1903 
3o9 
MAPES, THE HEN MAN. 
Will you make me a balanced ration for 
J.eghorn liens (and chicks) that have free 
range out of the following: Meat meal, all 
of the mill feeds made from wheat, corn 
and oats, to be mixed with water and a 
little skim-milk? reader. 
Plum, Pa. 
A Satisfactory Ration. —I have 
found the following mixture to give very 
satisfactory resuits both where fowls 
have free range and when confined in 
yards with nothing else whatever in the 
way of food, not even green food of any 
kind. Oyster shells, grit and water were 
supplied of course, but I hardly class 
those as food: Wheat bran, five pounds; 
wheat middlings, five pounds; cracked 
corn, 10 pounds; cornmeal, 10 pounds; 
animal meal, two pounds. To this 
should be added enough skim-milk to 
wet into a mash. It makes a very good 
mixture without milk, using water in¬ 
stead, but milk is an improvement. For 
small chicks the cracked corn should not 
be very coarse. It is as well to use 
coarse ground cornmeal in place of 
cracked corn for the small chicks. For 
larger chicks and for hens I prefer the 
cracked corn in order to give the gizzard 
a chance to perform its normal func¬ 
tions. Our limited supply of skim-milk 
has been used for the pigs most of the 
Winter and the hens’ mash has been 
wetted with w'ater. The egg yield kept 
gradually increasing after January 1 
until we got up to 60 dozen a day, where 
it seemed to stop. Early in March we 
butchered a lot of the pigs, and then 
had some milk to add to the hens’ morn¬ 
ing mash. The third day after we be¬ 
gan using the milk the egg yield jumped 
another hundred, and has since climbed 
above 900 a day. This goes to confirm 
my previous views of the value of skim- 
milk in the poultry food. 
An Ego Theory. —On page 243 Grant 
Davis presents a very pretty theory as 
to the reason that my hens (and his own 
too) do not lay well out of the normal 
laying season. He says that “they ex¬ 
hausted their supply for the year and 
iieither the same good treatment nor 
any other would make them lay during 
the following Winter.’’ What shall we 
do with the hard facts and hard logic 
which oppose such a theory? The hard 
facts in my case and evidently In his 
also, as well as in thousands of others, 
aie that it is aliaest, if not quite as diffi¬ 
cult, to induce pullets to lay well out of 
the normal season as hens that have 
been laying through the Summer. The 
hard logic is this: These pullets have 
but just arrived at a laying age, and 
must certainly possess all of their ori¬ 
ginal vigor. It cannot be said of them 
that “they have exhausted their year’s 
supply.’’ I am afraid that the problem 
is as far from being solved as ever. 
Inofratok Notes. —Jesse is having 
good success with tke iHcubators thus 
far, for a beginner. His first hatch from 
a 3G#-egg machine resultei in 244 good 
strong chicks, and three that hah to be 
helped from the shell, from 298 fertile 
esgs, when tested on the fifth day. Th® 
second hatch was almost as good, giving 
us 235 strong chicks and five that did 
not get out without help. We never take 
the trouble to test the eggs more thaa 
once. What is to be gained by testing 
them out more than once? We test at 
the fifth day in order to remove in¬ 
fertile eggs, thus giving more room on 
the trays for turning the eggs, and to 
secure the infertile eggs while they are 
still in good condition for bakers’ uses. 
After that I see no object in further 
testing. The few dead germs that oc¬ 
cur in a good incubator are no objection 
in the tray, so far as I have been abl® 
to discover, as they do not develop any 
objectionable odor ia the machine, and 
I believe that the jarring and handling 
of the eggs even in careful testiag does 
more harm than good. The only treat¬ 
ment wnich Jesse gave these two 
hatches out of the usual order was to 
leave the doors wide open all night once, 
through an oversight, and in nat turn¬ 
ing them at all after the fifteenth day. 
I can see an object in turaing the eggs 
during the earlier stages of the hatch, 
while the germ will float readily to the 
top surface every time the egg is turn¬ 
ed. After the chick is large enough 
nearly to fill the shell, making this float¬ 
ing to the top surface difficult if not im¬ 
possible, I am somewhat in doubt as to 
hny beneflt from turning. We are using 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
nothing but eggs from hens that are two 
years eld or more this season for set¬ 
ting. This gives us large eggs and good 
strong chicks. One of our breeding pens 
is headed by a White Leghorn rooster 
that has twice taken first prize in the 
show room and weighs five pounds when 
in good condition. We took a good deal 
of pains to cull the whole of our flocks 
in order to get exhibition hens that also 
weigh five pounds each. We succeeded 
in getting 20 such hens, and the eggs 
from that pen average a pound to every 
seven eggs. This is the kind of eggs for 
which the best grocery trade is willing 
to pay a good big price. 
Feeding Brood Sows.—Last Winter 
we fed our breeding sows on the same 
mixture that we used for our hens, and 
our Spring litters proved unsatisfactory, 
giving us too tew live pigs, and too many 
dead ones. The feed contained a very 
large percentage of mineral matter, with 
a good proportion of wheat bran. As 
an experiment we changed to wheat 
middlings and cornmeal, equal parts by 
weight, this Winter, with no bone meal 
or animal meal whatever. Our first five 
litters thus far have given us 43 pigs 
with no sign of dead pigs at birth as 
formerly. Whether or not the change 
in feed has anything to do with this re¬ 
sult I cannot say. 
Purchased Grain for Pigs. —On page 
270 this question is asked: “Who can 
make hogs pay with all the grain 
bought?’’ This leads me to ask another. 
If they do not pay with purchased grain 
by what process of reasoning can they 
be made to pay with grain raised at 
home? What constitutes a paying hog 
anyway? Is it not one whose market 
value is greater than the market value 
of food consumed and time spent in his 
care? How much is home-grown grain 
worth? What it will bring in cash. 
How much is purchased grain worth? 
What the man who sells it to you can 
get for it in cash. The only advantage 
which I can see for the hog eating home¬ 
grown grain is the saving made in haul¬ 
ing grain from farm to nearest market 
or from nearest market to farm. This 
is inconsiderable in these days of nu¬ 
merous transportation facilities, except 
in rare cases. Because a man may be 
making money raising grain and feeding 
it to hogs is no sure sign that his hogs 
are paying. His profit may come from 
raising the grain or it may arise from 
the hogs. If more than half of his pro¬ 
fit comes from the hogs he might be bet¬ 
ter off to double his supply of hogs, 
spend the time now consumed in raising 
grain in their care, and buy his grain 
from his neighbor, be he either farmer 
or dealer. I know men who have spent 
their lives producing milk at a loss, who 
say that cows must pay, because they 
have got their entire living from them, 
and laid up a little besides. The facts 
are that they have produced good crops 
of hay, grain and pasture at a profit and 
have spent a big proportion of their 
time converting these crops into milk 
and getting it to market, where it has 
brought less than the value of the crops 
consumed and the time they have spent 
doing it. Their farm crops have often 
paid when their cows did not pay. If 
hogs will not “pay on purchased grain” 
the chances are they will not pay on 
home-grown grain, where a farm is well 
located in respect to transportation 
facilities. o. w. mapes. 
Only Regular Award, Chicago, ISO.*) — Grand Prize, Paris, 1900 
Only Gold Medal, Buffalo, 1901 
SOME BIG USERS OF BOTH 
Farm and Facto ry Cr eam Separators 
As everybody knows all the big and long experienced users 
of Cream Separators are patrons of the DE LAVAL machines. 
Many commenced wi*h other makes and nearly all liave tried 
various different kinds, but practical experience in the use of 
Cream Separators always means the eventual use of DE LAVAL 
machines exclusively. 
The names l^low are those of a few of the big users of 
separators—all using from 20 to 200 Power or Factory machines 
and having hundreds of Farm machines with their patrons as 
specified—all DE LAVAL. 
Beatrice Creair ^ry Co., Lincoln, Neb.5,000 machines 
Continental Creamery Co., Topeka, Kas.3,000 machines 
Franklin County Creamery Aee’n, St. Albans, Vt... 1,000 machines 
Fairmont Creamery Co., Fairmont, Neb.1,000 machines 
Littleton Creamery Co., Denver, Col. .1,000 machines 
Manning Creamery Co., Manning, Iowa. 750 machines 
Faust Creainery & Supply Co., Salt Uke City, Utah. 500 machines 
W. 6. Merritt, Great Bend, Kaa. 500 machines 
Frank Dunning, Bedford, Iowa. 500 machines 
Nebraska-lowa Creamery Co., Omaha, Neb. 300 machines 
J. A. Danielson & Co., Lake Park, Minn. 300 machines 
E. G. Hammer, Goodhue, Minn. 300 machines 
W. C. Lubke, Kenyon, Minn. 300 machines 
These are just a few of the big users of DE LAVAL machines 
who are now busily engaged along with many others in putting 
out hundreds more of Farm machines among their patrons as 
fast as the Shops can produce them. 
A De Laval catalogtie may be had for the asking. 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
rando l^ph & ca^mal Sts.. General Offices : ‘‘''montreIlT'* 
1213 Filbert Street, -- noo-ri AMr.-r C-rorTT-r- 73 & 77 York Street. 
PHILADELPHIA. OORTLANDT STREET, TORONTO. 
217-221 Drumm St. NPW VriOl/’ 248 McDermot Avenue. 
SAN FRANCISCO. IN t W YUKK.. WINNIPEG. 
rHAMPION 
Milk Cooler—Aeratorl 
giT«i delioAte flavorg Id milk, butUr a&d [ 
oho«g*. E«muT®a all oow and tlnbla odort i 
and digaaaa (ormg and makaa milk k*«p I 
36 bourg loosar. Writ* for our fra# bo(^> I 
let, «*Mllk and lig Cara.** Full ling of| 
Milk Daa!«r*g SoppHeg alwayi on band* 
Champion Milk CooUr Co. 
17 Hqulrag Htraat. Cortland, Now York. | 
Throwing 
/-i _ ^ o 
•utter 
Av^y 
by th* old ^ 
method of skimming 
milk Is rank folly. With a 
National Cream Se*arat*r 
you can tare 80 per cent, of the 
hutter-fat you are now throwing 
away. It separates both warm and 
cold milk, light or heavy cream and 
skims practicaUy clean. We send it 
Free for 10 Days 
trial. let you test It—see for your¬ 
self the saving it makes. If not 
satisfactory, send it back—we 
pay all costs. Catalogue free. 
N*tlu*al Uair, Slaehl**Co. 
Nawark, M. 4. 
AGRE-ATWMBrnnONl 
Good Cows 
AND A 
US. Separator 
Fill THE 
FARNER’S 
Pockets 
WITH 
ONEY! 
The U. S. Separator gets all the cream from the milk, 
The cream makes the butter. 
The skim-milk makes the calf, 
AH bring In the cash. 
301 Send for Catalogue 
VERMONT EARN HACI1INE CO., Bellows Falls, Vt. 
Perfect Butter 
—the kind which brings the highest 
price in any market can only be mad* 
. from perfect milk. All bad odor* 
land flavors of animal, feed ot 
stable must be removed, 
THE PERFECTION 
Milk Cooler and Aerator 
irlHdoit aaicbly, cheaply and perfectly. Mada In vait- 
niaaliaa from 1 ta 200 cows Send for prices and frea chcnlara. 
L.R. LEWIS, Manfr., Box 12 . Cortland, N. Y. 
All about them aud other things fur th< 
dalr/ aud creamery. A* 11* PhllaUelpkia* 
trouble than by any uthe 
method, by using 
Superior Cream Extractor 
(Does not mix water with milk.) It 
effects a complete separation in an hour 
by a circulation of cold water in an out-{ 
er jacket. Every can guaranteed. Thous- 
I andB in practical use. Why pay high prices 
ffor separators no better? Writo today for 
ci^og. Superior Feaco Machine Co.« 
183 Gd. River Ave., Detroit, Mich. 
A Revolution in Dairying. 
We can prove that the Plymouth Cream Extractor 
has more poluts of excellence 
than any other. Here are a few: 
Milk not mixed with water. Re¬ 
movable inner can. Inner can 
has center tube which Is also 
water receptacle. Water distrib¬ 
uted equally around and under 
inner cun; also through ccutet 
tube, giving greatest possible 
cooling surface. No water re- 
qtiircd five months in tho year. 
New and original faucet; Impos¬ 
sible to leak or sour. You'll be 
sorry If you buy any other before 
r, . * i.aa. Investigating this. Seiitl for 
Pat. April29,liXB. catalog. PLYMOUTH CREAM 
SEPARATOR COMPANY, Plymouth, Ohio. 
CREAM EXTRACTOR 
id 
FREE 
Pa(.]fAfn,19(H. 
This Is a genuine 
offer made to introduce the I’eoples 
Cream Extractor In every neighbor¬ 
hood. It is the best and simplest in 
the world. We ask that you show it to 
your neighbors who liave cows. Send 
your name and the name of the near¬ 
est freight office. Address 
PEOPLES SUPPLY CO., 
Dept. 80. Kansas City, Mo. 
THE HRRaS 
Cream Extractor 
The leading Cream Extractor 
on the market because milk and 
water are not mixed. You al¬ 
ways have pure, sweet milk for 
home use and not diluted for 
feeding. Tho most convenient 
extractor made for handling 
your milk in Winter as well as 
In Summer. It saves all can 
lifting, skimming and washing 
of crocks. It is easily kept 
clean. Write for descriptive 
catalogue and special Introduc¬ 
tory prices to THE AKKAS 
CR£AM SEPARATOJB CO. 
BhCSTTON, OUIO. 
