, is another Winesap seedling 
and quite a good one. It will pay to 
plant it in Maryland, and adjoining 
States, especially those southward. Law¬ 
ver is about wQrthless there, because it 
will not bear well, and the same is true 
of it about everywhere else. York Im- 
pei'ial is excellent and one of the best to 
plant theie of all apples. Gano is also 
a good market apple for that region, if 
one wants one of the Ben Davis type. It 
will pay in dollars, but is poor in qual¬ 
ity. Why not plant Stayman on the 
eastern shore? It does very well there, 
and is one of our best apples. One 
should not have a large number of va¬ 
rieties for market purposes, and I would 
think that York Imperial and Stayman 
would be the best for the region men¬ 
tioned. For family use there should be 
a few trees of Summer and Autumn va¬ 
rieties, and among the latter Grimes 
should be included. Summer Rose, 
Fanny, Golden Sweet, Wine, Smoke¬ 
house. Grimes and Jonathan would do 
very well up to the time ttie Winter 
apples come into season. ii. e. p. 
Catalpa in Canada. 
.4. A’., ilalvcrn, Ont.—A year ago 1 planted 
from a reliable firm of tree specialists one 
ounce of C’atalpa speciosa seed, from which 
1 have over 20(J plants. They are winter- 
killol nearly to the ground, although the 
.season has been a mild one. Is it worth 
while exiieriimmling further? I am just 
outside of the I'cach belt, near Toronto. 
Axs. —II is not strange that the Ga- 
laipa seedlings were injured by the 
Winter climate of the vicinity of To¬ 
ronto. Canada. 1 have seen them injured 
on my own farm in Kansas, and many 
other places where the climate is not so 
severe as at Toronto; yet they after¬ 
wards grew into fine, hardy trees. I 
would not be discouraged and give up 
the experiment, although it is not like¬ 
ly that any species of Catalpa will 
amount to much so far north. There are 
some trees now growing in southern 
Canada. A good plan is to let them 
grow three or four years and then cut 
them down to the ground in the Fall 
and allow one sprout to come up from 
each root the next year. These will 
grow with vigor, make nice trunks and 
prove more hardy than the growths of 
previous years, if they are pinched back 
in the Fall to hasten the ripening of the 
wood. There is no danger of the oit- 
ting back to stumps injuring or killing 
them. H. E. V. p. 
Starting Apples in Michigan. 
.V. IF. G., Eaton, Mich .—In connection with 
a plum and pear orchard I have an acre of 
fine fruit land which I wish to set to 
apples. To line with the others the trees 
should be in rows 20 feet apart. I have 
thought of setting Wageners with 25 or 30 
ftet between the trees in the row. Is there 
any system of culture and pruning which 
would give good results in this way? I 
am prepai’ed to restrict the trees in bear¬ 
ing and to give much attention to the trees 
if it would be likely to give good crops ol 
well-colored fruit. If this plan will not 
work how shall I work to raise fancy ap¬ 
ples on this acre and to get them soon? 
The land has been planted for 10 years to 
Brighton, Delaware and other varieties of 
tender grapes, which do not pay, and 1 
am taking them out. 
Ans. —It would be my preference to 
set the acre to Sutton trees 40 feet apart 
each way and fill in between them with 
Wagener, making the completed orchard 
with the trees 20 feet apart each way. 
This will match with the rows in the 
pear orchard adjoining, and the apple 
trees will be none too close for 15 to 20 
years, when the Wegener trees must be 
cut out, leaAdng the Sutton trees to oc¬ 
cupy the ground. There are other va¬ 
rieties that will bear fully as soon as 
Wagener but none that is likely to be 
any more profitable in Michigan, if 
equal to it. Sutton is one of the best 
Winter apples for that region, but Jona¬ 
than and Grimes are also very food in 
all respects and ars of the highest qual¬ 
ity. They surely suit the fancy market. 
H. E. V. P. 
Hieley Peach. 
Hardy stoclc and very early. Fruit 
larf^e, rich and creamy white with 
sun Icissed blush. One of the very twst 
varieties. Free catalog shows Mninle 
Ko«>, ElbertB and many other 
'■ choice varieties. Write forit. 
MUSI BE SOLD- 
^—600.000 two-yr. old Asparagus 
Boots, four best kinds; Ehu- 
barb and all other Vegetable Plants In season; Bar- 
Uana Tomato; new 75-day Sweet Potato. Write for 
what you want. 1. & J, L* EEONABP, Iona, N, J, 
unDQC DAniQU S’'*®®®'’ 
nUnOU nAUIOn OLIO more. $2.2.5; large 
stock; none better. Henry B. Shaw, Burlington, N.J. 
For Spring of 1903 We Offer Three MlUion 
Strawberry Plants 
From new beds planted in the Spring of 1902 on land 
especially adapted for making strong crowns with 
abundance of fibrous roots. We tie in bunches of 26, 
mark each variety with printed tags, pack securely in 
wol ventilated packages with abundance of moss to 
secure safe carriage, no matter how great the dis¬ 
tance. Certificate of inspection with every shipment. 
We Invite correspondence, with a list of your wants, 
on which we will cheerfully name you our very best 
price. 
AUTO 
If you have not'^planted this grand 
Strawberry, you “■ Au ” to. We have 
it with 42 other varieties. 
We also have Asparagus Boots, One and Two Tear 
Old In varieties— PALMETTO, Conover Colossal, 
Barb’s Mammoth, Giant argentectil. 
A general assprtment of Fruit Trees. 
SNOW HIDE NURSERIES, W. M. Peters A 
Sons, Proprietors, Snow Hill, Maryland. 
CLIMAX 
est producer. For particulars see Rural of June 21, 
or send postal lor our new Berry catalogue. Big stock 
Best Berry Plants of all good kinds. Bottom prices. 
SLAYMAKBB & SON, Dover, DeL 
Northern-Grown FruitTrees 
■lust a few I housand more in surplus. Quality HIGH, 
Price LOW. Catalogue FREE. MARTIN WAHL, 
Rochester, N. Y. 
BIGGEST. BLACKEST. BEST. 
KANSAS RASPBERRY, 
50,000 PLANTS. 
Berry Quarts and Oval Pints, Bottom 
Prices. Order Early. 
J. T. MOLUMPHY, Berlin, Ct. 
Surplus Nursery 
Stock Cheap. 
Japanese I’lums, Elberta, Carman and 
other best Peaches. Rhubarb, Asparagus. 
Choicest collection family and market 
Strawberries. Raspberries. Currants. 
Gooseberries. W/'ite at once for price list. 
Best Stock at Low Prices. 
J. H. HALE, 
South Glastonbury, Conn. 
y| ^ VARIETIES of strawberry plants. Strong 
V healthy, young plants, very cheap. Kansas 
black raspberries at $5 per 1000. Three varieties of 
asparagus, strong one-year roots, 50 cents per 100, $2 
per 1000. Strong two-year roots, 75 cents per 100, 111 
per 1000. Send for price list before placing your order. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. Address 
CHAS. BLACK, Hightstown, N. J. 
Choice Strawberry Plants“Sh’i wLYwa.^^^^^^^ 
medal at the Pan-Am. Exposition, $1 per 12. I have a 
large quantity of Bubach, Dewey, Excelsior, Gandy, 
Gibson, Glen Mary, Haverland, Hero, Kansas. Marie, 
Miller, Monitor, Nick Ohmer, Parson’s Beauty, Pal¬ 
mer, Sample, Dunlap, Splendid, Texas. Uncle Jim and 
others, for sale cheap. Send for estimate on varieties 
wanted. Satisfaction guaranteed. Catalogue free. 
WAL S. TODD, Greenwood, Del. 
HAYMAKER RASPBERRY. 
AVords cannot express Its gran¬ 
deur. No description can ade¬ 
quately portray Its crowning 
merits. Never has Its equal 
been produced; will pay the 
heaviest debt on any farm better 
than a Klondike gold mine. I 
bought my first plants of A. (>. 
Haymaker In 1900; I now have 
100,000 to sell. I could have had 
more. I rooted only the strong¬ 
est. Price of plants, 75 cents per 
dozen, postpaid; $3.00 per 100 
$20 per 1 , 000 . 
eiadioli ItalbK, finest mixed, 1,000shades, 25 cents 
per dozen; gl.50 per 100, postpaid. 
Strawberry and email fruit plante, send for 
catalogue. C. S. PRATT, Reading, Mass. 
p IU or up—Our copyrighted book, “From Seed to 
UinOLliU Market,” tells all you want to know. Sent 
Free, with price of seed and roots if you enclose stamp. 
Special Offer, 6 seed-bearing roots, II postpaid. 
Royal Ginseng Gardens, Box 20, Little York, N. Y. 
PEACH TREES General assortment, $2 to $6 per lOO. 
Circnlar free. 
Also plum, pear and cherry trees. 
B. 8 Johnston, Box 4, 8 tockley,DeL 
mm 
m Etc., cl 
THOUSAND 
PEACH TREES. B(tt hrittlii. 
many Apples, Plums, Cherry, 
Etc., cheap. Catalogue free. 
WOODVIEW NURSERIES. MT. HOLLY SPRINGS, P* 
PEDiyEED .PEACH. TREES 
New Fruits and Berries—Low Prices. Every- 
thing for the Fruit Grower. Catalogue FREE. 
LINDSLEY’S NURSERIES, Whitehouse, N. J. 
n 
JLtn 
PEGR04W IN 
-OUR BOOK 
..FREE’ 
wt I 111 I HOWT 06 ROW 
PREIGHTpaY IT ^ FRUIT 
SEND FOR IT 
TITUS NURSERYnemahaneb 
Geneva Grown Trees 
All Strictly first-class and well grown, at wholesale 
prices. Apples; Pears, standard and dwarf; Plums; 
Cherries; Quinces; Peaches; Currants; Raspberries: 
Blackberries; Ornamentals: Shrubs; Boses, etc, Send 
list of wants for prices. Address 
Box 203, Geneva, N. Y. 
Reference—First National Bank, Geneva, N. Y. 
250,000 
APPLE TREES 
All strictly first-class. At "bargain 
prices. All the leading varieties. 
BROWN BROTHERS COMPANY 
Continental Nurseries. Rochester, N. Y. 
Fruit Trees 
Good, Better, Best* 
Send for Catalogue and get proof. 
A practical talk on PEACH CDIp 
TUBE free with Catalogue. 
H. S. WILEY, 
Cayuga Nurseries. Cayuga, N. Y 
IREES 
too— pear, cherry and PEACH; healthy, true to name 
AW and Fumigated. All kinds of trees and plants at low wholesale 
prices. Don’t buy until you get our catalogue, which Is free, or send list of wants for 
special price. Address RELIANCE NURSERY, Box 1, Geneva, New York. 
25,000 BARILEH, KIEFFER 
THE TREE BREEDERS. 
AND OTHER LEADING 
VARIETIES OP PEAR TREES. 
The Tree Breeder (Free) will 
tell you about them. 
ROGERS OH THE HILL, Dansville, N. Y. 
iVs Time 
to 
.strictly reliable 
NURSERY STOCK OP 
THE MONROE NURSERY 
.56th Year. 800 Acres. 
CATALOGUE PREE. 
1. E. ILGENFRITZ’ SONS CO., 
Monroe, Mich. 
SURPLUS BERRY PLANTS. 
We have a surplus of most of the following and will make reduced 
prices to readers of the Rural New Yorker. 
STRAWBERRIES—1,0(X),{XX) Johnson’s Early, Texas, Clyde, Rough Rider, 
Sample, Sunshine, Glen Mary and 50 others. 
RASPBERRIES —100,000 Plum Parmer, Cuthbert, Loudon, Shaffer, 
Columbian, Ac. 
BLACKBERRIES—150,000 Taylor, Snyder, Erie, Iceberg, Mersereau, &c. 
Also CniTants, Gooseberries, Grapes, Asimragus, Roses, Clematis, 
Seed Potatoes, &c., <&c. Illustrated Catalogue Pree. 
DBIiC|U|DCD that our season is latest in the United States. We can ship plants till June 1st, trans- 
■ikmhinwfcii planted plants even later. Plants from us grow and do well though your season be 
well advanced. If you get disappointed elsewhere, or want plants late in the season here is the place 
to find them. If not familiar witn varieties, send $1, $10, or whatever you wish to invest, and leave the 
selection to us. 20 years’ experience in Berry Culture. Highest Awards on Strawberries at World’s 
Pair. We refer to our postmaster, express I I CADUCD Daw Ofl DiiIaaI/S U V 
agent, or the editor of this paper. Address Li Ji lAilllHCnf DOA ZU) lUI9SKI| Ri !• 
