324 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 25 
; Ruralisms 
NOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS 
Hazel Nttts. —Filbert or hazelnut cul¬ 
ture has never succeeded well in the At¬ 
lantic States. We have three native spe¬ 
cies bearing small nuts of excellent qual¬ 
ity, but they are so sparingly produc¬ 
tive as not to be worth cultivating in 
their present state. Varieties of the Eu¬ 
ropean Corylus avellana and the closely- 
allied C. maxima and C. Pontica have 
been freely planted throughout the East 
by nut enthusiasts. If set in good loamy 
soil in well-drained situations they occa¬ 
sionally produce fair crops, but con¬ 
stantly suffer from a fungus that kills 
off the branches and often the trunks 
without greatly affecting the roots. We 
are familiar with two plantings of over 
100 trees each. One was made on a good 
loamy upland about 14 years ago, and 
was cultivated in hoed crops for three 
or four years. Since then the soil has 
been covered with thick sod. About 60 
per cent of the plants are living, though 
many are deformed by the fungus. Some 
really good crops have been gathered, 
and there is a fair showing of nuts al¬ 
most every year. Several esteemed 
named varieties were included, but the 
greater number are seedlings, and these 
are, as a rule, more vigorous and resist¬ 
ant to disease. The other planting is on 
a sandy hillside with a southern expo¬ 
sure, and consists entirely of seedlings 
of imported nuts, grown nearby. Owing 
to poverty of the soil and lack of care 
many have perished, but some sturdy 
bushes still remain and yearly produce 
good nuts. The fungus has been rather 
more destructive in this case, but seems 
at a standstill for the last five years. 
Reasonable care and regular pruning 
would probably result in better yields, 
and quite certainly in more attractive 
appearance of these smail plantations, 
but it is not easy to see where a profit 
could come in at the average price of 
nuts in our markets. 
Hazel Nuts are grown more exten¬ 
sively in Spain than any other country, 
but are very successfully cultivated in 
some portions of California. The Red 
Aveline is a great favorite there, as it is 
productive and of good quality. It gets 
its name from the red skin covering the 
sweet rich kernei. In the picture on 
first page. Fig. 112, the bunch of catkins 
on the right is taken from a seedling 
of this variety, and the cluster on the 
left from a good seedling of Kentish 
Cob. Hazel catkins or male blooms are 
very attractive as they wave in the 
April winds, and the bushes themselves 
can be made quite ornamental by judi¬ 
cious trimming. The purple-leaved va¬ 
riety of the European hazel makes a fine 
specimen where it can be kept in health. 
The leaves and husks are deep purple, 
and retain their color until frost. The 
nuts, too, are large and of rich quality, 
but it produces but little pollen and does 
not bear freely unless fertilized by some 
other variety. Prof. S. T. Maynard, of 
Massachusetts, sent us last Fall some 
richly-tinted purple foliage taken from 
a wayside plant of the common native 
eastern hazel, C. Americana. The color¬ 
ing was in every way as good as the ex¬ 
otic purple-leaved kind. As this native 
is usually more resistant to disease than 
the foreign one as grown here, we should 
expect a purple-leaved sport, if readily 
propagated, to be of real value for or¬ 
namental plantings. Hazels have much 
broader leaves than the purple beech or 
Pissard’s plum so frequently used for 
dark foliage effects, while the coloring 
is of a deeper shade and very persistent 
throughout the season. 
A Modest Plant-Breeder. —Two 
modest price lists of eight pages each af¬ 
ford a partial summary of the important 
hwt as yet little appreciated work in 
breeding native plums and foreign paeo- 
nies, done by the veteran nurseryman, 
H. A. Terry, Crescent, la., during the 
last 46 years. Mr. Terry has, for more 
than an average generation, been stead¬ 
ily selecting the most promising varie¬ 
ties that could be secured, planting them 
in close proximity so that natural cross- 
pollenization could be easily effected by 
insects and similar agencies, and grow¬ 
ing seedlings by the thousand, one gen¬ 
eration after another, and introducing 
without fuss or unwarranted booms the 
best of the new kinds as their character¬ 
istics developed after rigid comparison 
with the most valuable standards. The 
present offerings comprise 56 new plums 
and 110 varieties of pseonies. Some of 
the plums, such as Hawkeye, Charles 
Downing, Milton and Hammer, are now 
quite well known, succeeding over a 
wide range of territory, while others 
are likely to meet local rather than dis¬ 
tant requirements. The paeonies are 
chiefly known in the West, where they 
are becoming highly appreciated, and in 
time the more distinct kinds will doubt¬ 
less find their way all over the temperate 
cultivated portions of the globe. Grow¬ 
ing seedling paeonies is a long-winded 
and usually thankless occupation, but 
Mr. Terry’s keen discrimination of the 
qualities of his seed parents has resulted 
in an unsurpassed collection of new and 
valuable varieties. It takes anywhere 
from three to seven years to bloom 
paeonies from seed, and considerably 
more time to get up a little stock of 
even the most prolific ones. Although 
seeds may be selected from the most 
perfect double blooms 99 out of every 100 
of the seedlings are likely to come single 
or imperfectly doubled, and the chances 
of getting a really good new one are con¬ 
siderably less than one in a thousand. 
Mr. Terry has given over 32 years of his 
time to growing seedlings of this fasci¬ 
nating hardy plant, and his achieve¬ 
ments in this line are not likely to be 
surpassed. 
The work in native plums marks a 
long step toward the amelioration of 
this most valuable fruit. A number of 
promising new kinds of Mr. Terry’s own 
selection are now established on the 
Rural Grounds, and may soon be ex¬ 
pected to fruit. They are all good 
healthy growers. Some are showing first 
blooms this Spring, two years after 
planting. Mr. Terry’s first plant-breed¬ 
ing work was with seedling crab apples, 
but he found, as universal experience 
proves, tlie apple tp be a most refractory 
fruit with a woeful tendency to rever¬ 
sion toward inferior types. Of more 
than 1,000 varieties fruited only 25 were 
deemed worth growing and very few o 
these have been propagated. This great 
work has been carried on in the man¬ 
ner of all earnest plant breeders, with¬ 
out hippodromlng, and the final outcome 
must be a substantial addition to Ameri¬ 
ca’s horticultural resources, but we fear 
no great pecuniary reward to the mod¬ 
est and persistent experimenter. 
W. V. F. 
A lingerincTcough 
The cough that holds on 
in spite of all remedies needs 
energetic and above all thor¬ 
ough treatment. A mere 
cough mixture won’t do. 
Root out the cold that causes 
the cough. 
How.? Scott’s Emulsion. 
Why Scott’s Emulsion.? 
Because it stops the irrita¬ 
tion, soothes the tissues and 
heals the affected membranes. 
When.? Right away. 
Scott’s Emulsion begins to 
help with the first dose. 
We’ll send you a sample free upon request. 
SCOTT & BOWNE, 409 Pearl Street, New York. 
WATER. 
If you want water only when the wind blows a windmill will do your work 
and cost less money than our Rider and Ericsson Hot-Air Pumps, but if you want 
water every day while your flowers are growl ng and do not want your pump blown 
down when the wind blows too hard, no pump in the world can equal ours. We 
have sold about 20,000 of them during the past twenty-five years, which Is proof 
that we are not making wild statements. 
Our Catalogue “C 4” will tell you all about them. Write to nearest store. 
Rider-Ericsson Engine Company, 
36 Warren St., New York. C92 Craig St., Montrkal. P. Q. 40 Dearborn St., Chicago. 
239 Franklin St., BOSTON. Tenlente-Rey 71, Havana, Cuba 40 N. 7th St., Phitadelphia. 
22 Pitt St., Sydney, n. 8 . W. 
Wise Man’^ 
Wagon. 
The man who has had experience 
in running a wagon knows that it 
is the wheels that determine the 
life of the wagon itself. Our 
ELECTRIC 
have given a new lease of life to tliousands of old 
wagons. They can be had in any de.sired helght.and 
any width of tire up to 8 inches. With a set of these 
wheels you can in a few minutes have either a high 
or a low down wagon. The Electric linndy 
Wngoii Is made by skilled workmen, of best select¬ 
ed material—white hickory axles, steel wheels, steel 
hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry 4000lbs. Here is 
the wagon that will save money for you, as It 
lasts almost forever. Our catalog describing the uses 
of these wheels and wagons sent free. Write for It. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., 60X88 QUINCY, ILLINOIS. 
20-Ton “Goshen” 
Low Wagon 
Wheels. 
Cannot be overloaded. Stand up 
under any kind of hard usa^e. 
Tires never need resetting. Not 
affected by weather, hot or cold, 
w'et or dry. No spokes to get 
loose or gather mud. Save half 
the lifting, h'it any style ofskein 
or steel axle, \'ery durable and 
easy running* Write for price list 
and Instructious lur ordering. Beat thing 
you ever bought. Manufactured by < 
The Hlekox, Mull & Hill Co., 
ld4Suprrior St., Toledo, tK 
Power in the Stream 
is used to bring water to your house, bam ^ 
or lawn by the 
RIFE 
HYDRAULIC 
ENGINE. 
The supply is constant, it needs no atten¬ 
tion and runs at no ex¬ 
pense. Lifts to any height, 
carries to any distance. 
Gives city advantages in i 
country homes. BnIdonCO I 
days trial. Catalogue free. * 
i 
11 Power Specialty Co.,126 Liberty St., New York. J 
orrvTt I 
PUMPS Uift, Power,' Tank 
and Spray 
PUMPS 
Store Ladders, etc 
Barn Door Uangern, 
HAYTOOLS 
of all kinds. Write 
for Oir’s and Prices. 
F._E. MYEK8 A 
BBO.. Ashland, O. 
IT PAYS TO SPRAY 
i eren nsdar ordinary conditions and In tba ordinary way, Vot 
U pays especially well toapray when yon can d o the work 
perfectly and cover thirty acres a day with the 
P^Rf^ECTION |'p’kS?rR 
I either hand or horse power. Pump Is positive In action and 
L mover loees force. Liquid does not enter the working parts 
of the pnmp to corrode it. Simple, easily adjoited 
, and ope rated. The mannfacturer has spent twelve 
^ years in bringiDg It to its present state of perfec* 
Won. SpraysBordeanx and all mixtures wHhwt 
^trouble or waste. Write for free eaUlog. We also 
^ make the Improved Biggs 
Plows and Fonowers. 
, TliORtS PXPPLIB 
^Boi ST Hlghtstowa 
N* d. 
Tires 
SQ: 
es I 
sterling ^ QQ 
Puncture ^ 
I'roof Tires PerPair 
are the be.st made. Con¬ 
structed on puncture 
proof lines. No solution 
in them. Guaranteed for 
One Year. Complete 
catalog of tires from $ 2.00 per pair up, sent FREE. 
Delaware Rubber Co. 657 Market Street, Phila¬ 
delphia, Pa. Send for big Catalog. 
IDE 
MACHINERY 
Best arwl cheapest, 
Send tor catalogue 
BOOMER & BOSCHERT 
PRESS CO., 
118 West Water 8t., 
6YIUCLSK, S. Y, 
DREER’S 
SPRAY TOOLS 
Insecticides and Fungicides 
Send for Catalogue 
HENRY A. DREER, 
714 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 
O K 
[PUMP^ ^SPRAY. 
I One at a time. i5 seconds pumping 
J obarges with enough air to run 
[The Auto-Spray 
1 10 minutes and oorer K 
I feetly Automatic, operator merely 
I walks and directs nocsle. Spray from 
1 finemisttosoUustream. AnTboycaa 
I YTCtrk it. Brass working and contact 
I parts make it perfect working and 
I durable. For poultry houses, vlnet, 
I trees, etc. Catalog F .ftee. Shows the 
I belt line of al 1 sUe, all purpose sprv* 
I era made. Write for agency. 
|e.c.brown ACOMPANY, 
Rocha.l.r 
T O AVOID THE DESTKl'C. 
TIO.N of your valuable 
fruit and shade trees, 
order the patented Aindt 
Tree Protector. Agents 
wante<l in every county anil 
city. Complete ontllt, in¬ 
cluding 20 feet of tile Pro¬ 
tector, J1.75. Best selling 
article ever offered. 
Arndt Tree Protector Co., 
526 Ellicott Square, 
liulfalo, N.Y. 
0, L. Beiijauiln, Oen'l Manager. 
The South Side Mfg. Co. 
PETERSBURG, VA., U. 8 . A. 
Carriers for Strawberries; Raspberries, Peaches, 
Mushrooms, Egg Settings, Hothouse Tomatoes, etc., 
and manufacturers of the Continental Plant Shipping 
Baskets. Send for Catalogue and prices. 
Hardie Potato Sprayer 
Is a strong, simple and practical attachment which can be quickly and 
easily connected to any spray pump. Fits on the back of an ordinary 
wagon or cart. Sprays 4 rows at a time, covers the entire vine with a 
fine fog-like spray—and one man can spray 20 acres in a day. Does 
exactly the same work as a $75 machine and only costs GH 
Write for our free illustrated catalogue giving f'dl infurma- ^ I MM 
tion about our complete line of Spraying Machines. ▼ • IwWI 
Hardie Spray Pump Mfg. Co., 46 Lamed St., Detroit, Mich. 
MEANS FULL FRUITING 
^ IJIJAT AND FINE FLOWERS. 
RW Im mM g About the only pumps worth using are 
k ^ tho.se that mechanically mix the liquid and 
W ^ clsan the straiaer to prevent clogglag aad stopping spray. The ^ 
Empire King, Orchard Monarch and Garfield 
are that kind. They ar« eaeleat and fasUstln the field, they mak« th« fineetapray ' 
and they are the only aprayera with automatic agltatora and atrainer cleaning 
bruahea. They do nut bum and apoll che foliage by applying too much polaon In 
•pota, and every part geta Ita due proportion. To ^ aure of being dght aend for 
•ur book of inatruotlona on aprmying, formulaa. etc. Mailed free fee the aaking. 
FIELD FOBOE PUMP OO., S llth SL, Klmlr., N. X. 
The High-Pressure Double-Cylinder Sprayer. 
The Best in the World. Four Gallons Carried Easily. Made of heavy galvanized Iroa 
strongly braced and reinforced In every part. Heads swelled and double seamed, otrong, two-lucn 
force-pump with heavy rods. The most perfect working sprayer ever invented. It is also made of 
20 ounce copper, which will last a lifetime. Adapted for all classes of sprayiog. This sprayer, when 
filled and charged, which takes half a minute, will spray continuously for 15 minTites, and wUl throw 
a stream 30 feet high. It is especially fine for large work In potato fields, vineyards, tobacco 
plantations, fruit tree spraying, whitewashing, chicken-house spra^ng and greenhouse work. Also 
for applying disinfectants in bam, etc. Write for descriptive circular, showing five styles of Spray¬ 
ers and prices. Agents Wanted. NORTH JERSEY NURSERIES, Springfield, N. J. 
